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Прасемитско-английский словарь на Айин (^c - звонкое фарингальное h)

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Представлен реконструированный прасемитский корнеслов на ‘, или ˤ (хриплое звонкое придыхание, "гамза", финик. ayin, араб. ayin; условно - hg, &) с английским описанием (см. англо-русский словарь).

Также смотрите корни в лексиконах семитских языков-потомков:

• арабский лексикон

*ʕbd.

Central Semitic, to serve, work; noun *ʕabd-, servant, slave = Центральносемитский, служить, работать; существительное *ʕabd-, слуга, раб.

1. Obadiah, from Hebrew ʕōbadyāh, servant of Yahweh, from ʕōbad, alternate form of ʕebed, servant, slave.

2. Abednego, from Hebrew ʕăbēd-nəgô, probably alteration of ʕăbēd-nəbô, servant of Nabu, from ʕăbēd, alternate form of ʕebed, servant (nəbô, Nabu, from Akkadian nabû).

*ʕḏr.

Central Semitic, to help = Центральный семитский, чтобы помочь.

1. Ezra, from Hebrew ʕezrāʔ, hypocoristic form of a name such as ʕazrîʔēl, God (is) my help, from ʕazr-, ʕezr-, presuffixal form of ʕēzer, help (ʔēl, God; see ʔl)..

2. Lazarus, from Hebrew ʔelʕāzār, God has helped, from ʕāzār, he has helped, lengthened form of ʕāzar, to help (ʔel, God; see ʔl).

3. Hasdrubal, from Latin Hasdrubāl, from Phoenician (Punic) *ʕazrō-baʕl, his help (is) Baal, from *ʕazrō, his help, from ʕazr, help, from *ʕzr, to help + *-ō, his (*baʕl, Baal; see bʕl).

*ʕgn.

West Semitic, to press, bend = Западносемитский, давить, гнуть. lamejun, from Arabic ʕajīn, dough, from ʕajina, to knead.

*ʕlm.

Arabic root, to know = Арабский корень, знать. ulema, from Arabic ʕulamāʔ, plural of ʕālim, wise, learned, active participle of ʕalima, to know.

*ʕly.

To ascend, become high, exalted = Вознестись, стать высоким, возвышенным.

1.aliyah, from Hebrew ʕălīyâ, ascent, from ʕālâ, to ascend.

2. from Hebrew ʕălêkem, to you, from ʕal, ʕălê, to, toward, upon (a preposition akin to ʕālâ, to ascend) + -kem, you (plural).

3. Eli, from Hebrew ʕēlî, exalted, probably short for a name meaning "God is exalted" or the like.

4. Enuma Elish (name of the Babylonian creation epic), from Akkadian enūma elîš, when on high (first words of the epic; enūma, when; see ywm), from elîš, above, on high, from elû, high, upper, verbal adjective of elû, to be high, tall + -iš, adverbial suffix.

*ʕmm.

Common Semitic noun *ʕamm-, paternal kinsman, kin, clan, people = Общесемитское существительное *ʕamm-, родственник по отцовской линии, род, клан, народ.

1a. Jeroboam, from Hebrew yārobʕām, the (divine) kinsman increased (yārob, he increased; see rbb); b. Rehoboam, from Hebrew rəḥabʕām, the (divine) kinsman has increased (rəḥab, he has increased; see rḥb). Both a and b from Hebrew ʕām, people, clan (earlier also "kinsman").

2. Ammonite, from Hebrew ʕammônî, Ammonite, from ʕammôn, Ammon, perhaps from Canaanite *ʕamm, paternal kinsman, kin..

3. Hammurabi, from Arabic ʔumma, nation, people, community, from Aramaic ʔumməṯā, from Akkadian ummatu, troop, probably from earlier *ʕammatum, feminine of *ʕamm, paternal kinsman.

4. Hammurabi, from Akkadian ḫammurāpi, from Amorite *ʕammu-rāpiʔ, the (divine) kinsman (is) a healer, from *ʕammu, kinsman (*rāpiʔ, healer; see rpʔ).

*ʕmr.

Central Semitic, to live, dwell, build; noun *ʕumr-, life = Центральносемитский, жить, обитать, строить; существительное *ʕumr-, жизнь.

1. Omri (king of Israel), from Hebrew ʕomrî, probably short for *ʕomrîyāh, my life (is) Yahweh, from ʕomrî, my life, from *ʕōmer (< *ʕumr-), life.

2a. Omar, from Arabic ʕumar, probably akin to ʕumr, life; b. imaret, from Arabic ʕimāra, building. Both a and b from Arabic ʕamara, to live, dwell, build.

*ʕms.

Central Semitic, to load, carry = Центрально-семитский, грузить, нести. Amos, from Hebrew ʕāmôs, perhaps "carried (by the divinity)" from ʕāmas, to load, carry.

*ʕqb.

West Semitic, to follow, guard, protect = Западносемитский, следовать, охранять, защищать. jack, jacket, Jacob, Jacobin, Jacquerie, James, from Hebrew yaʕăqōb, (God) has protected, from early Northwest Semitic *yaʕqub, preterite of *ʕaqaba, to follow, guard.

*ʕql.

West Semitic, to bend, bind, confine = Западносемитский, чтобы согнуть, связать, ограничить. agal, from Arabic ʕiqāl, cord for hobbling a camel, agal, from ʕaqala, to confine, hobble.

*ʕrb.

To enter, stand surety or bail for, guarantee = Входить, стоять поручителем или залогом, гарантией.

1. arbiter, from Latin arbiter, judge, from Phoenician (Punic) *ʕarb, surety, guarantee.

2. earnest2, from Greek arrabōn, from Canaanite *ʕirrabōn, pledge, surety, akin to Hebrew ʕērābôn, from *ʕaraba, to enter, stand surety for.

3. eruv, from post-Biblical Hebrew ʕêrûb, eruv, verbal noun of ʕērēb, to mix, denominative verb from Hebrew ʕēreb, mixture (perhaps < *"an entering among").

4. Arabic root form ġrb, to depart. Maghreb, Morocco, from Arabic maġrib, place where the sun sets, west, from ġaraba, to depart, set (of the sun).

*ʕrp.

Central Semitic, to reckon, know = Центрально-семитский, считать, знать. tariff, from Arabic taʕrīf, notification, infinitive of ʕarrafa, to announce, inform, derived stem of ʕarafa, to know.

*ʕrq₁.

West Semitic, to gnaw, strip. = Западносемитский, грызть, полосовать. erg 2, from Maghrebi Arabic ʕarq, ʕarg, colloquial pronunciation of Arabic ʕirq, vein, tract of sand extending along the ground (perhaps < *"something stripped off, strip, strand").

*ʕrq₂.

Arabic root, to sweat = Арабский корень-потеть. Perhaps a specialized semantic development of ʕrq1 a. arrack, arrack, raki, from Arabic ʕaraq, originally short for ʕaraq al-tamr, literally, sweat of the date (arak originally having been distilled from date wine), from ʕaraq, sweat; b. borage, probably from Arabic būʕaraq, from ʔabūʕaraq, father of sweat. Both a and b from Arabic ʕaraq, sweat, from ʕariqa, to sweat, perspire.

*ʕṣ́d.

To reap, cut = Жать, резать. alidade, from Arabic al-ʕiḍāda, the side, border, region, revolving radius of a circle, alternate form of ʕaḍud, humerus, from ʕaḍada, to lop, cut (trees).

*ʕśr.

Common Semitic *ʕaśr-, ten = Общий семитский *ʕaśr-, десять. Ashura, from Arabic ʕāšūrāʔ, the tenth of Muharram kept as a fast day by Arabs in pre-Islamic times, Ashura, ultimately (probably via Aramaic *ʕāsorā) from Hebrew ʕāśôr, a set of ten (days, etc.), decade (used in Leviticus to specify the date of Yom Kippur, the tenth of Tishri), from ʕeśer, ten.

*ʕṣr.

West Semitic, to press. restrain, retain = Западно-семитский, давить. сдерживать, удерживать.

1. Shemini Atzereth, from Hebrew ʕăṣeret, assembly, gathering, from ʕāṣar, to retain.

2. alizarin, probably from Arabic al-ʕuṣāra, the juice, from ʕaṣara, to squeeze.

*ʕṭr.

West Semitic, to smoke, burn incense = Западносемитский, курить, жечь благовония.. attar, from Arabic ʕaṭir, aromatic, from ʕaṭira, to be fragrant.

*ʕṯtr.

Common Semitic masculine noun *ʕaṯtar-, feminine *ʕaṯtart-, gods representing the morning and evening stars = Общее семитское существительное мужского рода *ʕaṯtar-, женского рода * ʕaṯtart -, боги, представляющие утренние и вечерние звезды.

1. Ashtoreth, from Hebrew ʕaštōret, taboo-deformation (with the vowels of bōšet, shame, shameful thing) of earlier *ʕašteret.

2a. Astarte, from Greek Astartē, from Phoenician *ʕaštart; b. Aphrodite, from Greek Aphrodītē, probably ultimately from Phoenician *ʕaštart, Astarte (influenced by Greek aphros, foam).

3a. Ishtar, from Akkadian ištar; b. Esther, from Hebrew ʔestēr, perhaps from Akkadian ištar, Ishtar (or from Persian sitareh, star; see ster-3 in Appendix I).

*ʕwr.

West Semitic, to be(come) blind = Западно-семитский, быть(прийти) слепым. average, from Arabic ʕawārīya, damaged goods, from ʕawār, blemish, from ʕawira, to become one-eyed, damaged.

*ʕyn.

Common Semitic noun *ʕayn-, eye = Распространенное семитское существительное *ʕayn-, глаз. ayin, from Hebrew ʕayin, eye, ayin

*ʕzz.

To be(come) strong = Быть(прийти) сильным. Azazel, ʕăzāʔzēl, name of a demon, perhaps corrupt for ʕăzaz-ʔēl, God has been strong (personal name), from ʕăzaz, reduced form of ʕāzaz, to be strong (ʔēl, God; see ʔl).

© «lexicons.ru», 2012. Автор и владелец - Игорь Константинович Гаршин (см. резюме).
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