ta, tha
is, Irish tР±, Early Irish tР±, is, tР±im, I am, Old Irish tР±u, tСѓ, sum, tР±, tР±a, est, especially attР±a (at the beginning of a sentence), est (= ad-tГўt, Latin adsto) and itР±, itР±a, "in which is": *tГўjГґ, *tГўjet, root stГў, stand; Latin stГґ, stat, stand, French Р№tР№, having been; Church Slavonic stoja@?, I stand; further English stand, Greek @Gi@`/stcmi (for @GsРЅ-sta@-mi), set, Latin sisto. See seas further.
tabaid
fight, brawl; Breton has tabut of like force; See sabaid. Cf. Scottish debate.
tР°bar
a tabor, Irish tabР±r; from the English
tabh
the sea, ocean; from Norse haf, Swed. haf, Danish hav, the open sea, Anglo-Saxon haef. From Norse also comes the Scottish (Shet.) haaf, open sea.
tР°bh
a spoon-net; from Norse hР±fr, a pock-net.
tabhach
a sudden eruption, a forcing, a pull, Irish tabhach, sudden eruption, compulsion, tobhachaim, I compel, Early Irish tobach, levying, distraint, from dobongaim: for root See buain.
tabhair
give, so Irish, Early Irish tabraim, Old Irish tabur, do, post-particle form of dobiur, now Gaelic bheir, q.v.: inf. tabhairt, so Irish See thoir.
tabhal
a sling, Irish tabhall, Early Irish taball, Welsh rafl, a cast, taflu, jacere, Cornish toula, Breton taol, a cast, blow: *taballo-, root tab, to fire, sling; cf. English stab.
tР°bhairn
an inn, tavern, Irish tabhairne; from Latin taberna, English tavern.
tachair
meet, happen, Manx taghyrt, to happen, an accident, Irish tachair, he arrived at; from to- and car, turn.
tР°charan
a ghost, yelling of a ghost, an orphan, Irish tacharР±n:
tachas
itching, scratching, Irish tochas:
tachd
choke, Irish tachdaim, Old Irish tachtad, angens. Stokes gives the root as tak and refers to it also Welsh tagu (and ystagu), choke, Cornish, Breton taga. Brugmann and Ascoli analyse tachd into to-acht, root angh, Latin ango, choke, Greek @Ga@'ghw, English anger. Root tak as in Latin tacere (Prellwitz).
tachras
winding yarn, Irish tocharais, tochardadh, Middle Irish tochartagh: *to-cert-, root qert, wind, as in ceirtle.
tadhal
frequenting, visiting, Irish tadhall, Old Irish tadal, dat. tadРЅll, inf. of taidlim, doaidlibem, visitabimus, adall, diverticulum: *to-ad-ell, form *elnГґ (Stokes), go, Middle Welsh elwyfi, iero, Cornish yllyf, eam, root ela, Latin ambulare, walk, Greek @Ge@'laСЉnw, drive, proceed; likely also French aller, go.
tadhal
goal, hail; from English hail.
tagair
plead, Irish tagair (imper.), tagraim, Early Irish tacraim, Old Irish tacre, argumentum: *to-ad-gar-, root gar, as in goir, agair.
tagh
choose, Irish toghaim, Old Irish togu, eligo, electio: *to-gusГґ, root gus, choose, taste; Latin gusto, taste; Greek @GgeСЉw, taste; English choose.
taghairm
noise, echo, a mode of divination by listening to the noise of water cascades, Irish toghairm, summons, petition, Old Irish togairm, invocatio; from to- and gairm.
taghan
the marten:
tagradh
ghost ( Suth. R.D.):
taibhs , taibhse
an apparition, ghost, Irish taibhse, vision, ghost, Middle Irish tadhbais, phantasma, Old Irish taidbse, demonstratio, tadbat, demonstrat, *tad-bat or *to-ad-bat, root bat, show, see, speak, Indo-European bhГў, bhan as in bР°n, q.v. Greek @GfР±ntasma, English phantasm, and phantom are closely allied to the Gaelic
taibid
a taunt; See teabaid.
taibse
propriety of speech: "precision", Early Irish tepe, cutting; See teabaid.
taic
support, proximity, Irish taca, prop, surety, fastening, toice, prop, wealth, tacamhuil, firm, aice, support, food, near, Middle Irish aicc, a bond, Early Irish aicce, relationship: *akki-, *pakki-, root pak, bind; Latin paciscor, agree, pax, peace; English fang, Gothic fahan, seize: Zend paГ§, bind. The root is a triplet -- pak, pag, pagh (Greek @Gpc/gnumi, make fast, Latin pango, English page, etc.). Zimmer refers Early Irish aicce to the root of agus, aig.
taidhe
attention, heed, Irish uidh, Old Irish oid, Сѓid, con-Сѓi, servat: *audi-, root av, watch, Latin aveo, desire, audeo, dare, Sanskrit av, favour (see Р°ill further). The t of Gaelic is due to the phrase "Thoir taidhe" (= thoir do aidhe) - Take thy heed: a phrase to which the word is practically restricted, and which accounts for the short vowel of the Gaelic and Irish, the sentence accent being on the verb.
taidheam
meaning, import; See oidheam.
taifeid
a bow-string:
taig
attachment, custom; cf. aig, at.
taigeis
haggis; from Scottish haggis, Old French hachis, English hash, from hack.
taighlich
chattels (Heb.); a side form of teaghlach.
tail
substance, wages, taileas, wages, Irish tР±ille, wages, Middle Irish taile, salarium, Welsh tГўl, payment, Cornish, Old Breton tal, solvit, root tal, tel, take, hold; Greek @GtР±lanton, a talent, English talent, @Gtelos, toll; Latin tollo, lift, English thole, etc.
tР°ileasg
backgammon, chess, Irish tР±ibhleis, backgammon table, back-gammon, Middle Irish taiflis, draught-board, tables, Welsh tawl-fwrdd, draught-board; from Middle English tables, backgammon, from table, Norse tafl, game, chess.
tailebart
halberd; from the English The Irish, Middle Irish is halabard, which Stokes regards as derived from the French hallebard.
taileas
wages; See tail.
tailgneachd
prophecy; for tairgneachd, q.v.
tР°ille
apprentice fee, premium (M`A., who has tР°illeabh); See tail.
tР°ille , tР°illeabh
(M`A.), consequence, air tР°ille, on account of; cf. Middle Irish a haithle, after, as a haithle sin, thereafter, Old Gaelic as Р± Р±thle, thereafter (Book of Deer), aithle, remnant.
tР°illear
a tailor, Irish tailiur, Welsh teiliwr; from the English, Middle English tailor, taylor, from French tailleur.
tailm
a tool, sling, noose, Irish tailmh, a sling, Early Irish tailm (do.), Welsh telm, laqueus, Breton talm, sling: *talksmi (Stokes); Church Slavonic tlu@uka@?, strike.
tailmrich
bustle, noise; for *tairmrith, Early Irish tairmrith, transcursus, from tairm-, cross, trans (see thar), and ruith, run.
tailp
a bundle, bunch ( Sh., O'R.):
tР°imh
death, mortality, Irish tР±imh, Early Irish tР±m, plague: *tГўmo-, death; cf. Sanskrit tР±myati, choke, Church Slavonic tomiti, vexare. Cf., however, tР°mh, rest.
taimhlisg
traduce (Carm.):
tР°in
cattle, drove, Irish tР±in, cattle, spoil, Early Irish tР±in: *to-ag-ni, root ag, drive, Latin ago, etc.
taing
thanks; from the English thank.
tainneamh
thaw (Arran), Manx tennue, Irish tionadh, Old Irish tinaid, evanescit, root ten as in tana. See aiteamh.
taip
a mass, Irish taip; See tap.
tР°ir
contempt, Irish tР±ir, Early Irish tР±r; for *to-shР±r; See sР°r.
tР°ir
get, obtain, come, Irish tair, come thou, Early Irish tair (do.), tair, venies; from tairicim, I arrive at, come, catch, for *to-air-ic, root ic of thig, q.v.
tairbeart
an isthmus, peninsula: *tar-bertГў, from tar (see thar, cross) and ber of beir: "cross-bringing, portage".
tairbhe
profit, so Irish, Old Irish torbe: *to-for-be, where -be comes from *bv-iГў, root bu, be (see bu).
tairbheartach
profitable, so Irish, Early Irish tairbert, yielding, giving up: *to-air-ber-, from the berb beir, bring.
tairbhein
surfeit, bloody flux (Carm.):
tairg
offer, tairgse, an offer, Irish tairgim, tairgsin, Early Irish tairgim, tharscin (dat.): *to-air-ges-, root ges, carry (Latin gero, as in agus? Ascoli compares Old Irish taircim, affero, tairciud, oblatio, tribuere, from to-ad-ro-ic, root ic of thig.
tairgneachd, tailgneachd, tairgire
prophecy, Irish tairrgire, tairgire, prophecy, promise, Old Irish tairngire, promissio: *to-air-ind-gar-iГў, root gar as in goir.
tairiosg
a saw; See tuireasg.
tairis
the dairymaid's cry to calm a cow: cf. Old Irish tairissim, sto, *to-air-sess, from sess as in seas, q.v.
tairis
kind, loving, Irish tairis, loyal, Early Irish tairisse, true, loyal: "stable", from to-air-sess, from sess, stop, stand, as in seas, q.v.
tairisgein
peat-spade; See toirsgian.
tairleas , turlas
cupboard or aumrie (Perth): Scottish tirless, lattice, wicket, French trellis.
tairm
necromancy (Sh., Old R.); See taghairm.
tР°irneanach
thunder, Irish tСѓirneach, tСѓirn; See torrunn for root, etc.
tР°irng , tarrang
a nail, Irish, Early Irish tairnge; from tarruing?
tais
soft, Irish tais, Early Irish taise, tasse, weakness: *taxi-, soft (Gaulish Taxi-magulus?), root tak, weak, melting, Greek @GtakerСѓs (do.), @Gtc/kw, melt; further Latin tabes, English thaw. Bezzenberger suggests Greek @GtР±gcnon, a melting pot, saucepan.
taisbean
reveal, Irish taisbeanaim, Early Irish taispenim, taissfenim, Old Irish asfenimm, testificor, doairfenus, exploravi; the old Gaelic root is fen, ben, which may be cognate to Greek @GfaРЅnw (see taibhse). Zeuss regarded the s as put before the b by metathesis, the word being of the same origin as taibhse.
taisdeal
a journey, taisdil (Cars.), journey (v.imp.) Irish taisdiol: *to-asdel, *ad-sod-, root sod-, as in astar.
tР°isealan , taisealan
(M`E.), saints' relics, Early Irish taisse:
taisg
deposit, store away, tasgaidh, depository, Irish taisgim, Early Irish taiscim, doroisecht-sa, id deposui: *to-ad-sec-, root seq, follow, beside, as in seach, past; the idea of the verb being "put past". (Ernault Zeit. Celt.@+2 384. segh).
taisgeal
finding of anything, taisgealach, a spy, Irish taiscealladh, spying, betraying, Middle Irish taiscelad, Old Irish taiscelaid, explorator, pl. taisceltai, do-scР№ulaim, experior; from to-scР№l-, from sgeul, story (Windisch). Hence taisgealadh, news.
taitheasg
a repartee, Irish taitheasg, aitheasg (O'Br., etc.), Old Irish taithesc, answer, aithesc, admonitio, Welsh ateb, a reply: *ati-seq, root seq, say, as in sgeul.
taitinn
pleasing, Irish taithneamhach, Middle Irish taitnemach, bright, shining, Early Irish taitnim, I shine, taitnemach, shining, Old Irish taitnem, lucina, light: *taith-tennim, to-aith-tenn, root ten of teine, fire (Windisch). Stokes (Bez.Beit.@+18, 112), divides taitnem into tait- and nem, Pictish namet, albus.
tР°l
adze, Irish, Old Irish tР±l: *to-aglo- (rather t-aglo-?), Gothic aqisi, axe, English axe (Strachan). Stokes gives a pre-Gaelic *tГўkslo, root tek, Church Slavonic tesla, axe, Latin gelum (= tex-lum), weapon, Greek @GtР№ktwn, carpenter; but tek does not appear to have a side form tГўk, and tГўkslo- would produce tР±ll (tГґkslo, Foy). But cf. Latin pГўla, spade, for root, and for phonetics Gaelic torc and Latin porcus.
tР°mh
rest, Irish tР±mh, Early Irish tР±m: *tГўmo-, root stГўm, sta, stand, English stand, station, stamina; See seas. Usually tР°mh, rest, and tР°imh, death, are referred to the same root.
tamhasg
blockhead, brownie; See amhas. For termination, cf. С‰ruisg, tannasg.
tamhladh
a gulping movement (M`D.):
tamull
a while, space of time, Irish tamall: *to-ad-melno-, from melno-, linger, Greek @GmР№llw, linger (Stokes). See mall.
tan
time, an tan, when, Irish tan, an tan, Old Irish tan, intain, intan, quum, quando: *tanГў, time; Sanskrit tan, duration, tanГў, continually. root tan, ten, extend, as in tana, q.v.
tana
thin, Irish, Old Irish tana, Cornish tanow, Breton tanaw, but Welsh teneu: *tanavo-, thin; Latin tenuis, thin, tendo, stretch; Greek @GtanaСѓs @Gtanu-, long, stretched, @GteРЅnw, stretch; English thin, German dГјnn; Church Slavonic ti@unu@uku@u; Sanskrit tanСЉ.
tР°naiste
next heir, tanist, anything second, Irish tР±naiste, lieutenant, second in command, heir apparent, Old Irish tР±naise, secundus, imthanu, alternation, innimthР±na, talionem: *to-atn-, root at of ath, "re", Sanskrit at, also *at-s-men, of Р°m, time, q.v. (Strachan). Rhys (Celt.Breton@+2, 308) suggests connection with Welsh tan, till, Latin tenus, root ten (no root tГўn?).
tancard
a tankard, Irish tancР±rd; from English
tannas, tannasg
an apparition, ghost; from the root of tana?
taobh
a side, Irish taobh, Early Irish tСѓeb, tР±ib, Old Irish tСѓib, Welsh, Cornish, Breton tu: *toibos, root steibh, sti, stiff, standing; Latin tГ®bia, shin-bone (pl.); Lithuanian staibis, post, shin-bone (pl.), staibus, strong; Greek @GstifСѓs, strong; further English stiff, Latin stipes, log.
taod
a halter, cable, hair-rope, Irish tР№ad, a rope; See teud.
taodhair
an apostate, Irish taodhaire ( Lh., O'Br.):
taodhal
frequenting; See tadhal.
taoghas
the grave:
taoig
a fit of passion ( Sh., O'R.):
taois
dough, Irish taos, Early Irish toes, Old Irish tР±is, massam, Welsh toes, Breton taos: *taisto-, *stejesto-, root staj, concrescere; Greek @GstaРЅs (g. @GstaitСѓs), dough, @GstР№ar (g. stР№a@-tos for *sta@-jatos, *sta@-jn@.tos); Latin stГ®ria, a drop.
taoitear
oversman, tutor (Sutherland, etc.); from Latin tutor, English tutor. See saoitear.
taom
pour out, empty (vb.), a jet, torrent (n.), taoim, bilge-water, Irish taomaim (taodhmaim), taodhm (n.), Early Irish tуem, a jet, taeim, sentina, Old Irish tuismiud, delivery, *to-fo-ess-sem: *to-ad-sm-men, root sem, let go, from sê, Lithuanian semiщ, draw (as water), Latin simpulum, ladle (Stokes). Cf. Old Irish teissmim, I pour out (= to-ess-sem-im). Borrowing from Norse tуmr, empty, English toom, is not to be thought of.
taom
a fit of rage, Irish taom ( O'Br., etc.), Middle Irish taem:
taosg
a pour, rush, exact full of a liquid measure, Irish taosgaim, I drain, pour out, Early Irish tСѓesca, spilling, taescaire, a baler, pumper: *to-ad-sem-sko-, root sem as in taom?
taosnadh
horseplay (R.D.):
tap
tow or wool on the distaff, forelock, "busk a hook", (Arg.), Irish tap, tapР±n; from Middle English top, tuft of hair or flax, top, Scottish tap.
tapaidh
clever, active, so Irish, Early Irish tapad, suddenness, alertness, top, sudden; from the same root as obann (Stokes).
tap-dubh
tattooo (R.D.).
taplach
a wallet, repository, Irish taplaigh; for tap-lach, from tap, tow, etc.
tarachair
augur, so Irish; for tarathar. See tora.
taraid
truncheon or staff of authority (Hend.):
taran
the ghost of an unbaptised infant ( Sh., O'R.); for tacharan?
tarbh
a bull, Irish tarbh, Early Irish tarbh, Welsh tarw, Cornish tarow, Breton taro, tarv, Gaulish tarvos: *tarvos; Latin taurus; Greek @Ggau@nros (= @GtР±rfos); Prussian tauris, buffalo, Church Slavonic turu@u, auroch. Prellwitz thinks the Celtic not allied to Greek @Gtau@nros, etc., which he refers to the root tau, tu (stГ» gives English steer).
tarcuis
also talcuis, contempt. Irish, Middle Irish tarcuisne, Early Irish tarcusul:
targair
foretell, Irish tairrghirim; See tairgneachd.
tР°rladh
it happened; See thР°rladh.
tР°rlaid
a slave, thrall; from English varlet?
tР°rmachadh
producing, originating, source, dwelling, Irish tСѓrmach, an increasing, a growing ripe for bearing, magnifying, Old Irish tСѓrmach, an increase: *to-for-mach, root mag, power (English may, might, etc.).
tР°rmachan
a ptarmigan, Irish tarmochan; English ptarmigan is hence (Skeat). Also tarman, from tarm, murmur (Carm.):
tarmachan-dР№
white butterfly (Carm.):
tР°rmus
dislike of food: *to-air-meas; See meas.
tР°rnach
thunder-clap; See tР°irneanach.
tР°rnadair
inn-keeper; from Late Latin tabernator, tavern-keeper, Latin taberna, English tabern.
tarp
a clod, lump (Sh., O'Br., etc.), Irish tarp, tarpР±n; from Norse torf, a turf, sod, English turf.
tР°rr
lower part of the belly, tail, breast, Irish tР±rr, belly, lower part of the belly, Early Irish tarr, Welsh tor, Breton tor, Old Breton tar: *tarsГў, tarmsГў; Scottish thairm, belly, gut, English tharm, German darm, bowels; Greek @GtrР±mis, tail, entrail, hip joint. Stokes gives the Celtic *targsГў, allied to Latin terbus, back.
tarrag
a nail; See tР°irng.
tarruing
pull, draw, so Irish, Early Irish tairrngim: *to-air-rengim, from Early Irish ringim, hang, tear, from reng, a nasalised form of reg, stretch (see ruighe).
tarraid
also tРёarraid, sheriff officer, tipstaff (Dial.); See earraid.
tarsuinn
transverse, across, Irish tarsna, tarsa, trasna, Middle Irish, Early Irish tarsnu, across; from tar, across (see thar), and sainn of ursainn, q.v.
tart
thirst, Irish, Old Irish tart: *tar(s)to-; English thurst, German durst, Greek @GtР№rsomai, become dry; Latin torreo, burn, tostum (*torstum), English toast; Sanskrit tarsh, thirst, Zend taresh; Indo-European ters, dry.
tartan
tartan; from English, Scottish tartan, from French tiretain, linsie-wolsie.
tartar
noise; reduplication of root tar, tor in tС‚irneanach.
tР°san
tedious discourse or scolding, Irish tasanach, tedious, slow (Lh. marks it obsolete and queries meaning):
tasdan
a shilling; from Scottish testan, testoon, a silver coin of the 16th century with Mary's head (teste) on it, the "inglis testane" being worth 8 shillings Scots, English tester, worth 6d; originally so called from the coins of Louse XII. (1500) with his head (teste, French tГЄte, head) on them.
tasgaidh
depository, a treasure: "A thasgaidh" - Thou treasure; See taisg.
tataidh
attract, attach one to oneself, tadadh (inf.), taiteadh (Perth), tame: *tad-dam, root dam of aidich.
tathaich
visit, frequent, tendency to vomit (Hend.) Irish tathuighim, Middle Irish aithigim; formed form the prep. aith, back, rather than a compound of tiagaim as in imthich, our imich (that is, *ati-tig-, go back again). Stokes prefers root at, go, formerly discussed under tР°naiste.
tathunn
barking; See tabhann.
tР№
a woman, femal, she, Irish an tРЅ, she who, an tР№, he who (O'Donovan says either means "he or she who" or "person who"), Old Irish intРЅ is(qui), indРЅ ea(quae), anРЅ id(quod): the article and the enclitic particle -РЅ, for which See nРј, and cf. tРј, he who.
tРё , tРёa
insipid, slightly fermented; from root of teas; cf. tepid.
teabaid
a taunt, repartee (Dial.), teab, a flippant person's mout (M`A.), teibidh, smart: "cutting", Early Irish tepe (to-aith-be, Stokes), a cutting, Old Irish taipe, concisio, brevitas: *tad-be (= to-ad-be), reduced root be, cut, imdibe, circumcisio, etc., root bi, bin, as in bean, touch, q.v.
teach
a house, Irish teach, Old Irish tech, teg, g. tige, Welsh ty, Cornish ti, Old Breton teg, tig, ti, now ti: *tegos, g. teges-os; Greek @GtР№gos, roof, @GstР№gw, cover; Latin tego, cover, tectum, house; English thatch, German dach; Lithuanian stГ«/giu, cover; Sanskrit sthagati, cover. See tigh for usual nom. case.
teachd
coming, arrival, Irish teachd, Old Irish techt, aditus, itio, Welsh taith, iter, Breton tiz, diligence, haste: *tiktГў, root stig, teig, as in tighinn, q.v. Some derive it from thig or tig, q.v. Hence teachdaire, messenger.
teachd
legal, lawful, Middle Irish teachta, tйchta, Old Irish tйchte, fitting, legalis, lex: *tenctio-, root, tenq, become, chance, produce, English thing, Lithuanian tenkщ, chance, befaull, Latin tempus. Dial. form deic, cha deic, q.v.
tРёachd, teuchd
silly boasting (Arg.).
teadalach
slow, dilatory:
teadhair
a tether; from Scottish, English tether, tedder, Norse tjСѓГ°r, tjor, Swedish tjuder.
teaching, so Irish, Early Irish tecosc: *to-aith-cosc-, for which See caisg.
teaghlach
family, household, so Irish, Old Irish teglach, Welsh teulu, Old Welsh telu, Cornish teilu, familia: *tego-slougo-, from the stems of tigh and sluagh. The terminations -lach from *slougo-s makes abstract collective nouns, which are used for single objects or persons; as С‚glach, young man, really "youth", or "young-people", just as "youth" is also used in English as a concrete noun - "a youth".
teallach
hearth, forge, Irish teallach, Early Irish tenlach, tellach: *tene-lach, from teine, fire, and terminal -lach (see teaghlach).
teallaid
a lust or bunchu woman (M`F.):
teamhaidh
pleasant, Irish teamhair, pleasant, Tara, Early Irish temair, delightful, omnis locus conspicuus: *stem-ri-?
teamhair
time (Suth.): Latin?
teamhall
slight swoon or stun, Irish teimheal, darkness, Old Irish temel (do.), Sanskrit tР±mas, Lithuanian tamsa, Latin tenebrae, temere, rashly.
teampull
temple, church, Irish teampoll, Old Irish tempul, Welsh teml, Cornish tempel; from Latin templum.
teanacadh
deliverance, succour, teanacas, healing: *tind-ioc, from Рјoc, heal.
teanchair
pincers, smith's thongs, Irish teanchoir, tongs, pincers, Old Irish tenchor, forceps: *ten-cor, "fire-putter", from the stem of teine, fire, and cor, seen in cuir, put.
teanga, teangadh
a tongue, Irish teanga, Old Irish tenge, gen. tengad: *tengot-, from sten@gh, sting (English sting, German stengal, stalk), which is from zdn@.@gh, from dn@.@gh, whence Latin dingua, English tongue? Stokes (Academy, Oct 1891) has compared Latin tango (so Windisch, Scot.Celt.Rev., 34). Rhys has considered the probabilities of alliance with Welsh tafod, Cornish tavot, Breton toed, older teaut (*tebГўto-) in Manx Pray.@+2, 136-7.
teann
tight, tense, near to, Irish teann, Old Irish tend, Welsh tyn, tight, stretched: *tendo-; Latin tendo, I stretch, tentus, stretched (Stokes, Rev.Celt.@+13, 12f); in any case from root ten of tana. Foy gives sten; Norse stinnr, rough, hard. Cf. Greek @GstenСѓs.
tearb
separate, Irish tearbadh (O'Cl.), severance, Middle Irish terpСЉd, Early Irish terbaim, terbud: *ter-be-, Gadelic reduced root be, cut, for which See teabaid?
tearc
scarce, rare, Irish tearc, Early Irish terc: *ter(s)qo-s, rare, root ters, dry (as in tart); Latin tesqua (= tersquo-s), deserts.
tearmann
a sanctuary, protection, so Irish, Middle Irish termain, termonn, Welsh terfyn; from Latin termo(n), terminus, end, "end of race for life by reaching church lands" or Termon landes (Ducange).
tearr
tar, Irish tearr; from Middle English terve, Norse tjara.
tРёaruinn
save, escape, tРёarnadh (inf.), Irish tearnaim, Early Irish tР№rnaim, ternam, an escape, Р№rnaim, I escape: *es-rn-, root r@.n, English run?
teas
heat, Irish teas, Old Irish tess, g. tesa, Welsh, Cornish tes, Breton tez: *testu-, for *tepstu-, root tep, burn, heat; Latin tepeo, be warm, English tepid; Church Slavonic teplo, hotly; Sanskrit tap, be hot, Zend tap, burn. See, also from tep, teine, teth. Hence teasach, fever.
teasairg
save, deliver, Irish teasargaim, Old Irish tessurc, servo, dumesurcsa, defendo me: *to-ess-arc, root ark, defend: Latin arceo, ward off; Greek @Ga@'rkР№w (do.). See adharc.
teasd
die, Irish teasdaighim, die, fail, Middle Irish, Old Irish testa, deest, fails; *to-ess-tР±, from tР±, I am. Cf., for force, Latin desum.
teasdam
I preserve, help (Carm.):
teasg
cut, cut off, Irish teasgaim, Early Irish tescaim: *to-ess-sc, root sec, cut, Latin seco, English saw.
teibideach
irresolute: "halting, failing"; cf. Irish tebim, disappoint, fail, for which See theab.
teich
flee, Irish teithim, Early Irish techim, Old Irish teichthech, vitabundus, Welsh techu, skulk, Middle Breton techet, flee: *tekô, *tekkô, flee, Indo-European root teq-, flow, run; Church Slavonic teku, a run, Lithuanian tekщ, flow; Sanskrit taki, runs, Zend taka-, course.
teididh
wild, fierce ( H.S.D.), wild fire ( M`A.):
telg
a fishing line: "a cast", from tilg, cast, Irish teilgean, casting?
teilinn
msical instrument, teilig, a chord (Carm.), Welsh telu or telyn, harp. Cf. seillean.
teilleach
a blub-cheeked fellow (Dial.); cf. meilleach.
teine
fire, Irish teine, Old Irish tene, g. tened, pl. tenti, Welsh tГўn, Cornish, Breton tan (in proper names also tanet): *tenet-, *tenos, Celtic root te, from tep, hot, as in teas, q.v. Not for *te(p)ne-, as usually said, which would give tР№ine now, nor *tepsne-, which would produce tenne now; teine-sionnachain, phosphorescence, teine-fionn, will o' the wisp (Suth.).
teinn
calamity, strait; an abstract nounn from teann.
teirig
fail, be spent, die, teireachduinn (inf.), Irish teiricim (O'Br.), Early Irish tarnic, it ended, from *tar-ic, transire (tar, across, and ic or nic of thig, thanig). Atkinson joins it with tairicim, arrive (= to-air-ic-), as in tР°ir, but the meanings scarcely suit.
teiric
hake, herring hake (Carm.):
teirinn , tРёarn
descend, Irish tearnaim, tСЉrnaim, Early Irish tairnim, Old Irish tairnnud, dejectio (= to-air-innud), from *endГґ, go, root end, ed, Indo-European ped, go (English foot, Latin pes, etc., Gaelic uidhe, q.v.).
teirisi!
the dairymaid's cry to calm a cow; See tairis.
teirm
a term, Irish tearma, earlier, tР№rma (Four Masters); from Middle English terme, from Latin terminus through French
tearmasg, tiormasg
a mistake, mischance; cf. eirmis. Here te may be for de, on the analogy of to, do.
tР№is
a musical air; See sР№ist for derivation.
teismeid
last will and testament; from Latin testamentum.
teis-meadhon
the exact or very middle; teis = to-ess, as in teasairg.
teist
testimony, Irish teisd, teist, Old Irish teist, Welsh tyst, Breton test; from Latin testis, English test, etc.
teСѓ, teСѓdh
make warm; from teС‚-, q.v. The Irish verb is teighim, inf. tР№aghadh.
teС‚-
warm, teС‚-chridheach, warm-hearted; *tepu-, Sanskrit tapus, hot, root tep as in teth. Cf. Keating's (Three Shafts, 282), teСѓ-ghrР±dhuigheas, qui ardentius amat, where Atkinson considers teСѓ a comparative.
teС‚m
a doel (Carm.):
teС‚ma
skilful, expert, teС‚m, cunning (Carm.):
teth
hot, Irish teith, comp. teotha (Gaelic and Irish), Middle Irish te, comp. teou: *teps (?), root tep, hot, as in teas. The Old Irish is tee, tР№, fervidus, pl. tР№it, from *tepents, g. *tepentos, Latin tepens.
teuchd
congeal, be parched, Irish teuchdaim, curdle, coagulate, Middle Irish tР№chtaige, frozen, Old Irish coiteichtea, concretionis: *tenkto-, from Indo-European tenq, firm, fast; English tight, German dicht, close.
teud
a string, Irish teud, tР№ad, Old Irish tР№t, fidis, Welsh tant: tn@.tГў, chord; Sanskrit tГўntu, tР±nti, cord: root ten, stretch, thin, as in tana.
teugmhail
battle, contest, disease, Irish teagmhР±il, a meeting, retribution: *to-ex-com-dhР±il, See cС‚mhdhail. In the sense of "disease", See eucail.
teum
a bite, sudden snatch, wound, Early Irish temm, Welsh tam, a bite Cornish tam, pl. tymmyn, Breton tamm: *tendmen, root tend, cut; Latin tondeo, shear, tineo, a worm; Greek @GtР№ndw, gnaw; Church Slavonic te@?ti, caedere.
thР°
is; See tР°. The aspiration is due to the use of tР° in relative sentences, where the t is intervocalic.
thР°inig
came, Irish thР±naic, thР±inig, ve@-nit, Old Irish tР±nic, rР±nic, ve@-nit, tГўnac, ve@-ni: *ananka, I have come - a reduplicated perfect; Sanskrit Гўnamca, has reached; Greek @Gc@'/negke, brought: root enk, nak (nank), attain, bring, for which See thig. The aspiration is due to the analogy of other perfects which follow do.
thairis
over, across, Irish tairis, Early Irish tairis, over it, him; from tar ( thar) and sР№ or Р№, he, it. The aspiration is, due to a suppressed, or supposed suppressed, do or a.
thall
over, beyond, Irish thall, Old Irish thall, tall: *t-all, Old Irish ol, quam, indoll, altarach, ultra, al, ultra; root ol, el, ol, Latin ille (= olle), alius. Also eile, other, which see. The form thallad stands for thall-ud.
thalla
come, come along, "age", thallaibh (pl.), Early Irish tallaim, take away, *talnГґ, root tel, bear (see tlР°th, tail, etc.). Also interjection: thalla! thalla! well! well!
thar
across, Irish tar, Old Irish tar, dar, Welsh tra-, over, trach, beyond, root ter, through, past, Latin trans, terminus; Sanskrit tar-, pass; Indo-European ter, pass through, bore. See tora, troimh.
thР°rladh
accidit, Irish tarla, Early Irish dorala, dorla, Old Irish tarla: *to-ro-la, the la being the remains of root plu, as in dol (Ascoli).
theab
nearly did (with inf.), Irish do theib sР№, he failed (O'Br.): "grazed" it, from *tebb, graze, cut, as in teabaid?
theagamh
mayhap, perhaps, Old Irish tecmaing, accidit, tecmang, eventus, do-Р№-cm-aingim, accido, for *to-ex-com-ang, root ang, near, as in cumhang, q.v. Meyer takes Old Irish ecmaing from ad-com-bangim, bang root of buain. It has also been referred to root mang, mag, English may, etc.
thР№id
will go, Irish tР№id, goes, Old Irish tР№it, venit, it: *to-Р№it, *entГґ, *pentГґ, go, reach, root pet, pent, go, fly, fall; Latin pet, seek, "fall on"; Greek @GpРЅptw, fall; Gothic finГѕan, English find.
their
will say; See deir.
thig
will come, Irish tigim, come, Early Irish tic, ticc, venit, Old Irish ticfa, veniet: *tСѓ-icc, from icc, *enkГґ, come, reach, root enk, nak, nank, attain, bring; Greek @Gc@'/negka, brought (= Gaelic thР°inig), a reduplicated perf. from @Gegk; Sanskrit a@-namГ§a, attained; further nank of adhlac and Latin nanciscor.
thoir
give, Gaelic, Irish tabhair, give thou, q.v. The Gaelic is for toir, a crushed form of tabhair, and this is aspirated on the analogy of bheir, gheibh, and especially of thug, its past tense.
thud
an interjection of dislike or impatience: Scottish hoot, hoot-hoot, Swed. hut, whence English hoot. The Gaelic is borrowed.
thug
bave, brought, Irish thug, thugas (1st pers.), Early Irish tuc, tucas, do-fuc, from uc, ucc, *ud-ge, from s- aorist *e-ges-s-t, *e-ges-s-m, root ges, carry, Latin gero, gessi (Zimmer, Zeit.@+30 156-7); whence also Welsh dug, he bore, Cornish duk, Breton dougas.
thugad, thugaibh, thuige, thun
to thee, to you, to him; for chugad, etc., q.v. Similarly thun is for chun, gun, gu, q.v thun with gen. is for chum.
tРј
any one, person, Irish tРЅ, person, an tРЅ, an tР№; See tР№, nРј.
tРј
intention, Irish, Early Irish tРЅ; ar ti = intends (Glenmassan MS.):
tiadhan
a little hill, small stone, Irish tРЅadhan, a stone, testicle:
tiamhaidh
gloomy, lonesome, Irish tiamdha, dark (O'Cl.), Early Irish tiamda, dark, afraid:
tiarmail
prudent; cf. tРјorail.
tibirt
fountains (Uist; Hend.); See ++tiobart.
tРјde
time; from Icel. tРЅГ°, Scottish, English tide, Anglo-Saxon tРЅd, German zeit.
tigh
(for taigh), a house, Irish tigh, Old Irish teg, tech; See teach.
tighearn , tighearna
lord, master, Irish tighearna, Old Irish tigerne, Welsh teyrn, Old Welsh -tigern, Cornish teern, Old British tigernus: *tegerno-s, tegernio-s, root teg of tigh, q.v.
tighil
call when passing (M`A.); the t being as in tigh, the word seems a variant of tadhal.
tighinn
coming, Irish tighim, I come, Early Irish tiagaim, Old Irish tiagu, tРЅchtu (tРЅchtin), adventus: *tigГґ, *teigГґ, from root stei@gh, sti@gh, go; Greek @GsteРЅhw, walk; Gothic steigan, ascend, German steigen, English stair: Sanskrit stighnute, stride.
tilg
cast, cast out, vomit, Irish teilgim, Old Irish teilcim: to-es-leic, "let out", from the original of Gaelic leig, let, q.v.
till, pill
return, Irish tillim (Keating), fillim, pillim (O'Br.) (Ulster has till): *svelni-, turn round, Welsh chwylo, turn, revolve, chwyl, a turn, course, while (for which See Gaelic seal). Cf. fill.
tРјm
time; from the English
timchioll
around, a circuit, so Irish, Old Irish timchell: *to-imm-cell, from Indo-European qel, move, go; Latin colo, tend, celer, swift; Greek @Gpelomai, go, be, @Ga@'mfРЅpolos, attendant; Sanskrit cР±rГўmi, move, go. See buachaill.
tinn
sick, Irish tinn, Early Irish tind: *tenni-, root ten of tana, teann, teinn. Cf. Old Irish tinaim, evanesco, Latin attenuo, English attenuate.
tinne
a chain, link, piece of a column, Middle Irish tinne, flitch, Early Irish tinde, ring, link, bar, Old Irish tinne, chalybs; from the root ten of tana. Cf. Norse Гѕind, diaphragm.
tioba
a heap (Arg.); from English heap or Gaelic iob?
++tiobart
a well, Old Gaelic tiprat (gen., Book of Deer), Irish tiobar, tiobrad, Early Irish tipra, d. tiprait, *to-aith-brevant-, Celtic verb *bervГґ, seethe, boil; Greek @GfrР№ar, @GfrР№atos, a well; German brunnen, English burn. See tobar.
tiodhlac
a gift, Irish tiodhlacadh, Early Irish tidnacul, Old Irish tindnacul, traditio, do-ind-naich, distribuit: to-ind-nank-, root nank, bring, get, Latin nanciscor, obtain; also root enk as in thig, q.v. Hence also tiodhlaic, bury, and adhlac, q.v.
tiolam
a short space, a snatch:
tiolp
snatch, grasp eagerly, Irish tiolpaim:
tiom
soft, timid, Gaelic tioma, tenderness, Irish time, fear, Early Irish tim, soft, timid, timme, fear: *temmi-, root tem, faint, Latin timeo, fear, English timid; Sanskrit tam, to faint, Zend tam, perish.
tiomnadh
a will or testament, Irish tiomna, Old Irish timne: *to-imm-ne, the n of ne being the remains of -Гўn-, mandare, mittere (Ascoli); cf. Old Irish adroni, deposuit, immerР±ni, delegavit, Gaelic Р°ithne, command, q.v.
tiompan
a musical instrument - a cymbal, Irish tiompбn, tabor, cymbal, drum, Early Irish tiompan, a small stringed instrument; from Latin tympanum, a timbrel, drum (Windisch). The difference of meaning between Early Irish and Latin has caused some to doubt the connection; and Stokes gives the Celtic root as temppu-, a chord or string, Lithuanian tempiщ, stretch, Church Slavonic te@?etiva, chorda.
tiomsach
collecting, bringing together, Irish tiomsughadh, Early Irish timmsugud: *to-imm-sag-, root sag as in ionnsuidh, q.v.
tionail
gather, Irish tionСѓlaim, Old Irish tinСѓlaim, tinolaim, do-in-ola, applicat: *to-in-o@-la-im, where o@-la is referred by Stokes to *oklo-, *polko-, joining, uniting, Ger fГјgen, to fit, fГјge, joint; Latin paciscor, bargain, bind; Sanskrit pa@-/Г§as, a knot, Zend paГ§, bind. Ascoli regards it as *to-in-od-lu, root lu, plu of dol, but *od-lu- would rather mean "go out", "go off". Welsh cynull, gathering, Cornish cuntell, Old Breton contullet, are, according to Ernault, borrowed from Latin contuli.
tionnail
likeness of any person or thing: *t-ionnail, from ionnan, like.
tionndadh
turning, Irish tiontodh, Old Irish tintuith, g. tintuda tintathigh, interpretes: *to-ind-sout-, root su of iompaidh, q.v.
tionnscainn
a beginning, devising, tionnsgal, ingenuity, Irish tionnscnadh, a beginning, device, plotting, tionsgiodal, managing, industry, Old Irish tinscnaim (= to-ind-scannaim), I begin, tindscetal, a beginning, root sqend, start, spring, Latin scando, ascend, Sanskrit skandati, hurry, spring. The Welsh has cy-chwyn, ortus (*sqenГґ). The form -scetal is for sqen-t- (?).
tiop
pilfer (M`A.); cf. tiolp.
tРјor
dry (as corn), kiln-dry, Irish tiortha, kiln-dried (Con.), Middle Irish tРЅrad, kiln-drying, Early Irish tРЅr, to dry; from the root of tioram (Old Irish tРЅrim).
tРјorail
warm, cosy, sheltered, Irish tРЅoramhuil, cosy; Welsh tirion, pleasant, a familiar abject; cf. Irish tРЅoramhuil, tРЅorthamhuil, homely, national, from tРЅr. Dr Cameron regarded it as taken from the root of tioram, which is ultimatley the same as that of tРјr. Borrowing from English cheerful is unlikely.
tioram
dry, Irish tirim, Middle Irish tirimm, Old Irish tРЅrim, tРЅr (vb.): *tersmi-, root ters, dry, as in tart, q.v. See also tРјr for phonetics.
tiorc
save, deliver from peril: *t-erc-, *to-arki-, root ark of teasairg, q.v.
tiort
an accident:
tiosan
water-gruel; from English ptisan, Latin ptisana, barley water, from Greek @GptisР±nc.
tiot , tiota
tiotan, a moment, while; cf. Irish giota, something small, jot, appendage, from Latin iota, whence English jot. Gaelic is t-iot.
tРјr
land, earth, Irish, Old Irish tРЅr, Welsh, Cornish, Breton tir, tellus, la terre: *tГЄros (*tГЄres-); Latin terra (*tersГў), Oscan teerum, territorium. The further root is ters, be dry, as in tart; the idea of tРЅr, terrГў, is "dry land" opposed to sea.
tit
an interjection expressive of wet being perceived suddenly (H.S.D.): English chut?
tiugainn
come, let us go; from deaspirated thugainn, "to us", for chugainn, q.v.
tiugh
thick, Irish tiugh, Early Irish tiug, Welsh tew, Old Welsh teu, obtuso, Cornish tew, Breton teu: *tegu-, thick; English thick, Norse Гѕykkr, German dick; Greek @GstegnСѓs, fast, tight.
tiurr
a beach out of reach of the sea; for an t-iurr, from Norse eyrr, a gravelly bank by a river or a promontory, Swed Г¶r, Danish Г¶rr. tiur, mark of sea on shore, tear, stamp (Carm.).
tlachd
pleasure, so Irish, Middle Irish tlacht: tl@.-ko-, "willing", from toil, will, q.v. Old Irish todlugud, petitio, tothlaigim, I desire, is from *tloq-, of altach.
tlР°m
teaze (wool), handful of wool. Strachan and Stokes give the stem as *tlagm (read tlГўg-s-m-) allied to German flocke, flock of wool, English flock.
tlus
pity, tenderness, Middle Irish tlusach, wealthy, Welsh tlws, jewel (Stokes), Early Irish tlus (S.n.R.); from root tl@., tel of tlР°th, q.v.
tnщth
envy, Irish, Early Irish tnСЉth; from the root ten, stretch: "grasping"?
to-, do-
verbal prefix = to, ad, Irish, Old Irish to-, do-. Stokes compares Gothic du- to, from Гѕu (?). Welsh has du-, dy-, y, Cornish dhi, Breton do, da.
tС‚bairt
flux, diarrh@oea spasms: to-fo-od-ber-t, root ber of beir.
toban
wreath of wool or flax on a distaff; from Scottish tappin.
tobar
a well, Irish tobar, Old Irish topur, fons: *to-od-bur, root bhur, bhru, to well, boil; Greek @GfСЉrw, mix; Latin ferveo, well, English fervid; Sanskrit bhur, move quickly: further See root bhru in bruith, and bhrev in tiobar. Some have referred tobar to the root ber of inbhir, abar ( obair).
tobha
a rope, from Scottish tow, rope, English tow, pull, Norse tog, rope, Latin duco.
tobhta, tota
turf, roofless walls, knoll; from Norse toft, topt, a clearing, a space enclosed by roofless walls, English toft, tuft, and top.
tobhta, tota
a rower's bend; from Norse Гѕopta.
toch
hough or thigh of an animal: *t-hoch, from the Scottish hough.
tochail
dig, Irish tochuilim, tochlaim: *to-cladh; See cladh.
tochar , tochradh
dowry, Irish tochar, Middle Irish tocra, (acc.); cf. Old Irish tochur, placing, from cuir, put. The idea is "something assigned to one". Hence Scottish tocher.
tС‚chd , tС‚ch
an unpleasant smell, tС‚char or tР°char, dense volume of smoke (Arg.); root stou, as in toth.
tС‚chd
a disease of the eye in cattle; cf. Scottish hock (H.S.D.).
++tochmharc
a wooing, so Irish, Old Irish tochmarc: *to-com-arc; See for root iomchorc.
tocsaid
a hogshead; from the English
todan
small tuft of wool (Lewis); Norse toddi, a tod of wool. So Badenoch.
todhar
manure, a bleaching, seaweed for manure, Irish tuar, a bleach-green, tuarachan, a bleacher:
todhlair
mastiff, better tobhlair:
tog
raise, togail, liftin, Irish tСѓgaim, tСѓgbhail, Early Irish tСѓcbaim: *to-od-gab-im-, from gab, gabh, take, q.v.
togair
desire, Irish togairim, please, choose, Gaelic inf. togradh, Irish togra: *to-od-gar, root gar of goir.
toghaidh
attention, care (H.S.D.); a variant of taidhe.
toghlainn
exhalation (M`A.); cf. tС‚ch.
toithbheum
reproach, blasphemy, Irish toibhР№im, blemish, reproach, Early Irish toibeim: *to-bР№im, from bР№im, that is, beum, q.v.
toic
wealth, riches, Irish toice; cf. taic.
tС‚ic
a swelling, a puffed up state of the face:
tС‚iceil
purse-proud; from tС‚ic.
toichiosdal
arrogance (Sh., O'Br.); See tostal.
toigh
agreeable, cordi (mihi est), docha, preferable, is docha leam, I prefer, Old Irish toich, acceptus, tochu, acceptior: *to-gus-, root gus, choose, as inn tagh. It has also been analysed as *do- sech, or *do-fech, roots seq, veq? Stokes derives this from *togi-s, root tag, take, Latin tango, etc.
toil
will, Irish toil, Old Irish tol: *tolГў, root tel, take, lift, endure; Latin tollo, tolero; English thole, tolerate, etc. See tlachd, tlР°th.
toill
deserve, Irish tuillim, Old Irish tuillim, atroilli, asroille, meruit, later do-sli, meruit, from sli (Thurneysen, Strachan).
toimhseachan
a riddle, Irish toimseachР±n, a riddle, measure; from tomhas, q.v.
toimhsean
good sense, toimhseil, sensible (Suth.); from tomhas.
toinisg
understanding:
toinn
twist; from Norse tvinna, twinne, twist thread, English twine.
toinneamh
the miller's share of meal for grinding (S. Argyle):
tС‚ir, tС‚rachd
pursuit, Irish, Early Irish tСѓir, Irish tСѓruigheachd, tСѓireacht: *to-fo-racht, root reg of Р№irich. Rhys agrees. Cf. Old Irish toracht, successus, processus (= to-racht), tРЅarmСѓracht, pursuit (*to-iarm-fo-racht). From Irish tСѓruighe, pursuer, comes English Tory.
toirbheart
efficiency, bounty, Irish toirbheart, gift, munificence; See tairbheartach for the roots.
tС‚irleum
a mighty leap; cf. Early Irish tairlingim, jump out of, jump off, alight, turlaim (inf.): *to-air-ling-, for which See leum. Hence tС‚irlinn, alight (M`A.).
toirm
a noise, Irish toirm, tormР±n, Early Irish toirm, tairm: *tor-s-men, root tor of torrunn. Cf. Welsh twrf, tyrfan, tumult, Lithuanian tarme@?, declaration. Cf. seirm, foirm.
toirmisg
forbid, so Irish, Middle Irish tairmiscim, prohibit, hinder: *tarmi-sc, from tarmi, the composition form of tar, across, and sc or sec, say, as in caisg.
toirn, toirne
a great noise, sound, Irish tСѓirn; root tor of torrunn.
toirnichte
foetid, "high" (Wh.):
toirp
a sod (M`A.); from Norse torf, English turf.
toirrcheas
conception (Bible):
toirsgian
a peat-cutting spade, toirpsgian (M`A.); a hybrid from Norse torf, turf, peat, and Gaelic sgian. Cf. Norse torf-skeri, peat-cutter.
the beginning, front, Irish tosach, Old Irish tossach, initium. See tС‚iseach.
tС‚iseach
a beginning, a chief, Irish toiseach, a captain, Old Irish tуisech, praestans, leader, Welsh tywysog, dux, princeps, Welsh Ogmic tofisac and tovisaci (Latin): *to-vessiko-s, root ved, lead, bring; Lithuanian wedщ, lead, Church Slavonic veda@?, duco; Zend vбdhayeiti, bring, lead. Old Irish has also do-fedim, I lead.
toisg
an occasion, opportunity, Irish toisg, circumstances, state, journey, business, Middle Irish toisc, business, Old Irish toisc, necessity: *to-sech, root seq, follow, as in seach.
toisgeal
the left, unlucky:
toisgeal
reward for finding a lost thing; See taisgeal.
toit
smoke, fume, Irish tСѓit, Middle Irish tutt, smoke: *tutto-, root tu, stu, English steam? See toth.
toitean
a little heap; from English tuft. In the sense of "piece of flesh", Irish tСѓiteР±n, this is from tСѓit, roast, smoke (see toit), scarcely to be derived from French tГґt, hastily roasted, from Latin tostus.
tolg, tulg
a hollow in metal, dent, Irish tolc, hole, crevice, Early Irish tolc, Welsh tolc. Rhys says Welsh is borrowed.
tolm
a hillock of round form; from Norse hСѓlmr, a holm, islet, "inch", Scottish holm, English holm, Anglo-Saxon holm, mound, billow, German holm, hill.
tom
a hillock, Irish tom, Middle Irish tomm, Welsh tom, Breton das-tum, to heap: *tumbo-, hillock; Greek @GtСЉmbos, cairn, mound, English tomb; Sanskrit tunga, high, hight; further Latin tumulus. Welsh tom has been regarded as from the English tomb. But stom, Sanskrit stamba, "busch".
tomad , tomult
bulk; See somalta.
tomh
offer, threaten, Middle Irish tomaithim, Old Irish tomad, g. tomtho, minationes: *to-mat-, root mat, throw, Lithuanian metщ, throw.
tomhas
measure, so Irish, Old Irish tomus: *to-mus, where mus (*messu-) comes from root met, mГЄ, measure; Latin mГЄtior, mensus, English measure; Greek @GmР№tron, a measure. Allied is Gaelic meas, q.v.
tomult
bulk; also tomad. Cf. somalta, large, bulky:
tС‚n
anus, Irish, Early Irish tСѓn, Welsh tin: *tuknГў, tГ»kno- (Welsh), root teuk, Anglo-Saxon ГѕeСѓh, English thigh, Teutonic *theuha- (Strachan, ATokes); from root tu, swell.
tonn
a wave, Irish, Early Irish tond, Old Irish tonn, Welsh, Cornish ton, Breton tonn: *tunnГў, root tu, swell; Lithuanian tvanas, a flood, tvinti, swell; further Latin tumeo, swell, English thumb. Stokes gives the Celtic as *tundГў, Anglo-Saxon ГѕeСѓtan, howl, Norse ГѕjСѓta, whistle (as the wind, etc.). Some have correlated it with Latin tundo, beat, root tund, tud, Sanskrit tud-, push.
++tonn
++toinnte, skin, Irish tonn, hide, skin, Early Irish tonn, skin, surface, Welsh tonn, cutis, Breton tonnenn, rind, surface, hair of the head: tunnГў, skin, hide, whence possibly Low Latin (9th cent.) tunna, a cask, "wine-skin", now English ton.
tonnag
a wonam's shawl or plaid; from Latin tunica. Cf. Middle Irish tonach, tunic.
tora
augur, Irish tarachair, Early Irish tarathar, Old Cornish tarater, Welsh taradr, Breton tarazr, tarar: *taratro-; Greek @GtР№retron; Latin terebra: root ter, through, as in thar.
toradh
produce, fruit, so Irish, Old Irish torad: *to-rad, from *rato-, root rat, ra, give, as in rath, q.v.
toranach
grub-worm, Irish torain, corn maggots (O'Br.), torР±n (Con., etc.); from tor, bore, as in tora?
torc
a boar, Irish, Old Irish torc, Welsh twrch, cor. torch, Breton tourc'h, Old Breton turch: *t-orko-s, from *orko-, in uircean, q.v.: Indo-European porko-s, swine, Latin porcus, Lithuanian parsza-s, English farrow. Stokes gives Celtic as *torko-s, Jubainvill as *turco-s.
torc
a cleft, notch (Carm.):
torcan
species of bere, biforked corrot, Irish turcan? (Carm.):
torchar
a fall, killing, torchuir (vb.), Irish torchair, fell, Old Irish torchar, I fell, doro-chair, cecidit, ara-chrinim, difficiscor, root ker, Sanskrit Г§ar, break to pieces, Г§r@.na@-/mi, break; See crРјon.
torghan
a purling sound; from tor of torrunn.
tС‚rr
a hill of conic form, heap, castle, Irish tor, tower, castle, crest, Early Irish tor, tuir, d. turid, a tower, Welsh twr, Cornish tur, Breton tour: *turi-, *turet-, Indo-European root tver, hold, enclose, Latin turris, Greek @GtСЉrsis, tower. Some hold that the Celtic is borrowed from Latin Gaelic tС‚rr, with rr, is possibly for torth (cf. *turet-). It also means "crowd" in Gaelic and Early Irish, and "heap" also in Welsh
torrach
pregnant, Irish torrach, pregnant, fruitful, Early Irish torrach: *torth-aco-, from *torato-, toradh, fruit, q.v. Welsh torwy big-bellied, has been compared, from tor, belly, Gaelic tР°rr.
tС‚rradh
(torradh, H.S.D.), burial, funeral solemnities, Irish tСѓrradh, watching or waking of the dead, Early Irish torroma, attending, watching:
torrunn
thunder, Irish toran, a great noise, Early Irish torand, thunder, Welsh tarann, Cornish taran, tonitruum: *toranno-s; Greek @GtСѓros, sound; Lithuanian tР°rti, say. Gaulish Taranis, the Gaulish Jove or Thor, and Gaelic tР°irneanach show an a grade of the root.
tosd
silence, so Irish, Old Irish tost: *tusto-, root tus, teus, whence Early Irish tСѓ, tua, silent; Old Prussian tussГ®se, silet, Ch.Slavonic tichu, silent; Sanskrit tush, silere, tushnГ®m, silently. tС‚s, calm = clos (Hend.).
tosg
a tusk; from the English
tosg
a hack, gash, dent (Wh.):
tosg
a peat-cutter (Dial.); from Scottish tusk in tusk-spawd (Banff), tuskar (Ork. and Sh.), tusk, cut peats. Cf. Shet. tushker, from Norse torfskeri, turf-cutter.
tosgair
an ambassador or post, Irish toisg, a journey, business. See toisg.
tostal
arrogance, Irish tСѓsdal, toichiosdal ( O'Br.), Old Irish tochossol, violation: *to-con-sal, from sal, leap (see tuisleadh)? Also toichiosdal.
tota
rower's bench, turf; See tobhta.
toth
a foul blast of vapour, also stoth, q.v.; See toit for root.
trabhach
(trР°bhach, M`F.), rubbish cast ashore, the grass fiorin; from trР°igh? Cf., however, drabhas. trР°ibheanach, bedraggled fellow (R.D.). Cf. Scottish drab.
trabhailt
mill-hopper (M`A.); possibly from Latin trabula.
trachdadh
negotiation, proposal, so Irish; from Latin tracto, treat.
trachladh
fatique; from Scottish trachle, draggle, fatiguing exertion.
tradh
a lance, fishing spear, Irish tradh, lance, treagh, spear; from the root tar, tra (see thar), through, Latin trГўgula, a dart.
trР°igh
the shore, Irish trР±igh, Early Irish trР±ig: *trГўgi-; See traogh.
trР°ill
a slave, Irish traill (O'Br.), Middle Irish trР±ill (not well known to glossographers); from Norse Гѕraell, English thrall.
traod
one wasting away with sickness (Hend.); cf. Irish (Keat. traothaim, wear out, am weary.
traogh
ebb, Irish trР±ighim, traoghaim, Early Irish trР±gim, Welsh treio, ebb, trai, ebb-tide, traeth, shore: *trГўgГґ, from trГўg, Indo-European tragh, draw, Latin traho, etc.; See troidh for root.
traona
the corncrake, Irish traona; See trРёan-ri-trРёan.
trapan
a cluster, Irish trapР±n:
trasd
across, trasdan, cross beam, crozier, Old Irish trost, trabs, from tar, tra of thar. Cf. Welsh trawst, rafter, which Stokes and Loth think to be borrowed from Latin transtrum, as also Old Irish trost mentioned above. Scottish has trast or trest, beam, from early French traste, Latin transtrum.
trasg
a fast, Irish trosgadh, Old Irish troscud: *truskГґ, *trud-skГґ, root trud, distress, burden, Latin trГ»do, push, English threaten. See trod, trom.
trР°th
time, season, Irish, Early Irish trР±th: *trГўtu-, root tra, tar, through (see thar). Cf. Welsh tro, turn, time, Breton tro, occasion, round; English turn.
tre
through, Irish trР№, tre, Early Irish trР№, tria, tri, Old Irish tri, trРЅ, tre, Old Welsh troi, now trwy, Cornish, Breton dre, Old Breton tre, dre: *trei, *tri, root ter, pass over, through; Latin trans, across; Sanskrit tirР±s, through, over, Zend tarГґ (do.). See the root in thar, tora, troimh; also in English through.
treabh
plough, till, Irish treabhaim, Early Irish trebaim, inhabit, cultivate, treb, a dwelling, Welsh tref, homestead, Old Welsh, Old Breton treb: *trebo-, a house; Latin tribus, trebus, a tribe, English tribe; English thorp; Lithuanian trobР°, dwelling, building. Hence treabhair, houses, treibhireach, prudent.
treabha
a thrave; from Norse Гѕrefi, English thrave.
treachail
dig, treachladh (1) digging (2) fatiguing: *tre-clad; for (1) See cladh and cf. tochail; from (2) cf. Scottish trachle.
treaghaid
a darting pain, stitch, Irish treagh(d)aim, I pierce through, Middle Irish treghat, pangs, smart, treaglad, transpiercing; Irish treagh, a spear: "piercing". See tradh.
trealaich
lumber, trash, Irish trealamh, lumber, apparel, instruments, Early Irish trelam, weapons, furniture, apparel: *tre-lam; for lam, See ullamh.
trealais
the spleen (M`F.):
trРёalamh
indisposition (M`F.):
trealbhaidh
adult, grown-up (M`A. for Islay):
treall , treallan
a short space or time, Irish treall, Middle Irish trell, root ter, through, English thrill, pierce.
trРёan-ri-trРёan
corn-crake, Irish traona:
treann
cut (Carm.):
treas
third, Irish treas, Old Irish tress: *tristo-, from tris, thrice, Greek @GtrРЅs, Sanskrit tris, root tri of tri, three. Welsh trydydd, third, is for *tritijo-s.
++treas
battle, skirmish, Irish treas, Early Irish tress. For root, cf. treasa. Welsh has trГ®n, battle, bustle, treis, violence.
treasa
stronger, Irish treas, strong, treise, stronger, Old Irish tressa, Welsh trech, fortior, Breton trec'h: *treksjГґs, fortior, root treg, streg, sterg, strong, English stark, Lithuanian stre@?gti, stiffen, Persian suturg (*str@.g), strong. Stokes refers it to the root treg, trag, draw, leap, as in troigh, traogh. See treun further; treasa is its comparative really.
treasdach
thorough-paced (of a horse); cf. Irish trosdР±n, a pace, jump; root treg, draw, walk, as in troigh.
treubh
a tribe; from Latin tri@ubus, a tribe. See treabh.
treubhach
valorous, strenuous, treubhantas, bravery; for *treuntas, from which treubhach is deduced. M`Kinnon (Gael.Soc.Tr.@+13, 341) refers it to treubh, tribe.
treud
flock, herd, Irish trР№ad, treud, Early Irish trР№t: *trento-, root trem, Latin turma, troop, Anglo-Saxon Гѕruma, heap, company (Strachan, Stokes). Windisch has compared Greek @GstratСѓs (*strn@.tos) to treud.
treun
brave, Irish treun, Old Irish trР№n, fortis, Welsh tren, strenuous, force: *tregno-, root treg of treasa, q.v. Stokes gives the Celtic as *treksno-, which would produce *tresno-, modern treann.
tri
three, Irish, Old Irish treРЅ, Welsh tri, Cornish try, Breton tri: *treis; Latin trГЄs (*trei-es); Greek @Gtrei@ns; Gothic Гѕreis, English three; Lithuanian try/s; Sanskrit trР±yas.
triall
going, journey, Irish trРЅall, Early Irish triall: *tri-all, "go-through", root ell of tadhal?
trian
third part, a third, Irish, Early Irish trРЅan, Welsh traian: *treisano-; See treas, tri.
triath
lord, chief, Early Irish trРЅath: *treito-s. Stokes compares Latin trГ®tavus, strГ®tavus, ancestor in the 6th degree.
tric
frequent, often, Irish tric, Early Irish trice: *trekki-, root treg of troigh (Stokes, Strachan).
trid, trРјd
through, by, Irish trРЅd, Early Irish trРЅt, per eum, id: *trei-t, from root trei of tre, through; the final -t is the demonstrative pron. to (English that, Greek @Gto); a pron. *em-ti, *en-ti (Stokes).
trРјd
rag, clout, stitch; "Cha'n 'eil trРјd air":
trileanta
thrilling, quavering; cf. Early Irish trРЅlech, song, Old Irish trРЅrech, song of birds. Cf. English trill, Italian trillare, Sp. trinar: an initiative word, English thrill is from the root tre, ter ( See tora), "piercing", which may also be the ultimate origin of the Gaelic words.
++trilis
locks of hair, Irish trilis (obs.), Early Irish triliss; cf. English tress, from Latin tricia, trica, plait, Greek @GtrРЅha, in three parts, root tri, three.
trill
sand plover (Heb., Miss Freer):
trРјlleachan, trРјleachan
(drilleachan, M`A.), the pied oyster-catcher, sea-piet:
trillsean
(drillsean, M`A.), lantern, rush-light, a glimmer, Irish triliseР±n, torch, lantern, earlier trilsen, facula, trillsech, sparkling: "piercing", from tre, ter, as in trileanta?
trinnseir
a plate, trencher, Irish trinsiur; from English trencher.
trioblaid
trouble, tribulation, Irish trioblСѓid, Early Irish trР№blait; from Latin tribulatio, English tribulation.
triobuail
vibrate, quiver; from English tremble?
trionaid
a trinity, Irish trРЅonСѓid, trРЅonoid, Early Irish trРЅnСѓit, Old Irish trindСѓit; from Latin trinitГўt-, trinitas, a trinity, from tres, three. The Gadelic is developed from *trin(i)tГўti-.
treubhas
trews, trousers, Irish triСЉs, Middle Irish tribus, Old Irish trebus, breeches, Late Latin tubrucus (Isidor), tribuces (Du Cange), "thigh breeches" (D' Arbois); from Scottish trews, English trooze, trouses, now trousers, trunkhose.
triщcair
a rascal; from Scottish truker, trukier, a deceitful person, from Old French tricher, to trick, allied to English trick.
triuchan
a stripe of distinguishing colours in tartan:
triuthach , triuth
( M`F.), hooping cough, triogh ( M`A.), a fit of laughing or coughing, Irish triuch, trioch: root pster of sreothart?
trobhad
come thou hither to me; opposite of thugad: *to-ro'-ad, *to-romh-t, "to before you"?
trС‚cair
mercy, Irish, Old Irish trСѓcaire, Welsh trugaredd, Cornish tregereth, Middle Breton trugarez, Old Welsh trucarauc, merciful: *trougo-karja, "loving of the wretched", from the roots of truagh and car, love.
trod
a quarrel, scolding, Irish troid, Middle Irish trot, quarrel, combat, trottach, quarrelsome: *truddo-, root trud, distress, bother; English threat, Norse ГѕrjСѓta, fail, lack; Latin trГ»do, push, English obtrude; Church Slavonic trudu@u, difficulty.
trog
raise, trogail, raising, Manx troggal, earlier trogell: to-ro-od-gab, that is to say, tog with the prep. ro inserted. See tog. Rhys (Manx Pray.@+2, 138) compares Early Irish turcbР±l, a rising (as of the sun): *to-for-gab-.
trog
trash (Dial.), busy dealing, trС‚g, busy dealing, from Scottish troke, to bargain, barter, trog, old clothes, troggin, pedlar's wares, English truck, from French troquer, barter, truck.
trС‚idht
cataplasm, rags, shapeless worn shoe (Skye); See trait.
troigh
misspelt troidh, a foot, Irish troigh, Old Irish traig, g. traiged, Welsh traed, Old Cornish truit, pes, Middle Breton troat: *traget- (*troget-?), foot, root trag, leap, draw, Gaulish vertragos, greyhound; Indo-European tragh; Gothic @GГѕragjan, run, Anglo-Saxon Гѕrah, course; Latin traho, draw.
troileis
any trifling thing; founded on English trifles?
troimh
through, Old Irish tremi-, trans-, super-: *trimo-, from tri of tre. For the mi or mh, cf. roimh, comh-.
trom
heavy, Irish trom, Old Irish tromm, Welsh trwm, Cornish trom, Breton troum: trud-s-mo-s, "oppressive", from trud, oppress, distress; Gothic us-Гѕriutan, oppress, English threat; Latin trГ»do, push. See trod further. For other views, See Rhys' Lect.@+2, 114, Zimmer Zeit.@+24, 208.
troman
dwarf, elder, Irish tromР±n, Old Irish tromm, g. truimm; also Gaelic droman (M`A.):
tromb
the Jew's harp; from Scottish trump (do.), English trump, from French trompe.
trombaid
a trumpet, Irish trompa, L.Middle Irish trompadh; from the English
troraid
a spire, steeple (M`F.); founded on English turret.
trosdan
a crutch, support, Irish trostР±n, crutch, pilgrim's staff, Welsh trostan, long slender pole. See trasd for root.
trosg
a codfish, Irish trosg; from Norse Гѕroskr, Danish torsk, German dorsch.
trot
trot, trotan, trotting; from the English
truacantas
compassion, Irish truacР±nta (O'Br.): *troug-can-, "expressing pity", from truagh and can, say.
truagh
wretched, pitiful, so Irish, Early Irish trСЉag, Old Irish trСѓg, Welsh tru, Cornish troc, miser, Breton tru, Gaulish TrГґgos: *trougo-, miser, root streug, rub, wear; Greek @GstreСЉgomai, am worn out, distressed; Church Slavonic strugati, scratch, distress, Lithuanian strugas, carving instrument; Norse strjСЉka, to stroke, German straucheln, stumble (Windisch, Prellwitz). Stokes refers it to the root of Norse ГѕrСЉga, press, ГѕrСЉgan, compulsion, Old High German drГ»h, compes. From Celtic comes English truant.
truaill
a sheath, so Irish, Early Irish trСЉaill: *troud-s-li-, root treud, trud, push; English thrust, Latin trГ»do. See further trod, trom.
truaill
pollute, violate, Irish trСЉaillim, Early Irish trСЉalnim, Old Irish druР±ilnithe, corruptus, @oellned, inquinatio, illuvies, Р№lnithid, violator, from Р№ln-, Old Irish as-lenaimm, pollue, Gaelic root len (le@-n, Ascoli), f@oedare (Latin lino, smear, as in lean?). Ascoli analyses truaill into der-uad-le@-n (der- intensive), while Thurneysen refers the tru-, dru- to the root of Latin trux, trucis. dru-es-lР№n (Stokes). Early Irish trСЉ, wretched, English throe (Stokes).
trudair
a stammerer, a dirty or obscene person, Irish trudaire, a stammerer (Lh., O'Br., Con.). In the first sense, the word is Irish; in the second sense, it is Gaelic only, and likely of the same origin as trusdar. Norse ГѕrjСѓtr, knave, bad debtor, has been adduced as its origin.
truilleach
a dirty or base person, filthy food: *trus-lic-, root trus as in trusdar? Or from Scottish trolie, a person of slovenly habits, trollop?
truis
tear, snatch, truss; from Scottish truss, to eat in a slovenly, scattering fashion (Ork.), Icel. tros, English trash. In the sense of "truss", the Gaelic is from English truss. Hence the cry to dogs to get out - truis!
trщp
a troop; from the English
trus
truss or bundle, collect, Irish trusdalaim, truss up, girdle, Welsh trwsa, a truss; from English truss, Old French trusser, from Late Latin tortiare, tortus, twisted. See also triubhas.
trusdar
a filthy fellow, filth; cf. Irish, Early Irish trist, curse, profligacy, Late Latin tristus, improbus.
trusgan
clothes, apparel, Irish truscР±n, trosgР±n, clothes, furniture; founded on trus. Cf. English trousseau from the same origin.
truthair
a traitor, villain; from Scottish trucker, deceiver, trickster? Or from English traitor? Cf. trudair.
tu, thu
thou, Irish, Old Irish tСЉ, Welsh ti, Cornish ty, te, Breton te: *tГ»; Latin tГ»; Greek sСЉ; English thou; Prussian tou; Zend tГ».
tuagh
axe, so Irish, Middle Irish tuag, Early Irish tСЉagach, hitting: *tougГў root teu@gh, tuq, hit, strie; Greek @GteСЉhw, fashion, @GtСЉkos, hammer, @GtukР±nc, flail; Church Slavonic tu@ualo, cuspis. Stokes prefers comparison with Sanskrit tuj, hit (*tug).
tuaicheal
dizziness, tuachioll (Sh.), winding, eddying, moving against the sun, left-about: *to-fo-cell (for cell, See timchioll, Irish tuachail, going, confused with *tuath-cell, "left (north) going"? Cf. tuaineal.
tuaileas
reproach, scandal, so Irish ( Lh., O'Br., etc.): *to-fo-less; from *lisso-, blame, discussed under leas-?
tuailt, tubhailt
a towel; Irish tudhoille; from the English
tuainig
unloose (Dial.); See tualaig.
tuaineal
dizziness, stupor, Irish toinР№all, swoon, trance (Dineen): *to-fo-in-el, root ell of tadhal? Or *to-fo-neul?
tuaiream
a guess, aim, vicinity, Irish tuairim; also tuairmse: *to-for-med-, root med of meas.
tuairisgeul
description, report, Irish tuarasgbhР±il, Middle Irish tСЉarascbal, description, Old Irish tuР±rascbaim, for to-for-as-gab-, root gab of gabh.
guairmeis
hit on, discover: *do-fo-air-mess; See eirmis.
tuairneag
anything round, a boss, tidy female, tuairnean, a mallet, beetle, Irish tuairnРЅn, mallet; cf. tuairnear.
tuairnear
a turner, Irish tСЉrnСѓir; from the English
tuaisd
a dolt, sloven, tuaisdeach, unseemly:
tuaitheal
wrong, left-wise, Irish tuaithbhil, Early Irish tuathbil; from tuath and seal: See deiseil for latter root and form. Irish has tuathal, the left hand, awkward.
tualaig
loose (Arms.), have flux, tuanlaig (n elided, Perth), tuanaig, tuama, a tomb, Irish tuama; from Latin tumba, English tomb.
tuar
food, Old Irish tuare: *taurio-, root staur, place, store, English store, Sanskrit sthР±vara, fixed: root sta.
tuar
hue, appearance; cf. Irish, Middle Irish tuar, an omen, presage: *to-vor-, root ver, vor, of fhuair?
tuarasdal
wages, so Irish, Middle Irish tuarustul, tuarastal: *to-fo-ar-as-tal, root tal, tel, take, lift, Middle Irish taile, salarium, Welsh tГўl, payment, Cornish, Breton tal, solvit; Indo-European tel; Greek @GtР№los, tax, @GtР±lanton, talent; Latin tollo; English thole. See tail, tlР°th.
tuasaid
a quarrel, fight, Irish fuasaoid, animosity, spite, Early Irish fСЉasait, "entwickelung", development: to-fo-ad-sedd-, Gaelic root sedd from sizd, si-sed, set, "set-to" being the idea? Root sed of suidhe. But cf. faosaid.
tuasgail
loose, untie, Irish tuaslagadh, releasing, Early Irish tuaslaicim: *to-fo-as-lР№c-im, from le@-c of leig, let, q.v.
tuath
people, tenantry, so Irish, Old Irish tСЉath, populus, Welsh tud, country, nation, Cornish tus, Breton tud, Gaulish Tout-, Teuto-: *toutГў, people; Latin Umbr. toto, state, Oscan tСЉvtСЉ, populus, Latin tГґtus, all; Gothic Гѕiuda, people, Teutonic, Deutsch, German, Dutch; Lettic tР±uta, people, Old Prussian tauto, land.
tuath
north, Irish tuath, tuaith, Old Irish tСЉath, left, north: *toutГў, *touto-s (adj.), left hand, left, "good", Gothic ГѕiuГѕ, good; cf. Greek @Geu@'w/numos, left hand, "good-omened". Rhys (Manx Pray. @+2, 62) suggests that the root is su, turn (see iompaidh): *do-hu@-th (*to-su-), "turning to"; Welsh aswy or aseu, left hand, being also hence - *ad-sou-i-.
thatch, covering, tugh (vb.), Irish tuighe (n.), tuighim (vb.), Early Irish tuga, tugim, Welsh to, a cover, thatch, toi, tegere, cor. to, tectum, Breton to, tenn: *togio-, *togo-, root to@g, ste@g, as in tigh, teach.
tughag
a patch:
tuig
understand, Irish tuigim, Old Irish tuiccim, tuiccim, tuccim: *to-od-ges- root ges of tug. some have given the stem as *to-od-cesi, root qes of chРј; but this would give Gaelic tuic. Old Irish tuicse, electus: *to-od-gus-, root gus, taste, English gusto.
tuil
a flood, Irish, Old Irish tuile: *tuliГў, root tu, swell; Greek @GtСЉlos, knob, weal; Sanskrit tГ»la, tuft, English thumb, tumid, etc. ( See tulach). So Stokes Zeit.@+31, 235. The Old Irish root o@-l, to flood, abound, gives tСѓlam, a flood, imrСѓl, forСѓil, abundance, etc. The root pol, pel has also been suggested, as in iol-.
tuilis
overloading stomach (Carm.):
tuille, tuilleadh
more (n.), Irish tuille, tuilleadh, addition, tuilleamh, wages, addition, Early Irish tuilled, tuillem, addition, inf. to tuillim, enhance, deserve, as in Gaelic toill. Two words are mixed: to-eln-, deserve, and to-oln, much, more, Early Irish oll, great, huilliu, plus, *olniГґs, root pol, pel, many, Greek @GpolСЉs, Latin plus etc. (see iol-). Stokes equates the Old Irish uilliu, oll, with Latin pollere, which is from *pol-no-, root pol as above (Wharton). The Gaelic syntax of tuille shows its comparative force in tuille na (more than) as well as tuille agus, Irish tuilleadh agus (addition and).
tuimhseadh
beating, thumping, tuinnse, a blow (Gael.Soc.Tr.@+15, 260), Middle Irish tuinsim, calco, tuinsem, bruising, *to-ud-nessim (Str.); founded on Latin tundo, beat. Stokes queries if cognate.
tuineadh
an abode, possession, Irish tuinidhe, possession (O'Cl.), Early Irish tunide; also tuineadh (Irish and Gaelic): *to-nes-, root nes as in cС‚mhnuidh, q.v.
tuinnidh
firm hard, Irish tuinnidhe ( O'Br., Sh.), immovable, clocha tuinnidhe; from tuineadh, the idea being "settled, fixed".
tuir
relate, tuireadh, relating, Irish tuirtheachda, relation, rehearsal, Early Irish turthiud, pl. tuirtheta, tale, from ret, run (as in ruith). Cf. aithris, Early Irish tuirem, reciting, is from *to-rРЅm, root ri@-m, number (as in Р°ireamh).
tuireadh
a dirge, lamentation, Irish tuireamh, dirge, elegy; for root See tuirse.
tuireann
a spark of fire from an anvil, Irish tuireann (O'Br., etc.), Early Irish turend (?): *to-rind? For rind, See reannag.
tuireasg
a saw, Irish tuiriosg, Early Irish turesc: *tar-thesc, from teasg, cut, q.v.
tuirl , tuirling
descend, Irish tuirlingim, Early Irish tairlingim, Old Irish doarblaing, desilit *to-air-ling-; for ling, jump, See leum.
tuirse
sadness, Irish tuirse, Middle Irish tor, sad, Early Irish toirsi, torsi, Old Irish toris, toirsech, tristis; root tor, ter, tre, Latin tristis, sad.
tщis
incense, Irish, Middle Irish, Early Irish tСЉis; from Latin tu@-s, Greek @GqСЉos.
tuisleadh
a stumbling, fall, so Irish, Old Irish tuisled, prolapsio, tuisel, casus, dofuislim, labo: *to-fo-ess-sal-im, root sal, spring; Latin salio, leap, dance, English insult; Greek @Ga@`/llomai, leap; cf. Lithuanian sele@?/ti, glide, creep. Ascoli analyses it into *to-fo-isl-, where isl is what remains of РЅsel or Рјosal, low.
tuit
fall, Irish tuitim, Old Irish tuitim, inf. tutimm, acc.pl. totman, also tothimm, *tod-tim, Gadelic root -tim-, Welsh codwm, a fall (cf. Irish cudaim), codymu, cadere, Cornish codha; cf. English tumble, Greek tomber, fall. Usually explained as *to-fo-thР№t-, from thР№id, which would naturally be tuid in Gaelic, even granting that the crasis of -ofothР№- simply landed in -ui-, not to mention the inf. in preserved m (tuiteam). Root tud (Thurneysen); to-ud = think.
tul
entirely, Irish tul (i.e. tuile, O'Cl.), increase, flood: an adverbial use of the root form of tuil, flood? Cf. Irish tola, superfluity.
tul
fire, hearth, heap (Carm.):
tulach
a hillock, Irish, Early Irish tulach; root tu, swell; Greek @Gtъlos, knob, @Gtщlc (u long), swelling, weal; Latin tumor, tu@-ber, a swelling; English thumb.
tulag
the fish whiting, Irish tullСѓg, the pollock; cf. pollag.
tulchann, tulchainn
a gable, posterior, Irish tulchР±n, hillock; from tulach?
tulchuiseach
plucky (Hend.):
tum
dip, tumadh, dipping, so Irish, Early Irish tummim: *tumbГґ; Latin tinguo, tingo, wet, English tinge, tincture; Old High German duncГґn, dip, ger. tunken, dip, steep.
tunna
a tun, ton, Irish, Early Irish tunna; Anglo-Saxon tunne, Middle English tonne, Norse tunna, German tonne; all from Latin tunna, a cask. Stokes (Bez.Beit.@+18), suggests borrowing from the Norse; Kluge regards the words as of Celtic origin. On this See ++tonn.
tunnachadh
beating, dashing; See tuimhseadh.
tunag
a duck, Irish tonnСѓg?
tunnsgadh
upheaval (R.D.):
tur, gu tur
entirely, Irish tura, plenty (tura namhad, plenty of enemies), Early Irish tor, a crowd (dat. tur); See tС‚rr.
tщr
a tower, Irish tСЉr; from Middle English tour, tu@-r, from Old French tur, Latin turris.
tщr
understanding; cf. Middle Irish tСЉr, research, examination, Old Irish tСЉirim, rotuirset, scrutati sunt, for to-fo-shirim, from sir, search.
turadh
dry weather, tur, dry (without condiment), so Irish, Early Irish turud, terad, adj. tur, dry, tair: root tor, ter of tioram?
turag
a trifling illness (as of a child) - Arg.:
turaman
rocking, nodding; See turraban.
turcais
tweezers (M`A.), pincers; See durcaisd.
turguin
destruction (H.S.D. from MSS.), Middle Irish tuarcain, smiting, Early Irish tuarcaim (dat.), hitting: *to-fo-argim, root org, Old Irish orgun, orcun, occisio, Old Breton orgiat, Cæsar's Gaulish Orgeto-rix: *urg-, root vr@.g, verg, press, Latin urgeo. Stokes suggests connection with Greek @Ge@'rйhqw, tear; Bezzenberger gives Zend areza, battle, fight; Brugmann compares Sanskrit r@.gha@-yati, raves, rages, Old High German arg, what is vile or bad.
turlach
a large fire: *t-ur-lach, from Irish ur, СЉr, fire, Greek @Gpu@nr, English fire.
turlach
a bulky, squat person; See tС‚rr, turadh. Cf. Welsh twrllach, a rounnd lump.
turlas
small cupboard (Perth); See tairleas.
turloch
a lake that dries in summer, Irish turloch; from tur and loch.
tщrn
a turn, job; from the English
turraban , turraman
rocking of the body, nodding, grief (turadan, Sh.). Hence turra-chadal, a slumbering drowsiness, "nodding sleep":
turrag
an accident:
turradh
a surprise, taking unnawares (Skye):
turraig, air do thurraig
at stool (M`A.):
turram
a soft sound, murmur; onnomatopoetic. But cf. toirm, torrunn.
turtur
a turtle, so Irish, Welsh turtur; from Latin turtur.
turus
a journey, Irish, Early Irish turus, Old Irish tururas, incursus, aururas, properatio: *to-reth-s-tu, root ret, run (see ruith).
tщs
the beginning, Irish tСЉs, Old Irish tСЉus, tСЉs, Welsh tywys, leading; See tС‚iseach.
tut
interjection of cold or impatience; from English tut. See thud.
tщt
a quiet breaking of wind, stench, Irish tСЉt, Middle Irish tСЉtt, stench: allied to toit, q.v. Cf. Keating's tСЉtmhar, smoky.
tuthan
a slut (Arms., M`L.), Irish tСЉthan; from the root of the above word.