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An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language (O)

Домой:	Рус	Анг	Ита	Исп	Эсп

Здесь приведен этимологический словарь (на фонему O) гэльского (исконного шотландского) языка - пока на английском языке (см. английский словарный фонд).

O

• o the interjection "O! oh!" Irish o; See vocative a.
• o from, ab, Irish Сѓ, Old Irish Сѓ, ua (hСѓ, hua): *ava; Sanskrit Р±va, away, off; Latin au-, as in aufero, take away; Church Slavonic u-, Prussian au-. Also bho, q.v.
• o since, when, with the rel. as o 'n, Irish Сѓ, Old Irish Сѓ, ex quo; it is merely the prep. o used as a conjunction.
• ob refuse, Irish obaim, Old Irish obbaim, obbad (inf.); referred to ud-bad, "out-speak", the prefix ud-, out (allied to English out, Sanskrit ud, out, of) and ba, speak, Indo-European bha, Latin fari, Greek @G fa in @GfcmРЅ. Ascoli gives the root as ben (see bean), repellere. С‚b a creek; from NNorse hСѓp, small land-locked bay, Scottish hope, Anglo-Saxon hСѓp, valley.
• obaidh a charm; See ubag.
• obair a work, so Irish, Early Irish opair, oper, Old Irish opred, operatio; from Latin opus (g. operis), opera. ++obair a confluence; the usual pronunciation of the Aber- in place names. See abar.
• obann sudden, Irish obann, Early Irish opond: *od-bond, e vestigio, from bonn? Stokes refers it to the root of Greek @Ga@'/fnw, Old Slavonic abije, immediately, suggesting *ob-nСѓ-. Welsh buan also suggests itself.
• ocar interest on money, Irish ocar, Welsh ocr; from Norse okr, usury, Anglo-Saxon wocer, Gothic wokrs, German wucher; root ve@g.
• och an interjection, alas! Irish och, uch, Old Irish uch, vae, ochfad, sighing: *uk; Gothic aСЉhjГґn, make a noise, Norse ugla, English owl; Let. auka, stormwind, Srb. uka, a cry.
• ochd eight, Irish ochd, Old Irish ocht n-, Welsh wyth (*okti), Breton eiz: *oktГґ; Latin octo; Greek @Go@'ktw/; Gothic ahtau; Sanskrit ashtaСЉ.
• ochС‚in alas, Irish och Сѓn; literally "alas this"! From och and the old pronoun Сѓn, discussed under eadhon.
• ocras hunger, Irish ocrus, ocarus, Early Irish accorus. See acras. The Latin careo, want, may be suggested as allied; root ker, kor.
• od yonder, yon; See ud.
• oda tongue of land; oddr.
• oda horse-race (Uist), race, race-course (Carm.); cf. Norse at, horse-fight.
• odhar dun, so Irish, Early Irish odar: *odro-s, for *odh-ro-, shady, Latin umbra (= *o-n-dhra), Гўter, dark, Umbrian adro, atra. Bez. suggests, with query, *jodras, allied to Lithuanian ju@odas, dark. Thurneysen has referred *odro-s to Indo-European udro-, otter, hydra, watery, the idea being "otter-like" or "water-like" (Greek @Gu@`/dwr, English water).
• ofrail an offering, Irish ofrР±il, Middle Irish offrР±il, Early Irish oifrend; from Latin offerendum. С‚g young, Irish Сѓg, Old Irish Сѓc, Сѓac, Welsh ieuanc, Cornish iouenc, Breton iaouank, Gaulish Jovinc-illos: *jovn@.ko-s, comparative jovГґs; Latin juvenis, juvencus; English young, Gothic juggs; Sanskrit yuvaçб, juvenile, jСЉvan, young.
• ogha grandchild, Irish Сѓ, ua, g. ui, a grandson, descendant, Old Irish ua, aue, haue, g. haui: *(p)avio-s; Greek @GpaРЅs, for pafРЅs, boy; further Latin puer, for pov-er; Welsh wyr; root pu, pav, pov, beget. Brug. (Grund.@+2 122) refers it to *avio-s, an adj. from avo-s, grandfather, etc., Latin avus. English eame. ++oghum the "Ogam" writing, so Irish, Early Irish ogum, Ogma ma Elathan (son of knowledge), the Hercules of the Gaelic gods, Gaulish Ogmios, the Gaulish Hercules and god of eloquence: *Ogambio-s. Cf. Greek @Go@'/gmos ( @G*g-mos?), a furrow, line, Sanskrit Р±jmas, course, run, root ag: the comparison is very doubtful. See oidheam. С‚glach a youth, servant, Irish Сѓglach, Old Irish Сѓclach; from Сѓg and suffix -lach (see teaghlach).
• ogluidh gloomy, awful, bashful, Irish ogluidh, bashful; from Norse uggligr, fearful, English ugly.
• oich interjectionn of pain, Irish, Old Irish uch. See och.
• oide foster-father, step-father, Irish oide, Old Irish aite: *attio-s; Greek @Ga@'/tta, father; Gothic atta, father; Church Slavonic otici, father; Sanskrit attГў, mother.
• oidhche, oiche night, Irish oidhche, Old Irish aidche, later oidche, also adaig: *ad-aqiГў, *ad-aqГ®, root aq, dark; Latin aquilus, dark; Lithuanian aklas, blind; Greek @Ga@'/karon, blind (Hes.). Sanskrit andhas, darkness, with root andh, adh, Latin ater, etc., have been suggested, the ad of *ad-aqia being made the root and not the aq (see odhar). ++oidheadh, tragical death, so Irish, Early Irish oided, aided; root pad, ped, fall, Latin pestis (Stokes). See eas.
• oidheam a secret meaning, inference, idea (M`A., M`E.), a book ( M`F., H.S.D.). Properly oigheam, the same as ogham above (zeuss, Rhys' Hib.Lect.).
• oidheirp, oirpe an attempt: *ad-erb-, root erb of earb, q.v.?
• oifig an office, Irish oifig, Middle Irish oifficc; from Latin officium (English office). С‚igeach a stallion, young horse; from С‚g and each. Commonly Р°igeach, q.v. С‚igh a virgin, Irish Сѓigh, Early Irish Old Irish Сѓg, uag, integer: *augi-, root au@g, increase; Latin augeo; Gothic Р±ukan, increase; Lithuanian Р±ugu, (Brug.). Bez. (in Stokes' Urkel.Spr.) suggests Czech pouhy/, pure, and a stem *pougo-s.
• oigheam
• obedience, homage; cf. gaidhe.
• oighionnach, aigheannach a thistle (Perth, according to M`A.): See fobhannan.
• oighre ice, Irish oidhir, Middle Irish Сѓigred, Early Irish aigred, snow; See deigh.
• oighre an heir, so Irish, Middle Irish oigir; founded on Latin heres, possibly on Middle English heir rather, which is from heres.
• oighreag cloudberry; founded on Scottish averin.
• oil vexation, offence, Irish ++oil. The Early Irish Р±il has a long, and is for agli-, Gothic agls, disgraceful (Strachan). The Gaelic is perhaps from the root of oillt.
• oil rear, educate, Irish oilim, Old Irish ailim; root al as in altrum.
• oilbheum
• offence, stumbling-block, Irish oilbhР№im, Middle Irish ailbР№im: "stone-dashing", "stone-stumbling"; from ++ail, rock, and beum, blow, q.v. ( Atk.).
• oilean , eilean training, nurture, Irish oileamhuin, nurture, Middle Irish oilemain, inf. to ailim, I rear; root al, as in altrum, q.v.
• oillt horror, disgust, Irish oilt: *aleti-, root pal, strike, whence Latin palma, palm, palpo, palpitate, etc.?
• oineach liberality, Irish oineach, mercy, liberality. See eineach. С‚inid a fool, Irish Сѓinmhid, Early Irish Сѓinmit, onmit; from Сѓn-, foolish, and ment, mind. See С‚innseach. С‚innseach a foolish woman, Irish Сѓinseach; from Сѓn, foolish, and the feminine termination -seach.
• oir edge, border, Irish, Early Irish, Old Irish or, Welsh gor-or, ora superior: *oro-. Cf. Latin Гґra, coast, from which Thurneysen regards it as borrowed; it is not allied to German ufer, coast.
• oir for, Old Irish ar, air; the prep. air (*are) used as a conj. The Irish Сѓir, because, for, Old Irish Сѓre, СЉare, abl. of Old Irish uar, huar, is from Latin hГґra, Gaelic uair.
• oir- prefix denoting "ad" or "on", Irish oir-, Old Irish air-, ar-; this is the prep. air (*are). Hence oirbheart, a good deed, Irish do. , from beart; oirbheas, act of charity, from beus, conduct, etc. Sometimes confused with С‚r-, gold, as prefix; cf. Сѓirdheirc.
• oircheas pity, charity, Irish oircheasachd, need, charitableness; cf. Old Irish airchissecht, gratia, indulgentia, vb. airchissim, parcit, indulget: air+cess; root of cead? С‚irde a piece or lump of anything; See С‚rd. С‚irdheirc glorious, Irish Сѓirdhearc, Old Irish airdirc, erdirc; from air and dearc, see: "con-spicuous". See oir- for the С‚ir-.
• oirfeid music, Irish oirfid, Early Irish air-fitiud, playing, inf. to arbeitim, arpeitim; from air and peitim, Middle Irish peiteadh, music; peit or pet is from svettГў, whistle, pipe, Gaelic fead, q.v. С‚irleach an inch, Irish Сѓrlach, ordlach, Middle Irish ordlach, tri hordlaighe, three inches; from ordu, thumb, now Gaelic С‚rdag q.v.
• oirthir the east, so Irish, Old Irish airther; comparative of air, ante - "in front", as one faces the sun in the morning.
• oirthir border, coast, so Irish, Middle Irish airer; from air and tРјr. С‚isg a sheep, yearling ewe, Early Irish Сѓisc; for Сѓi-shesc, Сѓi, sheep, and seasg, barren, q.v. The word Сѓi is from *ovi-s; Latin ovis; Greek @Goi@'/s; Lithuanian avis; Sanskrit Р±vis.
• oisinn a corner, Irish isinn, the temple, fР±n na hoisean, along the temple, Early Irish na-h-usine, the temples: *ad-stani-, "out-standing"(?). See ursainn, tarsainn.
• oisir an oyster, Irish oisre; from Middle English oistre, from French oistre, from Latin ostrea.
• oistric
• ostrich, Irish ostrich; from the English
• oit an interjection to denote the sense of burning heat; cf. Old Irish uit mo chrob, alas for my hand!
• oiteag a breeze, puff of wind, Irish oiteСѓg: *atti-, root at, as in Greek @Ga@'tmСѓs, vapour, English atmosphere; Anglo-Saxon aeГ°m, breath; Sanskrit ГўtmР±n, breath, soul.
• oitir a ridge or bank in the sea, a low promontory, Irish oitРЅr: *ad-tРЅr, from tРЅr, land, "to-land". С‚l drink, drinking, Irish Сѓl, Сѓlaim, Early Irish Сѓl, inf. to ibim, Old Irish oul, *povolo (St.), drinking: *potlo-, root po, pГґ, drink; Latin pСѓto, English potate, etc.; Sanskrit pГў-, drink. Zimmer considers it borrowed from Norse Г¶l, English ale. The root pele, plГЄ, full, has also been suggested; but it is unlikely here.
• ola
• oil, Irish, Old Irish ola, Welsh olew, Old Welsh oleu, Breton eol; from Latin oleum, English oil. С‚lach a hospitable person: "boon-companion"; from С‚l.
• olann wool, so Irish, Early Irish oland, Old Welsh gulan, Welsh gwlan, Cornish gluan, Breton gloan: *vlanГў, *vlano-; Latin lГўna; Greek @Gla@nnos, @Glc@nnos; English wool, Gothic vulla; Lithuanian wilna; Sanskrit u@-/rnГў; Indo-European vl@.nГў, vl@.@-nГў.
• olc bad, Irish olc, Old Irish olcc, olc; cf. Latin ulciscor, revenge, ulcus, wound, English ulcer; Greek @Ge@`\lkos, wound. Bez. suggests Old High German ilki, hunger, Lithuanian alkti, Church Slavonic alkati, hunger.
• ollabhar a great army (M`F.), Irish ollarbhar: oll+ arbhar. For oll, See ollamh: Early Irish arbar, a host, is from ber (see beir).
• ollamh a learned man, a doctor, so Irish, Old Irish ollam, g. ollaman; from Irish oll, great (root pol, pel, plГЄ, full, fill). С‚mar amber, Irish omra, Welsh amfer; from the English
• omhail attention, heed, Irish СЉmhail; cf. Gaelic umhal, obedient.
• omhan , othan froth of milk or whey, whey whisked into froth (Carm.), Irish uan, Early Irish СЉan, froth, foam, Welsh ewyn, Breton eon: *eveno-, *poveno-; Lithuanian putР°, foam, Lettic putas.
• onagaid confusion, row (Dial.); cf. aonagail.
• onfhadh a blast, storm, raging of the sea, Irish anfadh, Early Irish anfud, for an-feth, "excess-wind", feth, aura; root vГЄ, ven, blow; Sanskrit va@-/ta, wind; Greek @Ga@'/cmi, blow, @Ga@'c/r, Latin aer, English air; Lithuanian ve@?jas, wind; further Latin ventus and English wind.
• onchon a standard ( M`F., O'Br.), so Irish, also Irish onchСЉ, leopard, Early Irish onchСЉ, banner, leopard; the idea of "leopard" is the primary one. From French onceau, once, English ounce, leopard.
• onoir respect, honour, Irish onСѓir, Early Irish onСѓir, onoir: from Latin honor. С‚nrachd solitude, Irish aonarachd; from aonar, aon. С‚r gold, Irish, Old Irish Сѓr, Welsh aur, Cornish our, Breton aour; from Latin aurum. С‚r- prefix air, oir, confused often with the prefix p\r-, gold; e.g. С‚rbheart, good (golden!) deed, which is for oirbheart ( See oir-). С‚rag sheaf of corn ( H.S.D.), orag ( M`F., Arms.):
• oragan an organ, Irish, Middle Irish orgР±n, Early Irish organ, Welsh organ; from Latin organum, English organ. С‚raid a speech, Irish Сѓraid, prayer, oration, Early Irish orait, prayer, orate; from Latin orate, pray ye, oratio, speech. С‚ran a song; this is for *auran, from the correct and still existing form amhran, Irish amhrР±n, Middle Irish ambrР±n, Manx arrane; from amb, i.e. mu, about, and rann? Irish amhar, Early Irish amor, music. Cf. Irish amhra, eulogy, especially in verse. Cf. amra (Cholumcille), panegyric.
• orair a porch (orrar, M`D.): "front", from air- or ar- and air, a reduplication really of air, "on-before". С‚rais a tumultuous noise (H.S.D. from MSS.): С‚rd a hammer, Irish, Middle Irish ord, Old Irish ordd, Welsh gordd, Old Cornish ord, Breton orz, horz, Gallo. Brit. Ordo-vices(?): *ordo-s, *urdo-s, root verdh, urdh, raise, increase, whence or allied are Greek @Go@'rqСѓs, Latin arduus, Gaelic Р°rd, etc.; especially Sanskrit vardhate, raise, increase, grow. See С‚rdag. Thurneysen thinks it perhaps possible that Romance urtare, hit, thrust, French heurter, English hurt, are hence, and Ascoli that French ortail, big toe (orddu = ortu), is from С‚rd, the basis of С‚rdag, q.v. С‚rd a mountain of rounded form (topographical only); from С‚rd. С‚rdag thumb, Irish ordСѓg, Old Irish orddu, g. ordan: *ordГґs, *urdГґs; same root as С‚rd above. С‚rdugh
• order, Irish ord, ordughadh, Old Irish ord, ordaad, ordination, Welsh urdd, urddawd, ordaining, Breton urz; from Latin ordo.
• organ
• organ; See oragan.
• orra , ortha
• orr', or, a charm, incantation, Irish orrtha (Сѓrrtha, Con.), ortha, prayer, charm (in this last sense pronounced arrtha), Early Irish ortha, acc. orthain, prayer (especially in verse); from Latin ГґrГўtionem, English oration.
• orrais squeamishness, nausea:
• os above, Irish os, Сѓs, uas, Old Irish os, uas, Welsh uch, Breton a, us; See uasal for root.
• os an elk, deer, Irish os ( O'Br.), Early Irish os, oss, Welsh uch, pl. uchen, bos, Cornish ohan, boves, Breton oc'hen (do.), Old Breton ohen, boum: *okso-s (for Gaelic), *uksen- (for Brittonic); Gothic auhsa(n), English ox, oxen; Sanskrit ukshР±n, bull.
• os quoth; for ors', from or, ar, say; See arsa. С‚s mouth of a river, harbour bar; from Norse Гґss, river mouth; Latin ostium.
• osadh desisting, Irish osadh, truce, Early Irish ossad (do.): *ud-sta- "stand out"; root sta, stand.
• osag a blast, breeze: *ut-sГў, root ut, vet, ve, blow, as in onfhadh.
• osan a hose, stocking, Irish assan, caliga, Old Irish ossa, assa, soccus, Welsh hosan, Cornish hos; from Anglo-Saxon hosa, g. hosan, now hose, ho@-sen, Norse hosa.
• oscach eminent, superior ( Sh., O'Br.), Irish oscР±ch; from os and cР±ch.
• oscarach, oscarra bold, fierce, Irish oscar, champion; from the heroic name , son of (Irish OisРЅn, little deer or os, q.v.). Possibly stands for *ud-scaro-, "out-cutter", root scar of sgar, q.v. Zimmer derives it from Norse Р‘sgeirr, spear of the Anses or gods, and Oisian from the Saxon РЈswine, friend of the Anses; which should give respectively Р‘sgar and РЈisine, but the initial vowels are both o short in Oscar and Oisian. Doomsday Book has Osgar. С‚sd, С‚sda, tigh С‚sda an inn, Irish tigh Сѓsda; from Middle English ooste, hСѓst, hotel, house, hospitium, through French from Latin hospitium. Stokes takes it direct from Old French oste.
• osnadh a sigh, so Irish, Old Irish osnad, Welsh uchenaid, uch, Breton huanad. Zimmer has analysed this into os, up, and an (root of anail), breat: "up-breath"; cf. Latin suspirium, from sup-spРЅrium, "up-breath". But consider *ok-s, from uk of och. Cf. Early Irish esnad, Middle Irish easnadh, song, moaning.
• ospag, osmag a gasp, sob, sigh, pang, Irish ospСѓg, uspСѓg, osmСѓg; cf. osnadh. Also uspag, q.v.
• ospairn gasping quickly, sobbing, sighing; from os and spР°irn, q.v. Cf. uspairn.
• othail , odhail confusion, hubbub, also (Dial., where pronounced ow-il), rejoicing; spelt also foghail, fС‚ghail; root gal, as in gal? For odhail, rejoicing, cf. Middle Irish odhach, ceolmar, also uidheach, od, music; root ved; Greek @GСЉdР№o, sing, praise, Sanskrit vadati, sing, praise; Lithuanian vadinu, rufe, root ved, vad, ud, rufen.
• othar ulcer, abscess, Irish othar, sick: *putro-; Latin puter, English putrid; root pГ», pu, English foul, etc. С‚trach dunghill, Irish, Middle Irish otrach, dunghill, Old Irish ochtrach (= othrach?), excrement: *puttr-, root put, pu, Latin pГ»teo, puter, as under othar. Irish othrach, dung, *putr.

© «lexicons.ru», 2012. Автор и владелец - Игорь Константинович Гаршин (см. резюме).
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