o
the interjection "O! oh!" Irish o; See vocative a.
o
from, ab, Irish Сѓ, Old Irish Сѓ, ua (hСѓ, hua): *ava; Sanskrit Р±va, away, off; Latin au-, as in aufero, take away; Church Slavonic u-, Prussian au-. Also bho, q.v.
o
since, when, with the rel. as o 'n, Irish Сѓ, Old Irish Сѓ, ex quo; it is merely the prep. o used as a conjunction.
ob
refuse, Irish obaim, Old Irish obbaim, obbad (inf.); referred to ud-bad, "out-speak", the prefix ud-, out (allied to English out, Sanskrit ud, out, of) and ba, speak, Indo-European bha, Latin fari, Greek @G fa in @GfcmРЅ. Ascoli gives the root as ben (see bean), repellere.
С‚b
a creek; from NNorse hСѓp, small land-locked bay, Scottish hope, Anglo-Saxon hСѓp, valley.
obaidh
a charm; See ubag.
obair
a work, so Irish, Early Irish opair, oper, Old Irish opred, operatio; from Latin opus (g. operis), opera.
++obair
a confluence; the usual pronunciation of the Aber- in place names. See abar.
obann
sudden, Irish obann, Early Irish opond: *od-bond, e vestigio, from bonn? Stokes refers it to the root of Greek @Ga@'/fnw, Old Slavonic abije, immediately, suggesting *ob-nСѓ-. Welsh buan also suggests itself.
ocar
interest on money, Irish ocar, Welsh ocr; from Norse okr, usury, Anglo-Saxon wocer, Gothic wokrs, German wucher; root ve@g.
och
an interjection, alas! Irish och, uch, Old Irish uch, vae, ochfad, sighing: *uk; Gothic aСЉhjГґn, make a noise, Norse ugla, English owl; Let. auka, stormwind, Srb. uka, a cry.
ochС‚in
alas, Irish och Сѓn; literally "alas this"! From och and the old pronoun Сѓn, discussed under eadhon.
ocras
hunger, Irish ocrus, ocarus, Early Irish accorus. See acras. The Latin careo, want, may be suggested as allied; root ker, kor.
od
yonder, yon; See ud.
oda
tongue of land; oddr.
oda
horse-race (Uist), race, race-course (Carm.); cf. Norse at, horse-fight.
odhar
dun, so Irish, Early Irish odar: *odro-s, for *odh-ro-, shady, Latin umbra (= *o-n-dhra), Гўter, dark, Umbrian adro, atra. Bez. suggests, with query, *jodras, allied to Lithuanian ju@odas, dark. Thurneysen has referred *odro-s to Indo-European udro-, otter, hydra, watery, the idea being "otter-like" or "water-like" (Greek @Gu@`/dwr, English water).
ofrail
an offering, Irish ofrР±il, Middle Irish offrР±il, Early Irish oifrend; from Latin offerendum.
С‚g
young, Irish Сѓg, Old Irish Сѓc, Сѓac, Welsh ieuanc, Cornish iouenc, Breton iaouank, Gaulish Jovinc-illos: *jovn@.ko-s, comparative jovГґs; Latin juvenis, juvencus; English young, Gothic juggs; Sanskrit yuvaГ§Р±, juvenile, jСЉvan, young.
ogha
grandchild, Irish Сѓ, ua, g. ui, a grandson, descendant, Old Irish ua, aue, haue, g. haui: *(p)avio-s; Greek @GpaРЅs, for pafРЅs, boy; further Latin puer, for pov-er; Welsh wyr; root pu, pav, pov, beget. Brug. (Grund.@+2 122) refers it to *avio-s, an adj. from avo-s, grandfather, etc., Latin avus. English eame.
++oghum
the "Ogam" writing, so Irish, Early Irish ogum, Ogma ma Elathan (son of knowledge), the Hercules of the Gaelic gods, Gaulish Ogmios, the Gaulish Hercules and god of eloquence: *Ogambio-s. Cf. Greek @Go@'/gmos ( @G*g-mos?), a furrow, line, Sanskrit Р±jmas, course, run, root ag: the comparison is very doubtful. See oidheam.
С‚glach
a youth, servant, Irish Сѓglach, Old Irish Сѓclach; from Сѓg and suffix -lach (see teaghlach).
ogluidh
gloomy, awful, bashful, Irish ogluidh, bashful; from Norse uggligr, fearful, English ugly.
oich
interjectionn of pain, Irish, Old Irish uch. See och.
oidhche, oiche
night, Irish oidhche, Old Irish aidche, later oidche, also adaig: *ad-aqiГў, *ad-aqГ®, root aq, dark; Latin aquilus, dark; Lithuanian aklas, blind; Greek @Ga@'/karon, blind (Hes.). Sanskrit andhas, darkness, with root andh, adh, Latin ater, etc., have been suggested, the ad of *ad-aqia being made the root and not the aq (see odhar). ++oidheadh, tragical death, so Irish, Early Irish oided, aided; root pad, ped, fall, Latin pestis (Stokes). See eas.
oidheam
a secret meaning, inference, idea (M`A., M`E.), a book ( M`F., H.S.D.). Properly oigheam, the same as ogham above (zeuss, Rhys' Hib.Lect.).
oidheirp, oirpe
an attempt: *ad-erb-, root erb of earb, q.v.?
oifig
an office, Irish oifig, Middle Irish oifficc; from Latin officium (English office).
С‚igeach
a stallion, young horse; from С‚g and each. Commonly Р°igeach, q.v.
С‚igh
a virgin, Irish Сѓigh, Early Irish Old Irish Сѓg, uag, integer: *augi-, root au@g, increase; Latin augeo; Gothic Р±ukan, increase; Lithuanian Р±ugu, (Brug.). Bez. (in Stokes' Urkel.Spr.) suggests Czech pouhy/, pure, and a stem *pougo-s.
oigheam
obedience, homage; cf. gaidhe.
oighionnach, aigheannach
a thistle (Perth, according to M`A.): See fobhannan.
oighre
ice, Irish oidhir, Middle Irish Сѓigred, Early Irish aigred, snow; See deigh.
oighre
an heir, so Irish, Middle Irish oigir; founded on Latin heres, possibly on Middle English heir rather, which is from heres.
oighreag
cloudberry; founded on Scottish averin.
oil
vexation, offence, Irish ++oil. The Early Irish Р±il has a long, and is for agli-, Gothic agls, disgraceful (Strachan). The Gaelic is perhaps from the root of oillt.
oil
rear, educate, Irish oilim, Old Irish ailim; root al as in altrum.
oilbheum
offence, stumbling-block, Irish oilbhР№im, Middle Irish ailbР№im: "stone-dashing", "stone-stumbling"; from ++ail, rock, and beum, blow, q.v. ( Atk.).
oilean , eilean
training, nurture, Irish oileamhuin, nurture, Middle Irish oilemain, inf. to ailim, I rear; root al, as in altrum, q.v.
oineach
liberality, Irish oineach, mercy, liberality. See eineach.
С‚inid
a fool, Irish Сѓinmhid, Early Irish Сѓinmit, onmit; from Сѓn-, foolish, and ment, mind. See С‚innseach.
С‚innseach
a foolish woman, Irish Сѓinseach; from Сѓn, foolish, and the feminine termination -seach.
oir
edge, border, Irish, Early Irish, Old Irish or, Welsh gor-or, ora superior: *oro-. Cf. Latin Гґra, coast, from which Thurneysen regards it as borrowed; it is not allied to German ufer, coast.
oir
for, Old Irish ar, air; the prep. air (*are) used as a conj. The Irish Сѓir, because, for, Old Irish Сѓre, СЉare, abl. of Old Irish uar, huar, is from Latin hГґra, Gaelic uair.
oir-
prefix denoting "ad" or "on", Irish oir-, Old Irish air-, ar-; this is the prep. air (*are). Hence oirbheart, a good deed, Irish do. , from beart; oirbheas, act of charity, from beus, conduct, etc. Sometimes confused with С‚r-, gold, as prefix; cf. Сѓirdheirc.
oircheas
pity, charity, Irish oircheasachd, need, charitableness; cf. Old Irish airchissecht, gratia, indulgentia, vb. airchissim, parcit, indulget: air+cess; root of cead?
С‚irde
a piece or lump of anything; See С‚rd.
С‚irdheirc
glorious, Irish Сѓirdhearc, Old Irish airdirc, erdirc; from air and dearc, see: "con-spicuous". See oir- for the С‚ir-.
oirfeid
music, Irish oirfid, Early Irish air-fitiud, playing, inf. to arbeitim, arpeitim; from air and peitim, Middle Irish peiteadh, music; peit or pet is from svettГў, whistle, pipe, Gaelic fead, q.v.
С‚irleach
an inch, Irish Сѓrlach, ordlach, Middle Irish ordlach, tri hordlaighe, three inches; from ordu, thumb, now Gaelic С‚rdag q.v.
oirthir
the east, so Irish, Old Irish airther; comparative of air, ante - "in front", as one faces the sun in the morning.
oirthir
border, coast, so Irish, Middle Irish airer; from air and tРјr.
С‚isg
a sheep, yearling ewe, Early Irish Сѓisc; for Сѓi-shesc, Сѓi, sheep, and seasg, barren, q.v. The word Сѓi is from *ovi-s; Latin ovis; Greek @Goi@'/s; Lithuanian avis; Sanskrit Р±vis.
oisinn
a corner, Irish isinn, the temple, fР±n na hoisean, along the temple, Early Irish na-h-usine, the temples: *ad-stani-, "out-standing"(?). See ursainn, tarsainn.
oisir
an oyster, Irish oisre; from Middle English oistre, from French oistre, from Latin ostrea.
oistric
ostrich, Irish ostrich; from the English
oit
an interjection to denote the sense of burning heat; cf. Old Irish uit mo chrob, alas for my hand!
oiteag
a breeze, puff of wind, Irish oiteСѓg: *atti-, root at, as in Greek @Ga@'tmСѓs, vapour, English atmosphere; Anglo-Saxon aeГ°m, breath; Sanskrit ГўtmР±n, breath, soul.
oitir
a ridge or bank in the sea, a low promontory, Irish oitРЅr: *ad-tРЅr, from tРЅr, land, "to-land".
С‚l
drink, drinking, Irish Сѓl, Сѓlaim, Early Irish Сѓl, inf. to ibim, Old Irish oul, *povolo (St.), drinking: *potlo-, root po, pГґ, drink; Latin pСѓto, English potate, etc.; Sanskrit pГў-, drink. Zimmer considers it borrowed from Norse Г¶l, English ale. The root pele, plГЄ, full, has also been suggested; but it is unlikely here.
ola
oil, Irish, Old Irish ola, Welsh olew, Old Welsh oleu, Breton eol; from Latin oleum, English oil.
С‚lach
a hospitable person: "boon-companion"; from С‚l.
olann
wool, so Irish, Early Irish oland, Old Welsh gulan, Welsh gwlan, Cornish gluan, Breton gloan: *vlanГў, *vlano-; Latin lГўna; Greek @Gla@nnos, @Glc@nnos; English wool, Gothic vulla; Lithuanian wilna; Sanskrit u@-/rnГў; Indo-European vl@.nГў, vl@.@-nГў.
olc
bad, Irish olc, Old Irish olcc, olc; cf. Latin ulciscor, revenge, ulcus, wound, English ulcer; Greek @Ge@`\lkos, wound. Bez. suggests Old High German ilki, hunger, Lithuanian alkti, Church Slavonic alkati, hunger.
ollabhar
a great army (M`F.), Irish ollarbhar: oll+ arbhar. For oll, See ollamh: Early Irish arbar, a host, is from ber (see beir).
ollamh
a learned man, a doctor, so Irish, Old Irish ollam, g. ollaman; from Irish oll, great (root pol, pel, plГЄ, full, fill).
С‚mar
amber, Irish omra, Welsh amfer; from the English
omhan , othan
froth of milk or whey, whey whisked into froth (Carm.), Irish uan, Early Irish СЉan, froth, foam, Welsh ewyn, Breton eon: *eveno-, *poveno-; Lithuanian putР°, foam, Lettic putas.
onagaid confusion, row (Dial.); cf. aonagail.
onfhadh
a blast, storm, raging of the sea, Irish anfadh, Early Irish anfud, for an-feth, "excess-wind", feth, aura; root vГЄ, ven, blow; Sanskrit va@-/ta, wind; Greek @Ga@'/cmi, blow, @Ga@'c/r, Latin aer, English air; Lithuanian ve@?jas, wind; further Latin ventus and English wind.
onchon
a standard ( M`F., O'Br.), so Irish, also Irish onchСЉ, leopard, Early Irish onchСЉ, banner, leopard; the idea of "leopard" is the primary one. From French onceau, once, English ounce, leopard.
onoir
respect, honour, Irish onСѓir, Early Irish onСѓir, onoir: from Latin honor.
С‚nrachd
solitude, Irish aonarachd; from aonar, aon.
С‚r
gold, Irish, Old Irish Сѓr, Welsh aur, Cornish our, Breton aour; from Latin aurum.
С‚r-
prefix air, oir, confused often with the prefix p\r-, gold; e.g. С‚rbheart, good (golden!) deed, which is for oirbheart ( See oir-).
С‚rag
sheaf of corn ( H.S.D.), orag ( M`F., Arms.):
oragan
an organ, Irish, Middle Irish orgР±n, Early Irish organ, Welsh organ; from Latin organum, English organ.
С‚raid
a speech, Irish Сѓraid, prayer, oration, Early Irish orait, prayer, orate; from Latin orate, pray ye, oratio, speech.
С‚ran
a song; this is for *auran, from the correct and still existing form amhran, Irish amhrР±n, Middle Irish ambrР±n, Manx arrane; from amb, i.e. mu, about, and rann? Irish amhar, Early Irish amor, music. Cf. Irish amhra, eulogy, especially in verse. Cf. amra (Cholumcille), panegyric.
orair
a porch (orrar, M`D.): "front", from air- or ar- and air, a reduplication really of air, "on-before".
С‚rais
a tumultuous noise (H.S.D. from MSS.):
С‚rd
a hammer, Irish, Middle Irish ord, Old Irish ordd, Welsh gordd, Old Cornish ord, Breton orz, horz, Gallo. Brit. Ordo-vices(?): *ordo-s, *urdo-s, root verdh, urdh, raise, increase, whence or allied are Greek @Go@'rqСѓs, Latin arduus, Gaelic Р°rd, etc.; especially Sanskrit vardhate, raise, increase, grow. See С‚rdag. Thurneysen thinks it perhaps possible that Romance urtare, hit, thrust, French heurter, English hurt, are hence, and Ascoli that French ortail, big toe (orddu = ortu), is from С‚rd, the basis of С‚rdag, q.v.
С‚rd
a mountain of rounded form (topographical only); from С‚rd.
С‚rdag
thumb, Irish ordСѓg, Old Irish orddu, g. ordan: *ordГґs, *urdГґs; same root as С‚rd above.
С‚rdugh
order, Irish ord, ordughadh, Old Irish ord, ordaad, ordination, Welsh urdd, urddawd, ordaining, Breton urz; from Latin ordo.
organ
organ; See oragan.
orra , ortha
orr', or, a charm, incantation, Irish orrtha (Сѓrrtha, Con.), ortha, prayer, charm (in this last sense pronounced arrtha), Early Irish ortha, acc. orthain, prayer (especially in verse); from Latin ГґrГўtionem, English oration.
orrais
squeamishness, nausea:
os
above, Irish os, Сѓs, uas, Old Irish os, uas, Welsh uch, Breton a, us; See uasal for root.
os
an elk, deer, Irish os ( O'Br.), Early Irish os, oss, Welsh uch, pl. uchen, bos, Cornish ohan, boves, Breton oc'hen (do.), Old Breton ohen, boum: *okso-s (for Gaelic), *uksen- (for Brittonic); Gothic auhsa(n), English ox, oxen; Sanskrit ukshР±n, bull.
os
quoth; for ors', from or, ar, say; See arsa.
С‚s
mouth of a river, harbour bar; from Norse Гґss, river mouth; Latin ostium.
osag
a blast, breeze: *ut-sГў, root ut, vet, ve, blow, as in onfhadh.
osan
a hose, stocking, Irish assan, caliga, Old Irish ossa, assa, soccus, Welsh hosan, Cornish hos; from Anglo-Saxon hosa, g. hosan, now hose, ho@-sen, Norse hosa.
oscach
eminent, superior ( Sh., O'Br.), Irish oscР±ch; from os and cР±ch.
oscarach, oscarra
bold, fierce, Irish oscar, champion; from the heroic name , son of (Irish OisРЅn, little deer or os, q.v.). Possibly stands for *ud-scaro-, "out-cutter", root scar of sgar, q.v. Zimmer derives it from Norse Р‘sgeirr, spear of the Anses or gods, and Oisian from the Saxon РЈswine, friend of the Anses; which should give respectively Р‘sgar and РЈisine, but the initial vowels are both o short in Oscar and Oisian. Doomsday Book has Osgar.
С‚sd, С‚sda, tigh С‚sda
an inn, Irish tigh Сѓsda; from Middle English ooste, hСѓst, hotel, house, hospitium, through French from Latin hospitium. Stokes takes it direct from Old French oste.
osnadh
a sigh, so Irish, Old Irish osnad, Welsh uchenaid, uch, Breton huanad. Zimmer has analysed this into os, up, and an (root of anail), breat: "up-breath"; cf. Latin suspirium, from sup-spРЅrium, "up-breath". But consider *ok-s, from uk of och. Cf. Early Irish esnad, Middle Irish easnadh, song, moaning.
ospag, osmag
a gasp, sob, sigh, pang, Irish ospСѓg, uspСѓg, osmСѓg; cf. osnadh. Also uspag, q.v.
ospairn
gasping quickly, sobbing, sighing; from os and spР°irn, q.v. Cf. uspairn.
othail , odhail
confusion, hubbub, also (Dial., where pronounced ow-il), rejoicing; spelt also foghail, fС‚ghail; root gal, as in gal? For odhail, rejoicing, cf. Middle Irish odhach, ceolmar, also uidheach, od, music; root ved; Greek @GСЉdР№o, sing, praise, Sanskrit vadati, sing, praise; Lithuanian vadinu, rufe, root ved, vad, ud, rufen.
othar
ulcer, abscess, Irish othar, sick: *putro-; Latin puter, English putrid; root pГ», pu, English foul, etc.
С‚trach
dunghill, Irish, Middle Irish otrach, dunghill, Old Irish ochtrach (= othrach?), excrement: *puttr-, root put, pu, Latin pГ»teo, puter, as under othar. Irish othrach, dung, *putr.