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An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language (D)

Домой:	Рус	Анг	Ита	Исп	Эсп

Здесь приведен этимологический словарь (на фонему D) гэльского (исконного шотландского) языка - пока на английском языке (см. английский словарный фонд).

D

• dР° two, Irish dР±, Old Irish dР± (m.), dРЅ (f.), da n- (n.), Welsh dau (m.), dwy (f.), Cornish dou, diu, Breton daou, diou, (f.), *dvГў, *dvГўu (m.), dvei (f.), dvabin (dat.); Sanskrit dvau, dvГў, dve (f., n.); Greek @GdСЉw; Latin duГґ: Gothic tuai, English two.
• dabhach a vat, a measure of land (either one or four ploughgates, according to locality and land), Old Gaelic dabach (Book of Deer), Irish dabhach, a vat, *dabГўkГў; Greek @GqР±ptw, bury, @GtР±fos, grave; root dhabh, dhГґbh, deepen, dig out. Cf. Lithuanian du@obiСЉ, hollow out. Bezzenberger suggests alliance with English top, German topf. English tub, if allied to the German zuber, is from the root of two, "a two-eared" vessel. Also dabhoch, and in place-names .
• dР°cha more likely; See dС‚cha.
• dachaidh home (adverb), a home, Irish do thigh, Middle Irish dia tig, home, Early Irish dia thaig; from do and tigh. In Irish the phrase is a prepositional adverb; in Gaelic it ceases to be a phrase and becomes a welded noun.
• dad anything, aught, tittle, Middle Gaelic dad, mote (in sunbeam), Irish dadadh, dadamh, aught, a jot, etc., *da-z-dho-, root da, divide, Lithuanian dalРјs, part, Greek @GdasmСѓs, division? See ++dР°il. Hence dadmun, a mote, and dadum = dad.
• dag a pistol; from Middle English dag, a pistol, from French dague, a dagger, whence Breton dag. The change of meaning from "dagger" to "pistol" is one which occurs in the history of "pistol" itself, for it originally meant "dagger". English dagger is allied.
• daibhir poor, Irish daidhbhir, Middle Irish daidber: *do-adberi-, from do- and adber, *Р±d-bherГґ, Latin adfero. See saoibhir.
• dР°icheil handsome, Irish dСѓigheamhuil, well appointed, decent; See dР±cha, dСѓcha, dС‚igh.
• daidein
• daddy, Irish daidРЅn, daid, Middle Irish datР±n, foster-father, datnait, foster-mother, Welsh tad, Cornish tat; Latin tata; Greek @GtР№tta; Lithuanian tety/tis, Church Slavonic teta; Sanskrit tatР±s. English dad is borrowed from the Welsh (Skeat).
• daigeil firm or well-built (of a man) - Arg. Cf. daingean.
• dail a wooden collar for cattle; cf. Welsh dal, a hold, catch, Breton dal, a holding; root dhГЄ, dhГґ, set? Cf. Greek @Gqc/kc, repository, @GtРЅqcmi, place, Latin facГ®o, etc. But See dР±il, delay.
• dail a dale, meadow, from Norse dalr, English dale.
• dР°il
• delay, credit, Irish dР±il, Middle Irish dР±l, gen. dР±la, respite, *dГўli-; from dvГґl, dvel, whence English dwell, Norse dvГ¶l, delay.
• dР°il a meeting, so Irish, Old Irish dР±l, Old Welsh datl, forum, Welsh dadl, sermo, Old Breton dadlou, curiГ¦, Breton dael, *datlГў, root dha, dhГЄ, set, as in dail (Ernault). Stokes suggests connection with Old Slavonic dГЄ, dicere. ++dР°il, ++dР°l portion, tribe, Irish and Old Irish dР±il, dР±l, Bede daal = part, Dalreudini, later DР±l-riata, Dalriada, the early Scotic kingdom of Argyle, etc: *dГўlo-, root dГў, divide, Greek @GdatР№omai, divide, @GdasmСѓs, division, Lithuanian dalis, a part, Sanskrit da@-/ti, cut off, dalas, part. The verb dailich, distribute, is given in H.S.D. as a dialectic form; the Irish is dР±ilim. Zimmer thinks dР±il, meeting, and dР±il, part, are originally the same.
• dailgneachd prophetic vision. See tairgneachd.
• dР°imh relationship, Irish dР±mh, tribe, family, Early Irish dР±m: *dГўmГў, tribe, company; Greek @Gdc@nmos, Dor. @Gda@nmos, people, tribe, English democracy. It is usual to compare Old Welsh dauu, cliens, Welsh daw (dawf), son-in-law, Middle Breton deuff, Breton den (do.); but these words may be allied to Greek @GdР±mar, spouse, and be from the root dam, dom, house.
• daingean strong, firm, so Irish, Old Irish daingen, Welsh dengyn, barbarous, *dangeno-, firm, hard, verb *dengГґ, Early Irish dingim, press. Bezzenberger compares Norse tengja, fasten, tie together, Anglo-Saxon tengan, press, Old High German gi-zengi, conjunctus. Thurneysen compares Welsh tengyn, obstinate, and Greek tangoner, press. It is possible to connect daingean with Norse dyngja, heap, women's apartment, Anglo-Saxon ding, carcer, Lithuanian dengiu, cover; perhaps Old High German tunc, earth-house, English dung.
• dР°ir inire vaccam, Irish dР±ir, Middle Irish dair, *dГўrГґ, root dhr@-@.-, dhoro, Greek @Gqrw/skw, spring, @GqorСѓs, semen viri, Sanskrit dha@-/ra, stream, seed.
• dairireach rattling noise, Early Irish der-drethar, cries, Welsh dГўr, noise, daredd, tumultuous noise, root der, dher, as in Greek @Gqrc@nnos, dirge, Sanskrit dhran@., sound, English drone. See dС‰rd and stairirich.
• dais a heap of hay or peats, Old Irish ais, a heap, Welsh dГўs, Old Welsh das, Middle Breton dastum, to mass, *dasti- (for Gaelic and Welsh); Anglo-Saxon tass (whence French tas). Bezzenberger and Stokes correlate it with Norse des, hay heap, Scottish dass.
• dais, dois a blockhead (H.S.D.), daiseachan, insipid rhymer (Arms.); seemingly borrowed from the Scottish dawsie, stupid, dase stupefy. For root, See dР°sachd. Norse dasi, lazy fellow.
• dais a musical instrument:
• daithead a diet; from the English See dРјot.
• dala one of two; See under dara.
• dall blind, Irish, Early Irish dall, Welsh, Breton dall, Cornish dal, *dvalno-, Indo-European dhvl@.-no-; Gothic dvals, foolish, English dull; Latin fallo, cheat (= dhalnСѓ); Greek @GqolerСѓs, turbid. Hence inter alia, dallag, a field shrew, a mole, Irish dallСѓg.
• dallanach a winnowing fan; from dall.
• dalma bold, forward, obstinate: "vigorous"?, root dhl@. in duille.
• dalta foster-son, god-son, Old Gaelic dalta (Book of Deer), Irish dalta, Old Irish dalte, *daltaio-s, root dhГЄ, dhГЄl, suck; Greek @Gqc@nlus, female; Latin fГЄlo, suck, femina; etc. (Stokes, Strachan). See deoghail. It has been usual to refer dalta to the root al of altram, the d being considered as the remains of de, the prepositional prefix (*de-altjo-s).
• dР°m a dam; from the English
• dР°mais
• draughts, bord dР°mais, draught board; from the Scottish dams, dambrod, German dambrett, from French dame, dame, draughts, Latin domina.
• damh ox, stag, so Irish, Old Irish dam, Cornish da, dama, Middle Breton dauat, sheep, Breton danvad, sheep, demm, roe, *damo-s; Latin dГўma, damma, deer; Greek @GdamР±lcs, a stier, @GdР±malis, a calf; Sanskrit damya, untamed stier. Allied is English tame, Latin domare, English domestic, etc.
• dР°mhair rutting time; for damh-dhР°ir, from damh and dР°ir (H.S.D.).
• dР°mhair ( H.S.D.), damhair ( Sh., Arms.), earnest, keen:
• damhan-allaidh spider, Irish damhР±n-alla, Old Irish damР±n n-allaid (g.pl.), "wild little deer"; See damh and allaidh.
• damnadh cursing, condemnation, so Irish, Middle Irish damnad; from Latin damnatio.
• dР°n fate, destiny, Irish dР±n; cf. Middle Irish dР±n, gift, Welsh dawn, gift, talent, Latin dГґnum, root dСѓ, Greek @GdРЅdwmi, give, Sanskrit dГў, give.
• dР°n a poem, Irish dР±n, song, Old Irish dР±n, g. dР±no, ars. *dГўsnu-, root dГўs, know; Greek @Gdc/nea, plans, arts, @Gdac/mon, skilful; Church Slavonic danhanh, wisdom; Sanskrit damsР±na, miracle (Stokes).
• dР°n bold, Irish dР±na, Old Irish dР±ne, dР±na, *dГўsnavo-s, from the root of dР±n above (Stokes).
• danns
• dance (thou), dannsa, damhsa, a dance, Irish damhsa, Welsh dawns; from the English
• dao obstinate, Old Irish doe, g. doi, tardus, *dausio-s; Anglo-Saxon dysig, foolish, English dizzy, Old High German tusГ®c, stultus, German thor, foolish (Stokes, Windisch).
• daobhaidh wicked, perverse (Heb.); See dao.
• daoch strong dislike, horror, daochan, anger (Sh.):
• daoi wicked, a wicked man, Irish daoi, a wicked or foolish person; opposite of saoi (with do-, *du-), which See for root.
• daoimean a diamond; from the English
• daol, daolag a beetle, Irish daol, Early Irish dael, doel, dail: *daoilo-, root dei, di, as in dian, q.v. Stokes connects with Middle Irish dael, grightsomeness, root dvei, fright, Greek @GdР№os, a fright, Sanskrit dvis, hate.
• daolair a lazy man, a niggard, Irish daol, lazy ( O'R.):
• daonnan , daondan continually, always *d'aon-tan (?), "from one time". Cf. greis.
• daor enslaved, so Irish, Old Ir dСѓir; opposite of saor (with negative (do), *du-), which See for root.
• daor
• dear, Irish daor, daoradh, making dear (Four Masters); from Middle English deere, deore, dear (Stokes).
• daorach intoxication; cf. Scottish deray, mirthful noise at a banquet, Middle English derai, disorder, from French desroi, dis-array.
• dar when (conj.), Northern form for 'n uair; probably d'uair = do-uair.
• dara second, so Irish; Middle Gaelic darle (Oss. Ballad, Fernaig MS), *ind-araile, "the other", from ind = an, the, and Old Irish araile, alius = ar+aile, air+ eile, q.v., alalijos, Breton arall. Also an dala, the one of two, Old Irish, indala, from ind and aile, that is an and eile. Further, dР°rna (= dala), Early Irish indarna, *ind-araile n-ai, the one of them (two), Old Irish indala n-ai, where Р±i, eorum, is the pl. of a, his.
• darach oak, Irish dair, darach, Early Irish dair, gen. darach, Welsh, Cornish dar, *darik-; Latin larix, English larch; Greek (Macedonian) @GdР±rullos, oak, @Gdru@ns (do.), dСѓru, spear; English tree, etc. Hence darach, body of a boat.
• darcan the hollow of the hand (Dialectic, H.S.D.); cf. deР°rna.
• darcan a teal:
• dР°rna one of two; See under dara.
• darnaig
• darn, darning; from the English darning, which is itself from Welsh darn, piece, patch (root dera, split, English tear).
• dР°sachd rage, madness, Middle Gaelic dР±sacht (M`V.), Irish dР±sachd, Old Irish dР±sacht, insania; Anglo-Saxon dwР±es, foolish, Scottish dawsie, Dutch dwaas, senseless (Strachan).
• dath colour, Irish, Early Irish dath, *datu-; from the root dha, dhГЄ, place, as in dail, etc.?
• dР°th singe, Irish doghaim, Early Irish dСѓthim, inf. dСѓud, daif (n.), Breton deuiff, to burn, *daviГґ, I burn; Greek daРЅw, burn; Sanskrit du, dunСѓti, burn, davas, a brand.
• dathas fallow deer; damhasg, dabhasg; from damh+ seasg (?).
• de of, Irish de, Old Irish de, di, Old Welsh di, Welsh y, Cornish the, Breton di, *de, *di, *dГЄ; Latin dГЄ; from dvГЄ, a case-form from dvГґ, two. Gaelic and Irish confuse this prep. with do, to; a confusion which even extends to Old Irish in pre-accentual de compounds. Hence do of the past tenses: do chaidh, went, i.e., deach; do rinn, did, from do-gnРЅu, I do, etc.
• dР№ what; also gu dР№; a curtailed form of ciod Рё, "what is it"; from ciod and Рё, q.v. Ir caidР№, Galway godР№.
• dР№, an dР№ yesterday, Irish anР№, (andР№), Old Irish indhР№, Welsh y ddoe, Breton deac'h, Middle Breton dech, *sendi-gesi, art. an and *gesi; Latin heri (= *hesГ®); Greek @GhqР№s; English yesterday. The Celtic forms are all influenced by the word for "to-day", Gaelic an diu, Old Irish indiu, Welsh heddyw, dyw; from diu, *divo, day, q.v. Zimmer in fact refers the word to the root of diu ( Zeit.@+30 17). *jesi, ghjesi, heri, etc. (St.).
• dР№: teine dР№ Middle Irish tene dРЅait, lightning; *deia, shine with -anti or -anta (n.) (St.).
• dРёabh
• drain, dry up, dРёabhadh (pronounced dРё-u), shrinking (as the staves of a wooden vessel), Dialectic deС‚; Indo-European dhevo-, run, English dew, Greek @GqР№w, run, Sanskrit dhav, run, flow.
• deacaid boddice, jacket; from English jacket.
• deacair
• difficult, surly, Irish deacair, Old Irish deccair; for di-acar: prep. de and acar, as in socair, q.v.
• deach went; the post-particicle or enclitic form of do chaidh, q.v. Irish deachaidh, Old Irish dechud.
• deachd
• dictate, so Irish, deachdadh (n.); from Latin dicto, dictatio, whence English dictation.
• deagh good, Irish deagh, Old Irish deg-, dag-, Welsh da, Cornish da, bonum (gl.), Gaulish Dago-, *dago-, *dego-, "good, acceptable"; Greek @GdР№hesqai, receive. Further allied to Greek @GdexiСѓs, right, @GdР№komai receive; Latin dexter, right, decus, doceo; Gaelic deas, Old Irish dech, best (superlative to deagh or maith).
• deaghad living, diet, morals (Uist); See dРјot.
• deaghaidh see dР№idh.
• deal friendly (H.S.D., M`E.); See dРјleas.
• deal, deala a leech, Irish deal, a blood-sucker ( O'R.); from Indo-European root dhГЄ, suck, as in deoghail, q.v. Cf. Lithuanian de@?le@?, leech; also Irish (and Gaelic in Dict. therefrom) deala, teat, Early Irish del.
• dealaich separate, Irish dealuighim, Early Irish deligim, deil, separation; Indo-European delo-, to split, Sanskrit dalРЅtas, split, Greek @GdР№ltos, tablet, Lithuanian dalis, part. Cf. ++dР°il, part.
• dealan, dealanach lightning, Irish dealР±n, spark, flaming coal, *dilo-: root di, dei (dГЄi), deya (Fick), shine; Greek @GdР№elos (= @GdР№j-elos), conspicuous, @Gdc@nlos, clear; Sanskrit dГ®, shine; further is *dei-vo-s, whence Gaelic dia, etc. Middle Irish tene-gelain, "lightning", now "will o' the wisp"; tene-gelan, fireflaught.
• dealan-dР№ butterfly, Irish dalР±n-dР№, dealР±n-dР№. The Gaelic also means the phenomenon observed by shirling a stick lighted at the end. Apparently the meaning is "God's fire". For dР№, See dia.
• dealan-doruis
• door-bolt ( Sh., O'R.); See deil.
• dealas zeal, dealasach, zealous; from the English zeal, zealous.
• dealbh form, so Irish, Old Irish delb, Welsh delw, Breton -delu, *delvo-, root del; Latin dolare, hew, dolo, a pike; Greek @GdaidР±llw, embellish, work cunningly; Old High German zol, log; Church Slavonic dely, vat.
• dealg a pin, skewer, so Irish, Old Irish delg, Middle Welsh dala, sting, fang, Welsh dal, a catch, Cornish delc, monile, *delgos; Anglo-Saxon telgan virgultum, twig, Dutch telg, Middle High German zelge, Norse tjР±lgr, a prong; Lithuanian dalgРЅs, scythe (?). Bezzenberger compares Norse dР±lkr, a cloak pin; cf. Anglo-Saxon dalc, buckle.
• dealradh brightness, so Irish, Early Irish dellrad, jubar; from deal-, as in dealan, q.v.
• dealt
• dew, Irish dealt, Middle Breton, Breton delt, moist, damp:
• dealunn loud barking (H.S.D.); See deileann.
• deamhan a demon, so Irish, Old Irish demon; from Latin daemon, from Greek @GdaРЅmwn, English demon.
• deamhais, deimheis shears, Irish deimheas (pronounced dРЅos), Early Irish demess, *di-mess, "two-edged"; from di of da, two, and Early Irish mess, edge (Cormac's Gl.), "cutter", from root met, mow, cut, as in meath, meith, cut, prune, Latin meto. Cf. Gaul, mataris.
• dРёan
• do, Irish dР№an (imper.), Old Irish dР№n, dР№nim: enclitic or post-particle form of Old Irish dognРЅu, Gaelic nРј, I do; from de, of, and gnГ® of gnРјomh, q.v. Inf. dРёanamh (= de-gnГ®mu-).
• deann haste, speed; cf. Early Irish denmne, haste, which Cormac explains as di-ainmne, "non-patience", from ainmne, patience; root men, wait (Latin maneo, etc.).
• deannag a small pinch, a grain, deannach, mill dust, Irish deanСѓg, a pinch, grain:
• deannal conflict, stir, so Irish (O'R.); from deann. In the sense of "flash" (H.S.D.), deannal seems a metathetical form of dealan.
• deanntag a nettle, Irish neantСѓg, Middle Irish nenntСѓg, Early Irish nenaid, *nenadi-, for *ne-nadi, a reduplicated form; Anglo-Saxon netele, English nettle; Lithuanian nР№ndre@?, pipe, tube. The t of Gaelic and Irish is due to the same phonetic law that gives teine the pl. teintean.
• dearail poor, wretched, Irish dearСѓil, Early Irish derСѓil, feeble, Old Irish derСѓil, penuria, from der-, privative prefix (see deР°rgnaidh), and Сѓil, abundance, which Windisch has referred to *pГўli-, a form of the root pl@., pel, full, as in lР±n.
• dearbadan, dearbadan-dР№ butterfuly ( M`D., H.S.D.):
• dearbh certain, so Irish, Old Irish derb, *dervo-; Indo-European drevo-, whence Anglo-Saxon treСѓwe, English true, German treu.
• dearc, dearcag a berry, so Irish, Old Irish derc, *derkes-, Sanskrit drГўkshГў, grape, vine (Stokes); root derk, see, the idea being "conspicuous". Cf. Greek @GdrР±kwn, dragon, @GdorkР±s, gazelle, from the root derk, see. See dearc, behold. The Old Irish derucc, g. dercon, glans, is, like German eichel, glans (from eiche, oak), from the root of darach, oak (Zimmer).
• dearc, dearc-luachrach a lizad, Irish earcluachra, the " earc of the rashes", Middle Irish erc, speckled, red, Irish earc, salmon, Welsh erch, fuscus, darkish, *erko-s, for perko-; Greek @GperknСѓs, dark-blue, @GpР№rkc, a perch; Sanskrit pr@.Г§nis, speckled; German forelle, a trout, Old High German forhanna. For meaning, cf. breac, a trout, "the speckled one". The d of Gaelic dearc belongs to the article. ++dearc an eye, a cave, hole, Irish dearc (do.), Old Irish derc (do.); from the root derk, behold. See verb dearc: "eye-pit" gives the meaning "cave". Shaw has deirc for "pit" in Engl.Gael. section.
• dearc behold, see, Irish dearcaim, Old Irish dercaim, video, derc, eye, *derkГґ, I see, perfect *dedorka (cf. chunnairc = con-darc Indo-European derk, see; Greek @GdР№rkomai, @GdР№dorka, have seen; Old High German zoraht, bright; Sanskrit darГ§, see.
• dearg red, so Irish, Old Irish derg, *dhergo-s; English dark, Anglo-Saxon deorc.
• deargad, deargant a flea, Irish deargР±n, dreancuid, deargnuid, Early Irish dergnat: *derg-nat, "reddener", from dearg, red?
• deР°rgnaidh unlearned (Arms.; M`A. says "Irish"), Irish deargnaidh, *der-gnadi-; from der-, privative prefix (di+ air, See de and air), and root gnГў, gen, know, as in aithne.
• deР°rlan brimful; *der-lР±n; from intensive prefix der (= de+ ro) and lР°n, full.
• dearmad neglect, forgetfulness, so Irish, Old Irish dermet, *der-mР№t; from der-, priv. particle (see deР°rgnaidh) and mР№t, *mento-, mind; root men, think; Latin mens, mentio, commentum; English mind; etc.
• dearmail anxiety ( M`D.), anxious ( H.S.D.):
• deР°rn
• do, Irish deР±rnaim, Old Irish derninn, facerem, *di-ro-gnГ®-, a side form of dРёan with infixed ro. See dРёan.
• deР°rna the palm of the hand, Irish dР№arna, Early Irish derna; cf. Greek @Gdw@nron, palm, handbreadth, @GdР±ris, the distance between the thumb and little finger, a span (Hes.), @Gdarei@`r, the distance between the big and little fingers (Hes.). It is further referred to the Indo-European root der, split, open (Fick, Prellwitz).
• dearras keenness, obstinacy; See diarras.
• deР°rrsach a swig of liquor (Wh.):
• deР°rrsadh radiance, effulgence, Irish dearsgaim, dearsgnaim, I polish, burnish, Middle Irish dersnaigim, explain, make clear, *de-ro-sec-, root sec, see, English see? Hence deР°rrsgnuРјdh burnished, brilliant. The word ++deР°rsgnaidh excellent, is allied to Old Irish dersigem, prГ¦cellimus, dirСѓsci, excels, doroscai, prГ¦stet, *di-roscag- (Thurneysen), *roscag = ro-od-sec-, root sec, pass, as in seach? Early Irish dersciagthech, splendid.
• deas right, south, Irish deas, Old Irish dess, Welsh deheu, Cornish dyghow, Middle Breton dehou, *dekso-s, *deksivo-s (Stokes); Latin dexter; Greek @GdexiСѓs; Gothic taihsva; Lithuanian deszine@? (n.), Church Slavonic desi@unu@u, right; Sanskrit daksina-s.
• deasbair a disputant, deasbaireachd, disputation, Irish deaspoirim ( O'R., Sh.); cf. cuspair.
• deasbud a dispute; from the English dispute, Latin disputo.
• deasgainn rennet, barm, deasgadh, lees, yeast, Irish deasgadh, lees, Old Irish descad, faex, fermentum, leaven *desc-Гўtu (Z. 803): *disc-atu-; cf. Latin faex, for Г°aix. Gaelic root dik, whence dik-sko, then desc-.
• deasgraich a terogeneous mass (= dreamsgal, H.S.D.):
• deasmaireas curiosity, deasmas (Sh.), Irish deismireach, deismis, curious ( O'Br., O'R.):
• deasoireach spicy ( Sh., H.S.D.):
• deat an unshorn year-old sheep or wedder, deathaid, *det-anti-, "sucking one"; from det, de, suck. See deoghail.
• deatam anxiety; cf. Old Irish dethitiu, dethiden, care. For root, See dРјdean. M`A. has also deatamach, necessary, which seems allied.
• deathach , deatach smoke, Irish, Middle Irish deatach, Old Irish dР№, g. diad, Early Irish dethach, detfadach, smoky, Welsh dywy, vapour. From Indo-European root dhГЄu, dheu, dhu, dhve, smoke, air; Latin fГ»mus, smoke; Greek @GqumiР±w, to smoke; Church Slavonic dymu@u (n.); Sanskrit dhГ»mas. Irish dР№ is for di@-vГў, from dhГЄu, or dhГЄv; the gen. diad is phonetically like the nom. biad, food (*bivoto-n). The form deatach is probably for *dett-acos, dett being from dhve (cf. Greek @GqeСѓs, for @Gqes-Сѓs, from dhve-s-). The t (= tt) of deatach is difficult to account for. For phonetics cf. beathach.
• dР№ibhleid a feeble or awkward person, Middle Irish dР№blР№n, Early Irish dedblР№n, weakling, from dedbul, weak; the opposite of adhbhal, q.v. (di-adbul). Stokes allows the alternate possibility of it being from Latin dГЄbilis; See dРјblidh.
• deic, cha deic convenient; cf. Old Irish tecte, becoming, anas tecte, quod decet:
• deich ten, so Irish, Old Irish deich n-, Old Welsh dec, Welsh deg, Cornish dek, Breton dec, *dekn@.; Latin decem; Greek @GdР№ka; Gothic taihun, English ten; Sanskrit dР±Г§an. deicheamh, tenth, Old Irish dechmad, Welsh decvet, Cornish degves, Breton decvet, *dekm@.meto-s (Brug.), an extension (by the superlative suffix -to-) of *dekm@.mo-s, Latin decimus.
• dР№ide, dР№ideadh toothache, Irish dР№ideadh. See deud.
• dР№ideag a pebble, toy; cf. Р№iteag.
• dР№idh
• desire; a noun formed from the adverbial phrase an dР№idh, after.
• dР№idh , an dР№idh after, Irish a n-diaigh, Old Irish i n-dead, post, Early Irish i n-diaid, from Old Irish dР№ad, finis, Welsh diwedd, finis, Cornish deweth, Breton diuez, *dГЄ-ved-on (Stokes); from the root ved, lead, as in toiseach, q.v. (Stokes prefers ved of feadhainn. Also deidh, dР№igh, the latter a bad form etymologically. The Old Irish had also the form degaid (= di-agaid), the opposite of i n-agid, now an aghaidh, against, adversus.
• deidhinn , mu dheidhinn concerning, of; cf. Early Irish dР±gin, daigind, im dР±gin, because of, because, dР±ig, dР№ig, for the sake of, because (prep. and conj.), Old Irish dР№g, quia. See dС‚igh.
• deifir haste, speed, Irish deifir, deithfir, Middle Irish deithbhireach (O'Cl.), speedy, busy; to which Stokes and Ernault compare Welsh difrif, serious, Middle Breton adevry, seriously.
• deigh ice, Irish oighear, snow, leac-oighir, ice, Old Irish aig, g. ega, aigred, Welsh ia, Cornish iey, glacies, Breton yen, cold, *jagi-, ice; Norse jaki, piece of ice, jГ¶kull, iceberg, Anglo-Saxon gicel, piece of ice, English icicle (= РЅs-gicel); Lit iz@?as, ice lump. The d of Gaelic is prothetic, arising from the art.: Old Irish ind-aig.
• deighlean a quire of paper ( Sh., O'Br.), Irish deighleР±n:
• deil an axle, Irish deil, an axle, rod, turner's lathe, Old Irish deil, rod, Cornish dele, antempna, Old Breton deleiou, antemnarum, Breton delez, *deli-, *deljo-; Indo-European root del, split. See dealaich. Stokes refers it to the root dhel, whence German dolde, umbel, Old High German tola, racemus, Greek @GqР±los, a short twig; as in duileasg, q.v.
• deil , dil keen, diligent (Arg.); formed from dealas, zealous.
• deil leech; Dialectic for deal.
• deilbh a forming, warping (for weaving), so Irish; See dealbh.
• dР№ile a plank, deal; from the English deal.
• deileann loud, sharp barkings, Early Irish deilm, stem delmen, noise, alarm:
• deileas a grudging, eagerness; See dealas.
• deilgneach thorny, prickly, Irish deilgneach, thorns; from dealg. , the prickly sensation in a numbed limb.
• dР№ilig
• deal with, a dealing; from English dealing.
• deillseag a slap with the open hand, dР№iseag:
• deiltreadh gilding, lacquering; *deilt-rad, from ++deilt separation, root del of dealaich?
• deimheis a shears; See deamhais.
• deimhinn certain, Irish deimhin, Old Irish demin, demnithir, certius, *demeni-, Indo-European root dhГЄ, set, fix, dhemen-, setting, Greek @GqР№menai, set, @GqР№ma, a pledge, theme, @GqР№mis, law, "something laid down"; English doom, deem; etc.
• dР№ine eagerness; See dian.
• deir , a deir says (said), inquit, Irish deirim, Old Irish adbeir, dicit; deir is the root-accented fort (*ad-bР№rГґ) of abair (the prepositional accuented form, *Р±d-berГґ). See abair. The a of a deirim belongs to the ad-, while the d of it takes the place of b in the root (ber).
• dР№irc alms, so Irish, Middle Irish dР№arc, desheirc, Old Irish dearc, deircc, desercc (caritas), for de-shercc; See seirc, love.
• deireadh end, so Irish, Old Irish dered, Old Gaelic derad (Book of Deer): *der-vedo-n, root ved as in dР№idh, q.v.? Ascoli suggests that der is the basis, the opposite of er, front, from the proposition air (*pare). Hence deireas, injury.
• dР№is, an dР№is after, so Irish, Old Irish di Р№is, retro, Old Gaelic daneis, after them (di-an-Р№is), Old Irish Р№is, footstep, track, *in-sti, root sto, sta, stand, Latin instare? Strachan gives the stem as *encsi-, from eng, footstep, as in eang, q.v.; Stokes takes it from *pend-ti, root ped, as in eadh, English foot.
• deis-dР№ a sanctuary, halting place, halt (Wh.); dess dР№, "God's right hand" (K.Meyer in "King Eochaid").
• deisciobul a disciple, Irish deisciobal, Old Irish descipul, Welsh dysgybl, Breton diskibil; from Latin discipulus.
• deise a suit of clothes; from deas. Irish, Middle Irish deise, a robe; Early Irish deis, entourage of chief. Cf. for meaning English suit.
• dР№iseag a slap; See deillseag.
• deiseil southward, sun-ward, Early Irish dessel; from deas and sel (*svel), Welsh chwyl. See deas and seal.
• deismireach curious; See deasmaireas.
• dР№istinn , dР№isinn
• disgust, Irish dР№istion, edge (set the teeth on edge), disgust. Cf. Middle Irish dР№istiu, refuse of everything, posterity, from dР№is?
• deithneas , deithneamhach etc.; from dР№ine, from dian.
• deС‚ breath, Irish deСѓ in gu deo, ever, *dveso-; Indo-European dhves, breathe; Welsh dywy? Lithuanian dve@?sti, breath, dvР±se@?, spirit, breath, Russ. dvochati; Greek @GqeСѓs, god (= @Gqes-Сѓs); Middle High German getwГўs, ghost.
• deoch a drink, Irish deoch, g. dighe, Old Irish deug, g. dige, *degu-. To degu- Bezzenberger cfs. Lithuanian daz@?y/ti, dip, wet, tinge. Welsh diod, Middle Breton diet, are referred by Stokes to the root dhГЄ, suck, as in deoghail, or to *dГЄ-patu (Latin potus).
• deС‚dhas, deС‚thas eagerness, desire (deothas, M`F., O'R.); from dhevo-, Greek @GqР№w, run, @GqumСѓs, soul, etc. See deathach.
• deoghail suck, Irish diuilim, deolaim, Middle Irish diul (n., dat.), *delu-, root del as in deal, leech; Indo-European dhГЄ, suck; Latin fГЄlare, suck, fГЄmina, woman, "suck-giver"; Greek @Gqc@nlus, female, @Gqclc/, teat, @GqclР±zw, suck; Sanskrit dhР±yati (do.). The Breton forms show n; Breton dena, suck. See dРјonag.
• deС‚idh , fa dheС‚idh at last, finally, Irish fР± dheoidh, Old Irish fo diud, postremo; dat. case of Old Irish dР№ad, end. See dР№idh for derivation.
• deС‚in assent, Irish, Early Irish deСѓin, *degni-; Indo-European root deg, degh; Greek @GdokР№w, seem, @GdСѓxa, opinion, @Gdidahc/, teaching, Latin doceo, doctrina, etc. See deagh, good.
• deСѓradh an alien, Irish deСѓraidh, a stranger, exile, Middle Irish deorad. Stokes thinks the word is borrowed from Brittonic - Breton devroet, depaysР№, "dis-countrified" (di-brog-, See brugh), Cornish diures, exul. deС‚radh: opposite of urradh, guarantor, = di-urradh (Jub.). air-rad (Meyer). Hence the name Dewar.
• dethein a heated boring iron: *dР№thР№ine, the accent being on the second portion teine, fire. For dР№, See dealan-dР№.
• detheoda henbane (M`D.):
• detРјach, deteigheach the gullet, weasand (M`D., Sh., etc.): peculiar as accented on iach, properly det-РЅach; Dial. it-ioch, epiglottis (Arg.).
• deubh shrink; See dРёabh.
• deubhann a fetter for a horse:
• deuchainn, diachainn a trial, attempt, Irish d'fhР№achain, to see. See feuch, feuchainn.
• deud a tooth, Irish dР№ad, Old Irish dР№t, Welsh dant, Cornish dans, Breton dant. dn@.tГў (Stokes); Latin dens (dentis); Greek @Go@'doСЉs (g. @Go@'dСѓntos); English tooth, Gothic tunГѕus; Lithuanian dantРјs; Sanskrit dant-.
• deug, diag -teen, e.g., cСѓig-deug, fif-teen, Irish dР№ag, Old Irish dР№c, deac, Welsh deng, ten (?). The exact relationship of deug to deich is difficult to decide. The other Indo-European languages, as a rule, make 13 to 19 by combining the unit numeral with 10, as German drei-zehn, Anglo-Saxon Г°rРЅtР№ne, Latin tridecim. *dvei-penge (St.).
• deur , diar a tear, drop, Irish dР№ar, deСѓr, Old Irish dР№r, Welsh, Cornish, dagr, Old Breton dacr, Middle Breton dazrou, tears, *dakru; Greek @GdР±kru; Latin lacrima, for dacrima; English tear, Gothic tagr. Di- -day; the prefix in the names of the days of the week, Irish, Old Irish dia, die (Old Irish), Welsh dydd, Cornish det (for dedh), Breton dez, dijas (*dejes-?); Latin diГЄs; Sanskrit dyР±СЉs, day, sky; Greek @GZeСЉs, @GDiСѓs, Jove. Allied to dia, god. , Sunday, Irish Domhnach, Early Irish domnach, from Latin (dies) dominica, Lard's day - dominus, lord; , Monday, Irish Dia-luain, Middle Irish luan, Welsh Dydd Llun, from Latin dies LunГ¦, "day of the moon"; , Tuesday, Irish Dia-mairt, Early Irish mР±irt, Welsh Dydd mawrth, from Latin dies Martis, "day of Mars"; , , Wednesday, Irish Dia-cР№adaoine, Old Irish cР№tР±in, cР№tСѓin, de cР№tain ( de = dia = Latin die), dia cetР±РЅne, from ceud, first, and aoine, fast, q.v., Early Irish Р±ine: "day of the first fast", Friday being the second and chief day; , Thursday, Irish Dia-dhardaoin, Early Irish dardСѓen = etar dР± Сѓin, "between two fasts" - the day between the two fasts of Wednesday and Friday; , Friday, Irish Dia-aoine, Dia-haoine, Early Irish Р±ine, dia Р±ine, Old Irish dia oine dРЅdine (day of the last fast): "day of the fast", from aoine, fast, q.v.; , Saturday, Irish Dia-sathuirn, Middle Irish satharn, dia sathairn, from Latin dies Saturni, day of Saturn.. The days of the week were originally named (in Egypt) after the seven planets of the ancients - Sun, Moon, Mars, Mercury, Jove, Jove, Venus, Saturn.
• di-, diom-, dim-, dРЅ-, dРј- negative prefix, Irish dРЅ, dРЅo-, Old Irish dРЅ, Welsh di, *dГЄ; Latin dГЄ, of. See de. Also dim-, diom- (dРјmeas, dimbrigh, diombuaidh, diomal).
• dia a god, so Irish, Old Irish dРЅa, Welsh duw, Old Welsh duiu, Cornish duy, Breton doe, Gaulish dГЄvo, @GDeiouona = DГ®vona, *deiuo-s; Latin dГ®vus (for deiuos), deified one, deus; Greek @Gdi@nos, divine; Norse tРЅvar, gods, English Tues-day, "day of Tiw", the war-god; Lithuanian dР№@"vas, Prussian deiwas; Sanskrit devР±. Hence diadhaidh, pious, Irish diadha, Old Irish diade, divinus.
• diabhol
• devil, Irish diabhal, Old Irish diabul, Welsh diawl, Breton diaoul; from Latin diabolus, whence also English devil.
• diachadaich especially (Heb.):
• diallaid a saddle, so Irish, Middle Irish diallait, cloak, Old Irish dillat, clothes, Welsh dillad, Middle Breton dillat.
• dialtag a bat, Irish ialtСѓg. See ialtag.
• diamhain idle; See dРјomhain rather.
• diamhair secret, Irish diamhair, Middle Irish, Early Irish diamair, Old Irish diamair, dimair. Root mar, remain; dРЅ-mar, disappear?
• dian keen, hasty, so Irish, Old Irish dРЅan, *deino-s; root dei, dГ®, hasten; Greek @GdРЅemai, hasten; Sanskrit dГ®, dГ®yati, hurry, allied to the root dГ®, div, shine.
• dianag a two-year-old sheep; cf. Old Irish dРЅnu, lamb, from the root dhГЄ, suck. See deoghail. But Scottish dinmont? Diardaoin Thursday; See Di-.
• diardan anger, Irish dРЅardaoin, Early Irish diartain; from di-, intensive prefix (Early Irish dРЅ, as in dРЅmСѓr, excessively great), from de, and ardan, pride. Cf. andiaraid, wrathful.
• diarras, dРјorras stubbornness, vehemence, Irish dРЅorruisg, fierceness, rashness: dРЅ-rР№idh?
• dias an ear of corn, so Irish, Old Irish dРЅas, Welsh twys (pl.): *steipsГў, root steip, stiff, Latin stipes, stake, stipula, English stiff? Cf. geug and Welsh cang, ysgainc, for phonetics.
• dibheach an ant (H.S.D. quotes only O'R., while Arms. makes it obsolete; M`A. has it), Irish dibheach: *de+beach?
• dibhfhearg vengeance, indignation, Irish dibhghearg, dРЅbhfearg (Keat.), Early Irish dРЅbР№rg; from dim and fearg; See di- of diardan.
• dibhirceach
• diligent (Sh.; H.S.D., which refers to C.S., but neither in M`A. nor M`E.), Irish dibhirceach, diligent, violent (O'Br., etc.):
• dРјbir forsake; See dРјobair.
• dibith, dimbith luckless, lifeless (Carm.):
• dРјblidh abject, vile, Irish dРЅbligh, Old Irish diblide, senium; seemingly from Latin dГЄbilis, weak, feeble (English debilitate, etc.). Zim. (Zeit. @+24) has suggested *dРЅ-adbul, "un-great", from adbul, i.e. adhbhal, q.v.
• dРјbrigh, dimbrigh contempt, Irish dimbrigh; from dim-, dРЅ-, and brРјgh, q.v.
• dРјchioll
• diligence, Irish dРЅthchioll: *dРЅcell-; for cell, See timchioll. Or from ciall, sense; "attention to"? Di-ciadaoin Wednesday; See Di-.
• dРјd a peep; an onomatopoetic word.
• dРјdean protection, a fort, Irish dРЅdean, Old Irish dРЅtiu, g. dРЅten, *di-jemtion- (Stokes); root jem, cover, protect, Lettic ju'mju, ju'mt, cover a roof. The Old Irish verb is do-emim tueor. Ascoli makes the root em, as in Latin emo, buy. Cf. eiridinn. Di-dС‚mhnuich Sunday; See Di-.
• difir
• difference, Irish difir, dithfir, Middle Irish dethbir; from Latin differo, English differ.
• dРјg a wall of loose stones, a dike; from the Scottish dike, English dike.
• dil eager, keen. See deil.
• dРјl, dРјle dРјlinn a flood, Irish dРЅle, pl. dРЅleanna, Early Irish dРЅli, g. dРЅlenn, diluvium; from Latin diluvium (Stokes), whence English deluge.
• dile
• dill (M`D.); from the English
• dРјleab a legacy, Irish dilb (O'R.):
• dileag a small drop; from dРјle, flood.
• dРјleas
• dear, faithful, Irish dРЅleas, Old Irish dРЅles, proprius, own, *dГЄlesto-, dГЄl, Indo-European dhГЄl, dhГЄ, suck, Latin filius, femina, etc. See deoghail. Zeuss has suggested di+leas, from leas, advantage.
• dРјleigh
• digest, dРјleaghadh, digesting, Irish dРјleaghadh, from di-leagh, root of leagh, melt.
• dileum (accent on leum), a shackle; di-+ leum, q.v.
• dРјlinn, leac dhРјlinn a stone in situ, a rock appearing above ground: "natural", from dРјl- as in dРјleas.
• dРјlleachdan an orphan, Irish dРЅlleachda, Old Irish dilechtu, orfani: "derelict", from di- and leig, let go (di-le@-c-, let go).
• dimbrigh contempt; See dРјbrigh.
• dРјmeas contempt, Irish dРЅmheas, Old Irish dРЅmess; from dРЅ-, dРЅm-, and meas.
• dinn press, force down, squeeze, Irish dingim, ding, a wedge, Early Irish dingim, perf. dedaig, *dengГґ; Anglo-Saxon tengan, press, Norse tengja, fasten (Bezzenberger). See daingean. Brugmann refers it to *dhinghГґ, Latin fingo, mould, feign, Indo-European dheigh, English dough.
• dinnein a small heap, Irish dinn, a hill, fortified hill, Early Irish dinn dind (do.), *dindu-; Norse tindr, spike, peak, German zinne, pinnacle, English tine. But cf. Greek @GqРЅs, @GqinСѓs ( @G i long), a heap, Sanskrit dhanvan.
• dРјnneir a dinner, Irish dinnР№ar; from the English
• dinnsear ginger, Irish gingsear, Middle Irish sinnsar; from Middle English ginger, Latin zingiber.
• dРјobair forsake, Irish dРјbirim; for dРј-+ Рјobair, q.v. di-ud-ber (St.).
• dРјobhail loss, Irish dРЅoghabhail, Old Irish dРЅgbail, deminutio; dРј- and gabh, q.v.
• dРјobhargadh persecution, dРјobhargach, fierce, keen, Irish dibheargach, vindictive; See dibhfhearg.
• dРјobhuir vomit: *de+beir, Latin defero; from de and beir.
• diocail lower, diminish (H.S.D., which quotes MSS. only); dРЅ+ad-cal; from cР°il?
• dРјochain forgetfulness; Dialectic for dichuimhne, that is di- and cuimhne.
• diod , diodag a drop; from the English jet? jot?
• diog a syllable, Irish digim, diugam, cluck as a hen: Gaelic diug, the call to hens. Onomatopoetic.
• diogail tickle, Irish giglim, Old Irish fogitled (for fogicled?). The Gaelic seems borrowed from the English tickle, kittle; and possibly all are onomatopoetic, and reshaped in later times. Cf. English giggle, Latin cachinnus.
• diogair eager, Irish dРЅogar (O'R.), Early Irish dРЅgar (?):
• dРјogan revenge, Irish dРЅogan (O'Br., etc.); the word is Irish (not in M`A.; M`E. marks it doubtful.):
• dРјoghail , dРјol avenge, pay, Irish dРЅoghalaim, dРЅolaim, Old Irish dРЅgal (n.), Welsh, Cornish dial, *dГЄ-galГў. See gal, valour, etc.
• dРјoghluim glean, dРјoghluim, a gleaning, Irish dРЅoghluim (n.): *ge-gluim; for gluim, see fС‚ghlum.
• dРјol pay, Irish dРЅolam, Middle Irish dРЅlaim; See dРјoghail.
• dРјolan illegitemate, Middle Gaelic diolain (M`V.), Irish dРЅolanlas, fornication (O'Br.): *dРЅlР±namnas, "non-conjugium"? See lР±nain.
• diomadh
• discontent, pain, Irish diomadh, diomdha; See diС‰mach.
• diomarag clover seed:
• diomasach proud, Irish dРЅomus, pride, Middle Irish dРЅumus, pride, "too great measure": dРЅ-od-mess, root mess of comus (Zimmer).
• diombach, diombuidheach
• displeased, Irish diombuidheach, unthankful; from diom-, dim-, un-, and buidheachas, thankful, q.v. Confused with diС‰mach, q.v.
• diombuaidh unsuccessfulness, diombuan, transitory: negative compounds of buaidh and buan, q.v.
• dРјomhain idle, Irish dРЅomhaoin, Old Irish dРЅmР±in; from dРЅ- and maoin, "office-less"; See maoin.
• dРјomhair secret; See diamhair.
• dРјon protection, Irish dРЅon, Early Irish dРЅn, g. dРЅna, *dГЄnu-; root dhГЄ, set?
• diong match, equal, pay, Early Irish dingbain, ward off, dingbР±la, worthy: *din-gab, "off-give". See gabh.
• diongmhalta perfect, Irish dРЅongmhalta, perfect, sure. See diong.
• dionnal a shot, fight; See deannal.
• diorachd ability (H.S.D.): Cf. Irish dРЅr, proper, *dГЄr.
• dРјorras vehemence, vehement anger; See diarras.
• diosd a jump, kick with the heels (Dialectic); from Scottish jisk, caper.
• dРјosg barren, dРјosgadh, barrenness, not giving milk, Irish dРЅosc, dРЅosg: di@--sesc-; See seasg. For its composition, See dР№irc.
• diosg a dish; from Latin discus, Norse diskr, Anglo-Saxon disc, English dish.
• dРјosgan a creaking or gnashing noise, Irish dРЅosgР±n. See gРјosgan.
• dРјot a meal, dРјot mhСѓr, dinner, Middle Irish diet, diit, Early Irish dРЅthait; from Latin diaeta, English diet; dithit, feast during day (Meyer), dithait (i@u) (TР±in).
• dРјpin a deepening (in a net), a certain measure of a net; from Scottish deepin, a net, English deep.
• dРјr ascend; curtailed from dРјrich.
• dРјreach strait, Irish dРЅreach, Old Irish dРЅrech, *dГЄ-reg, root reg, stretch; Latin rego, directus, English direct, etc. The root is found also in Р№irigh, rach, etc. Hence dРјrich, straighten, ascend.
• dis susceptible to cold, Irish dРЅs, poor, miserable, Early Irish diss, dis, weak, *de-sti-? Root sta.
• dРјsleach stormy, uncouth, straggling, Irish dРЅsligheach, deviating, dРЅ-slighe, slighe, path, q.v. In the sense of "stormy", the derivation is doubtful.
• dРјsne a die, dice, Irish dРЅsle; from Middle Eng dys, dice.
• dРјt condemn, Irish dРЅotach, condemnatory, dРЅotР±il, an indictment; from the Middle English dГ®ten, indict, Scottish dite - a parallel form to indict, endit, from Latin indicto, dicto, dictate, dico, say. Further Scottish dittay.
• dith press together, dithimh, a heap (Sh.):
• dРјth want, defeat, Irish dРЅth, Old Irish dРЅth, destruction, *dГЄto, from dГЄ (as in de, of, dРј-, un-); Latin lГЄtum (=dГЄtum), death (Stokes).
• dРјthean
• daisy, darnel, blossom, Middle Irish dithen, darnel, Manx jean (do.):
• dithis a pair, two, Irish dРЅs, Old Irish dias, g. desse, dat. and acc. diis (also dРЅas, dРЅis), duitas, *dveistГў, from the fem. *dvei, Old Irish dРЅ, two. See dР°. Old Irish dias, *dveiassa: cf. Latin bes, bessis, from *bejess (St.).
• dРјthreabh a desert, Irish dРЅthreabh, Old Irish dithrub; from dРЅ- and treb; See treabh, aitreabh.
• diu , diugh (to)-day, an diu, to-day, Irish andiu, aniu, Old Irish indiu, Welsh heddyw, Middle Breton hiziu, Breton hirio, *divo- (Stokes); Sanskrit divГў; Latin diГ». See Di-, day. The an (Old Irish in) is the article.
• diС‰ worth while: *do-fiС‰; See fiС‰.
• diС‰bhaidh , diС‰gha refuse, the worst, diu (M`F., M`E), Irish dРЅogha; opposite of rogha. See roghainn.
• diС‰bhail mischief, loss; See dРјobhail.
• diС‰bhras
• difference, diubhar (Arms.): *divr, *difr, from differ of Latin differo. See difir.
• diuc the pip, a sickness of fowls:
• diС‰c a duke, Irish diubhce, diСЉic (Keat.); from the English duke.
• diС‰cair a ducker, a bladder for keeping nets at the proper depth under water; from the English ducker.
• diuchaidh addled:
• diС‰dan giddiness, diudan (Arms.):
• diug an interjection to call hens, cluck, Irish diugam, cluck: onomatopoetic. See diog.
• diugan mischance (H.S.D., which marks it as Dialectic):
• diugh to-day; See diu.
• diС‰id tender-hearted, a spiritless person, Irish diСЉid, Old Irish diuit, semplex:
• diС‰lanas bravery, Irish dРЅolСЉntas, earlier diolmhaineach, soldier, mercenarius; from dРјol, pay.
• diС‰lt refuse, Irish diСЉltaim, Early Irish dРЅultaim, Old Irish dРЅltuch, refusing, dorРЅltiset, negaverunt, *di-Г®lt (Thu.). Zimmer suggests the root of Latin lateo, lurk, Stokes gives *de-laudi ("Celt. Dec."), and Ascoli hesitates between *di-la- (la, throw, Greek @Ge@'laСЉnw) and *di-shlond. Possibly an active form of till, return. dРЅltud, v.n. of do-sluindi.
• diС‰mach
• displeased, Irish dРЅomdhach, Middle Irish dРЅmdach, dimmdach: *dim-med-, root med, mind, as in meas.
• dleas , dleasnas
• duty, Irish dlisdeanas, legality, Early Irish dlestanas (do.), *dlixo-, *dl@.g-so-, right; See dligheadh.
• dligheadh law, right, Irish dlРЅgheadh, Old Irish dliged, Welsh dyled, dled, debt, *dligeto-n, Cornish dylly, debere, Breton dle, debt, *dl@.gГґ, I owe; Gothic dulgs; Ch.Sl dlugu (do.).
• dlo a handful of corn, dlС‚ ( M`L., M`E.), Irish dlaoigh, a lock of hair or anything, Early Irish dlai, a wisp; cf. Welsh dylwf, wisp, and Latin floccus?
• dluigheil handy, active (Dial.), Irish dlСЉigh, active (O'Br.), Middle Irish dluigh, service, Early Irish dluig, service, *dlogi-; same root as dligheadh.
• dlС‰th close, Irish dlСЉth, Early Irish dlСЉith, Old Irish dlСЉtai, (pl.), dlСЉthe, adhaerendi, *dluti-. Cf. Greek @GqlР±w, crush. dru?
• dlС‰th the warp of a web, Irish, Old Ir dlСЉth, stamen, Welsh dylif (*dlГ»-mi-?); from the above root (dlГ»).
• do to, Irish do, Old Irish do, du, Cornish dhe, Old Breton do, Breton da; English to, Anglo-Saxon tСѓ, German zu; Latin -do (endo, indu); Greek @G-de. Stokes derives the prep do from the verbal particle do, to. See do.
• do a verbal particle denoting "to, ad", Irish do, Old Irish do-, du-, also to-, when it carries the accent (e.g. dobiur, I give, *do-bР№rГґ, but tabair, give, *tСѓ-bere; Welsh du-, dy-, y. Cf. Gat. du, to prep. and prefix, for *Гѕu?
• do thy, Irish do, Old Irish do, du, Welsh dy, Early Welsh teu, Cornish dhe, Bretonda, *tovo; Latin tuus; Sanskrit tР±va, etc. See tu.
• do-, du- prefix of negative quality, Irish do-, dСѓ-, Old Irish do-, du-, *dus-; Sanskrit dus-; Greek @Gdus-; Gothic taz-, German zer-. Its opposite is so, q.v. Following the analogy of so, it aspirates the consonants though originally it ended in s.
• dobair a plasterer (M`D.), Irish dСѓbadСѓir, Welsh dwbiwr; from Middle English dauber, English daub.
• dС‚bhaidh boisterous: *du-vati-, root vet, as in onfhadh, q.v. ++dobhar water, Irish dobhar, Early Irish dobur, Welsh dwfr, Cornish dofer, Breton dour, Gaulish dubrum, *dubro-n, *dub-ro-, root dub, deep, as in domhain, q.v. Cf. Lithuanian dumblas, mire, Lettic dubli (do.); Lithuanian duburys, a place with springs, dumbury/s; Ger tГјmpel, a deep place in flowing or standing water. Hence dobharchu ("water-dog") and dobhran, the otter.
• docair grievous, hard, trouble, Early Irish doccair, uneasiness, trouble.
• docha preferable, is docha, prefer; See toigh.
• dС‚cha more likely, Irish dСѓcha, Old Irish dochu; comparative of dСѓigh, Old Irish dСѓig, likely, *dougi-, *douki-; Greek @GdeСЉkei, thinks, @Ga@'deukc/s, unseemly; German zeuge, witness; further allied is Latin dГ»co. Connection with Greek @GdokР№w has been suggested, and Zimmer has analysed it into *do-ech, *do-sech, root sec, say (as in caisg, etc.: Cam.), citing the by-form toich (Gaelic toigh), which is a different word. Hence dС‚chas, dС‚igh.
• dochair, dochar hurt, damage, so Irish, Early Irish dochor; from do- and cor-, i.e., cor, state: dochar, "bad state". See cor, sochair. Hence dochartach, sick.
• dochann injury, hurt, Middle Irish dochond, ill-fortune, Old Irish conaichi, felicior, from *cuno-, high, root ku (as in curaidh)?
• dС‚chas hope, Irish cСѓchas, Middle Irish dСѓchus; See dС‚cha.
• docran anguish ( Sh., Arms.; not H.S.D.); cf. docrach, hard, from docair.
• dod a tantrum, fret, Irish sdoid (n.), sdodach (adj.), dСѓiddeach, quarrelsome (Con.). Cf. Scottish dod.
• dС‚dum a teetotum (Dialectic); from the English
• dog a bit; from the English dock.
• dogadh mischief (Sh.), Old Irish dodcad (Str.).
• dogail cynical, doganta, fierce; from the English dog.
• dС‚gan a sort of oath (Dialectic, M`L.); Scottish daggand, English doggonit, Amer. doggond.
• dogha a burdock, Irish meacan dogha; English dock, Anglo-Saxon docce.
• doibhear rude, uncivil, so Irish ( Lh., which H.S.D. quotes, O'Br., etc.): "ill-bearing"; from do- and beus.
• doicheall churlishness, Irish doicheall, g. doichle; Early Irish dochell, grudging, inhospitality: opposed to Early Irish sochell, meaning "kindness", soichlech. Root is that of timchioll. Gaulish Sucellos, a god's name.
• dС‚id the hand, grasp, Irish dСѓid, Early Irish dСѓit, Old Irish inna n-doat, lacertorum, *dousenti-; Skr dos (*daus), doshan, fore-arm, Zend daosha, shoulder. Strachan, who cites the meanings "hand, wrist", suggests a stem *doventi-, from Indo-European dheva (move violently), comparing Greek @GkarpСѓs, wrist, from qr@.p, turn. Hence dС‚ideach, muscular.
• dС‚id a small farm: "a holding"; from dС‚id, hand. Cf. dС‚ideach, firmly grasping.
• dС‚ideach frizzled up, shrunk (of hair); from dР°th, singe.
• dС‚igh manner, manner, trust, Irish dСѓigh. For root, See dС‚cha.
• doilbh
• difficult (H.S.D.), dark ( Sh., O'Br.), Irish doilbh, dark, gloomy: cf. suilbh.
• doileas injury; from do- and leas.
• doilgheas sorrow, so Irish; from doiligh, sorry, the Irish form of duilich, q.v.
• doilleir
• dark, Irish cСѓilР№ir; See soilleir.
• doimeag a slattern; cf. Irish doim, poor, and for root, See soimeach.
• doimh bulky, gross; See dС‚mhail.
• doimh , doimheadach vexing, galling: *do-ment-, "ill-minded".
• doimheal stormy ( Sh.; not H.S.D.):
• dС‚ineach sorrowful, baneful (Arms., who has doineach with short o), Old Irish dСѓinmech, dСѓinmidh. Dr. Norse M`L. "fateful". dР°n?
• doinionn a tempest, Irish doineann, Old Irish doinenn. See soineann.
• doirbeag a minnow, tadpole, Irish dairb, a marsh worm, murrain caterpillar, Early Irish duirb (acc.), worm, *dorbi-: Indo-European derbho-, wind, bend, Sanskrit darbh, wind, Middle High German zerben, whirl.
• doirbh hard, difficult, so Irish, Old Irish doirb; See soirbh.
• doire grove, Irish doire, daire, Old Irish daire (Adamnan), Derry, Welsh deri, oak grove; See darach.
• doireagan peewit; Dialectic form of adharcan.
• doireann , doirionn (Arg.), tempestuous weather; See doinionn. For phonetics, cf. boirionn.
• doirionta sullen, so Irish; cf. the above word.
• dС‚irling, dС‚irlinn isthmus, beach, Irish doirling, promontory, beach: *do-air-lРЅng- (for ling, See leum)? For meaning, See tairbeart
• dС‚irt pour, Irish doirtim, dСѓrtadh (inf.), Early Irish doirtРЅm, Old Irish dofortad, effunderet, dorortad, was poured out, *fort-, root vor, ver, pour, Early Irish feraim, I pour, give; Latin Г»rina, urine; Greek @Gou@'@nron; Norse СЉr, drizzling raing, Anglo-Saxon vГ¤r, sea; Sanskrit va@-/ri, water. to this Stokes refers braon (for vroen-, verСѓenГў?).
• doit foul, dark (H.S.D. only):
• dС‚it a small coin less than a farthing; from the Scottish doit.
• dol going, Irish dul, Old Irish dul, inf. to doluid, dolluid, ivit, from luid, went, *ludГґ, from Indo-European leudho, go, Greek @Ge@'leСЉsomai, will come, @Gc@'/luqon, came. Stokes and Brugmann refer luid to *(p)ludГґ, root plu, plou of luath, q.v.
• dС‚lach
• destructive: "grievous"; from ++dС‚l grief, Scottish dool, from Latin dolor.
• dolaidh harm, so Irish, Early Irish dolod, Old Irish dolud, damnum, Old Gaelic dolaid, burden, charge; its opposite is Early Irish solod, profit: *do-lud, "mis-go"; from lud of luid, go (Ascoli).
• dС‚las grief, Irish dСѓlas: formed from sС‚las, consolation on the analogy of other do- and so- words. See sС‚las.
• dС‚lum mean, surly, wretchedness, poverty. Cf. dС‚lach.
• dom the gall, gall-bladder; See domblas.
• domail
• damage; apparently founded on Latin damnum.
• domblas gall, bile, Irish comblas, Middle Irish domblas ae, i.e., "bitterness of the liver"; from Middle Irish domblas, ill-taste; from do-mlas. See blas.
• domhach a savage; See doimh.
• dС‚mhail bulky: Middle Irish derg-domla, pl., from *domail, root of meall: *do-fo-mell?
• domhain
• deep, so Irish, Old Irish domain, Welsh dwfn, Breton don, *dubni-s, *dubno-s; English deep, Gothic diups; Lithuanian dubС‰s, deep dumbury/s, a hole in the ground filled with water, dauba, ravine, Church Slavonic du@ubri@u, ravine: Indo-European dheub. See also ++dobhar.
• domhan the Universe, so Irish, Old Irish domun, Gaulish Dubno-, Dumno- (in many proper names, as Dubnotalus, Dumnorix, "World-king", Gaelic Domhnall, *Dumno-valo-s, Welsh Dyfnual, Celtic *dubno-, the world, the "deep"; another form of domhain above. Cf. English deep for the "sea". D'Arbois de Jubainville explains Dubno- of Gaulish names as "deep", Dumnorix, "deep king", "high king"; and he has similarly to explain Biturix as "king for aye", not "world king": all which seems a little forced. DС‚mhnach Sunday, so Irish, Early Irish domnach; from Latin dominica, "the Lord's". See under Di-.
• don evil, defect, Irish don; See dona.
• dona bad, so Irish, Early Irish donae, dona, wretched, bad; opposite to sona, son, happy. See sona.
• dongaidh moist, humid; from the Scottish donk, English dank.
• donn brown, Irish Old Irish donn, Welsh dwn, Gaulish Donnus, Donno-; *donno-s, *dus-no-; Latin fuscus; English dusk, dust. English dun may be hence.
• donnal a howl, complaint; *don-no-, Indo-European dhven, whence English din, Sanskrit dhvana, sound. Meyer says: "Better donal, fem." Gaelic is masc.
• dorbh, dorgh a hand-line, Irish dorubha; also drogha, q.v.
• dorc a piece (Dialectic): *dorco-, root der, split, English tear; Norse dorg.
• dorch
• dark, Irish dorcha, Old Irish dorche; opposed to sorcha, bright, *do-reg-io-, root reg, see, Lithuanian regiС‰, I see. See rosg. The root reg, colour, Greek @Gr@`Р№xw, colour, @Ge@'/rebos, Erebus, Norse rГ¶kr, darkness, Ragna-rГ¶kr, twilight of the gods, is allied. Ascoli and Zimmer refer it to the Gadelic root rich, shine, Old Irish richis, coal, Bret. regez, glowing embers, Sanskrit ric, r@.c, shine.
• dС‚rlach a handful, quantity: *dorn-lach, from dС‚rn, a fist.
• dС‚rn a fist, Irish dorn, Old Irish dorn, Welsh dwrn, Cornish dorn, Old Breton dorn, Breton dourn, hand, Gaulish Durnacos, *durno-; Greek @Gdw@nron, palm, @GdР±reir, @GdР±rin, a span; Lettic dСЉrc, fist; Indo-European root der split. *dver, *dur, strong.
• dorra more difficult, Irish dorrach, harsh, Middle Irish dorr, rough, *dorso-; Czech drsen, rough (Stokes, Strachan).
• dorran vexation, anger, Irish dorrР±n, Middle Irish dorr, *dorso-; See dorra.
• dС‚ruinn pain, anguish, Irish dСѓghruing. Cf. Early Irish dogra, dСѓgra, lamenting, anguish, dogar, sad, from do- and gar, q.v.
• dorus a door, Irish, Old Irish dorus, Welsh drws, Cornish daras, Old Cornish dor, Breton dor, *dvorestu-; Latin fores; Greek @GqСЉra; English door; Lithuanian dС‰rys; Skr dva@-/r.
• dos a bush, tuft, Irish dos, Old Irish doss, *dosto-, root dus; Latin dumus (= dus-mus), thicket; English tease, teasel.
• dosdan a kind of food given to horses; from English dust.
• dosgadh, dosgainn misfortune; cf. Irish dСѓsgathach, improvident. From do- and sgath, q.v. Irish dosguidhtheach, morose, extravagant.
• dotarra sulky; See dod.
• doth a doating on one; cf. Scottish daut, dote, Middle English doten.
• drР°bach
• dirty slovenly, Irish drabaire, drabСѓg, slut, drab, a stain; from English drab. See drabh. Hence drabasda, obscene.
• drabh
• dissolve, drabhag, dregs, drabhas, filth, Early Irish drabar-slog, rabble; from English draff, allied to German treber, Norse draf. Stokes thinks that the Gaelic is allied to, not derived from, the English The English word drab is allied to draff, and so is dregs.
• drР°bh scatter, dissolve ( M`A., Arg.), not drabh ( H.S.D., which, however, has drabhach, rifted). drР°bhach, wide-sutured, rifted (Arg.):
• drР°c a drake; from the English See rР°c.
• dragh trouble, Old Irish g. mor-draige, roughness: *drago-, Indo-European dregho-, Anglo-Saxon trega, vexation, Norse tregr, dragging, slovenly, trega, grieve; Sanskrit drГўgh, pain; Greek @G*tarahc/, @Gtra@-hСЉs (St.).
• dragh pull, draw, Irish dragР±il; from the English drag, draw, Norse drega.
• drР°gon a dragon, Irish dragСЉn, Early Irish drac, g. dracon; from Latin draco(n), English dragon.
• drР°ichd a slattern (Arms.):
• draighlichd a trollop, draggle-tail (Arg.); from English draggle-tail? Cf. draghlainn under draoluinn.
• draillsein a sparkling light (Sh., H.S.D.); See drillsean.
• draimheas a foul mouth; cf. Irish drabhas, a wry mouth, dramhaim, I grin. The Gaelic seems from drabh above.
• draing a snarl, grin; See dranndan.
• drР°m, dram a dram, Irish dram; from the English
• dramaig a foul mixture, crowdie ( Sh., H.S.D.); from the Scottish dramock.
• drannd, dranndan a hum, snarl, Irish draint, dranntР±n, Middle Irish drantaigim, I snarl; from a Celtic *dran, Indo-European dhreno-, sound, drone; English drone; Greek @Gqrc@nnos, dirge; Sanskrit dhran@., sound, murmur.
• drann, dranna a word (M`A., Arg.); same as drannd.
• draoch a fretful or ghastly look, hair standing on end, Irish driuch, fretfulness, angry look: root dhrigh; Greek @GqrРЅx, @GtrihСѓs, hair. For meaning, cf. snuadh, hue, hair.
• draoi , draoidh
• druidh, a magicician, druid, Irish draoi, gen. pl. druadh, Early Irish drai, drui, g. druad, Gaulish druides (English druid). Its etymology is obscure. Stokes suggests relationship with English true, Gaelic dearbh, q.v., or with Greek @GqrР№omai, cry, (as in drannd, dС‰rd), or Greek @Ga@'/qrР№w, look sharp, Prussian dereis, see. Thurneysen analyses the word as dru, high, strong, See truaill. Brugmann and Windisch have also suggested the root dru, oak, as Pliny did too, because of the Druids' reverence for the oak tree. Anglo-Saxon dry/, magus, is borrowed from the Celtic. draoineach, druineach, artisan, "eident" person (Carm.); draoneach, "any person that practices an art" (Grant), agriculturist; druinneach, artist (Lh.). Irish druine, art needlework; @GqrСѓna, flowers in embroidery drugs.
• draoluinn
• delay, tediousness, drawling; from the English drawling, Scottish drawl, to be slow in action, drawlie, slow and slovenly. Dialectic draghlainn, a slovenly person, a mess.
• drapuinn tape; from the English drape.
• draos trash, filth, Irish draos. Cf. English dross.
• drР°sda , an drР°sda now, Irish drР±sda, Middle Irish trasta, for an trР°th sa, this time.
• drathais
• drawers; from the English
• dreach aspect, Irish dreach, Early Irish drech, Welsh drych, Middle Breton derch, *dr@.kГў, *dr@.kko-, root derk as in dearc, q.v.
• drРёachd , dreuchd
• duty, office, Irish drР№acht, song, Old Irish drР№cht, portio, *drempto-, root drep, Greek @GdrР№pw, pluck, cull (Strachan).
• dreag , drРёag a meteor or portent; from the Anglo-Saxon drР№ag, apparition, Norse draugr, ghost. Also driug.
• dreall , dreoll
• door-bar, dreallag, a swingle-tree: dr@.s-lo-, root der, split, English tree? Cf. Welsh dryll, *dhruslo, @Gqrauw.
• dreallaire an idler; See drollaire.
• dreallsach a blazing fire; See drillsean.
• dream a tribe, people, Irish dream, Early Irish dremm; from dream, bundle, handful, manipulus, Breton dramm, a sheaf, *dregsmo-; Greek @GdrР±gma, a handful, @GdrР±ssomai; Church Slavonic drazhaiti, grasps; Sanskrit darh, make fast, Indo-European dergho-, fasten. Hence dreamsgal, a heterogeneous mass. dreg: dreng, tramp? Cf. drong.
• dreamach peevish, dream, snarl; cf. Irish dreamhnach, perverse, Early Irish dremne, fierceness, from dreamh, surly, *dremo-, from drem, drom, rush, Greek @GdrСѓmos, a race. Gaelic dreamach may be for *dregsmo-, root dreg as in dreangan.
• dreangan a snarler, Irish drainceanta, snarling, drainc, a snarl, also draint, Welsh drengyn, a surly chap, dreng, morose, *drengo-, root dreg, from dhre of dranndan.
• dreas bramble, bramble-bush, Irish dreas; See dris.
• dreasair a dresser (house-furniture).
• dreathan-donn, dreathan wren, Irish dreaР±n, drean, Welsh dryw, *drivo-, *dr@.-vo-, root der, dher, jump? See dР°ir. Cf. for sense Greek @GtrСѓhilos. or from dhrevo, cry, Greek @GqrР№omai, Gaelic drannd, q.v.
• dreigas a grin, peevish face, Early Irish dric, wrathful; *dreggo-, root dreg as in dreangan.
• dreimire a ladder, Irish drР№imire, Early Irish drР№imm, ascent, vb. dringim, Welsh dringo, scandere, *drengГґ. Bezzenberger compares the Norse drangr, an up-standing rock (cf. cliff and climb. The root dreg of dreimire has also been compared to German treppe, staircase, English tramp. See dream, people, "goers". Irish ag dreim, advancing.
• drР№in a grin: *dreg-ni-, root dreg of dreangan.
• dreС‚chdam the crying of the deer; from dhrevo, dhre, cry.
• dreС‚lan a wren, Irish dreСѓlР±n: *drivolo-; See dreathan.
• dreС‚lan a silly person, Irish dreСѓlР±n, Welsh drel, a clown; from English droll? Thurneysen prefers to consider these words borrowed from English thrall, Norse Гѕr@oel. The word appears as dreС‚lan, dreallaire, drollaire. In the sense of "loiterer", these words are from the Norse drolla, loiter, English droil.
• dreС‚s a blaze:
• dreugan a dragon (Dialectic); See drР°gon.
• driachan plodding, obstinacy, Irish driachaireachd: *dreiqo-; cf. English drive, from dhreip.
• driamlach a fishing line, Manx rimlagh, Early Irish rРЅamnach: *reimmen-; See rР№im.
• driceachan tricks (M`D.).
• drifeag hurry (Heb.); See drip.
• dril a spark, sparkle, Irish dril, drithle, pl. drithleanna, Middle Irish drithle, dat. drithlinn, also drithre, *drith-renn- (for -renn-, See reannag), *drith. Hence drillsean, sparkles, from drithlis, a spark. drРјllsean, rushlight, rush used as wick.
• driodar
• dregs, lees, Irish drРЅodar, gore, dregs: *driddo-, *dr@.d-do-, root der, English tear. Cf. Scottish driddle.
• driog a drop, Irish driog (drРЅog, Con.), driogaire, a distiller; seemingly borrowed from Norse dregg, Middle English dreg, dregs.
• driongan slowness, Irish driongР±n, a plaything, worthless pastime:
• drip hurry, confusion, Irish drip, bustle, snare: *drippi-, *dhribh, English drive? Norse drepa, hit.
• dris a bramble, brier, Irish dris, Old Irish driss, Old Welsh drissi, Welsh dryssien, Cornish dreis, Breton drezen, *dressi-. Bezzenberger suggests a stem *drepso, Middle High German trefs, German trespe, darnel, Middle English drauk (= dravick of Dutch), zizanium. It must be kept separate from droighionn, Old Irish draigen, Celtic root dr@.g, thought Gaelic dris might be for *dr@.g-si-, for the Welsh would be in ch, not s. See droigheann.
• drithlean a rivet:
• drithleann a sparkle, Irish drithlinn; oblique form of dril.
• driubhlach a cowl, so Irish ( O'R.); Sh. has dribhlach.
• driС‰can a beak, Irish driuch. M`A. gives also the meaning, "an incision under one of the toes". See draoch.
• driuch activity (M`A.):
• driuchan a stripe, as in cloth (M`A.):
• driug a meteor, portent; See dreag.
• drС‚bh a drove; from the English
• drobhlas profusion, so Irish:
• droch evil, bad, Irish droch, Old Irish droch, drog, Welsh drwg, Cornish drog, malum, Middle Breton drouc, *druko-. Usually compared to Sanskrit druh, injure, German trug, deception. Stokes has suggested dhruk, whence English dry, and Bezzenberger compares Norse trega, grieve, tregr, unwilling (see dragh).
• drochaid a bridge, Irish droichiod, Old Irish drochet:
• drog a sea-swell at its impact on a rock (Arg.):
• drogaid
• drugget, Irish drogР±id (O'R.); from the English
• drogha a nad fishing line; also dorgh, dorbh, Irish dorubha, drubha; Norse dorg, an angler's tackle.
• droich a dwarf, Irish droich, *drogi-, allied to Teutonic dwergo-, German zwerg, Norse dvergr, English dwarf.
• droigheann bramble, thorn, Irish droigheann, Old Irish draigen, Welsh draen, Cornish drain, drein, Breton drean, *dragino-: cf. Greek @GtrahСЉs, rough, @GqrР±ssw, confuse, English dregs. Bezzenberger compares Lithuanian drРјgne@?s, black henbane, Greek @GdrР±bc. Ebel referred it to the same origin as Greek @GtР№rhnos, twig. Also droighneach, (1) thorn, (2) lumber, "entanglement".
• droinip tackle:
• drola a pot-hook, Irish drol, droltha, Middle Irish drol, drolam, handle, Early Irish drolam, knocker, ring:
• droll an animal's tail, a door bar, unwieldy stick; cf. drallag for the last two meanings.
• droll , drollaire a lazy fellow; See dreС‚lan.
• droman the alder tree; See troman.
• drong , droing people, tribe, Irish drong, Early Irish drong, Old Breton drogn, drog, factio, Gaulish drungus, whence Latin drungus, a troop (4th century), *drungo-; Gothic driugan, serve as a soldier, Anglo-Saxon dryht, people, Norse drСѓtt, household, people.
• drongair a drunkard; from the English
• dronn the back, Irish dronnСѓg: *dros-no-, root dros of druim, q.v.
• dronng a trunk; from the English
• drothan a breeze (M`D.):
• druabag a small drop, druablas, muddy water, druaip, dregs, lees. The first is from English drop; druablas is from Middle English drubli, turbid, Scottish droubly; and druaip is from Norse drjСЉpa, drip. drubhag and drС‰igean (Wh.).
• drС‰b a wink of sleep, a mouthful of liquid; from Norse drjСЉpa, drip. See the above words.
• drС‰chd
• dew, Irish drСЉchd, Early Irish drСЉcht, *dru@-b-bu, root dhreub; Anglo-Saxon drР№apian, trickle, English drip, drop, Norse drjСЉpa, drip, German triefen.
• drС‰dh penetrate, pierce, drС‰idh; See drС‰dhadh.
• drС‰dhadh oozing, soaking; cf. Sanskrit dru, drР±va, melt, run, Gothic ufar-trusian, besprinkle. Cf. Gaulish Druentia (Gaelic Druie, a river in Strathspey).
• drugair a drudge, Irish drugaire; from Middle English druggar, a dragger, English drudge.
• druid close, Irish druidim, Early Irish druit, close, firm, trustworthy: *druzdo-, *drus, Welsh drws. See dorus. Stokes now refers *druzdi- to the same source as English trust.
• druid a starling, Irish druid, Early Irish truid, Manx truitling, Welsh drudwy, Breton dred, dret: *struzdi; Latin turdus, thrush; Lithuanian stР±zdas (Bohemian drazd), thrush, English throstle.
• druidh a magician; See draoi.
• drС‰idh penetrate; See drС‰dh. Cf. Irish treidhim; treaghaim ( Sh.).
• druim back, ridge, so Irish, Old Irish druimm, pl. dromand, Welsh trum, *drosmen-; Latin dorsum.
• drС‰is lust, drС‰iseach, drС‰th, lecherous, Irish drСЉis, adultery, Early Irish drСЉth, lewd, a harlot, *dru@-to-. Cf. Middle English drГјГ°, darling, Old French drud (do.), druerie, love, whence Middle English druerie, Scottish drouery, illicit love. Mayhew refers the French and English to Old High German drСЉt dear (also trСЉt, drСЉd): a Teutonic dreuГ°? Cf. German traut, beloved (Kludge).
• druma a drum, Irish, Middle Irish druma; from the English
• druman elder; See troman.
• drumlagan a cramp in back, wrists, etc. (M`D.):
• dС‰ meet, proper, Irish, Early Irish dСЉ. This Stokes regards as borrowed from Old French dГ» (= debntus), whence English due. But See dС‰thaich, dual.
• du- , do- prefix denoting badness of quality, Irish, Old Irish du-, do-, *dus; Greek @Gdus-; Gothic tuz-, Norse tor-; Sanskrit dus-. See do-.
• duaichnidh gloomy, ugly, Irish duaichniСЉghadh, to disfigure. See suaicheantas.
• duaidh a horrid scene, a fight, Irish dСЉaidh, evil (O'Br.): *du-vid?
• duairc uncivil, Irish, Early Irish duairc: opposite of suairc, q.v.
• duaireachas a squabble, slander: du-aireachas. See eireachdail.
• duairidh , dubharaidh a dowry; from the English
• duais a reward, so Irish, Early Irish duass, gift: *dovestГў; Greek @Gdou@nnai, to give (= douР№nai): Lithuanian du@oti (do.), dovanР°, a gift; Latin duint (= dent). Root dГґ, give.
• dual a lock of hair, Irish, Early Irish dual, *doklo-; Gothic tagl, hair, Anglo-Saxon taegl, English tail, Norse tagl, horse's tail.
• dual hereditary right, so Irish, Middle Irish dСЉal, *dutlo-; See dСЉthaich. Stokes refers it to French dГ», as he does dС‰, q.v. Irish dСЉal, just, proper, might come from *duglo-, root dhugh, fashion, Greek @GteСЉhein, Gothic dugan, English do.
• duan a poem, song, so Irish, Early Irish dСЉan, *dugno-; Lettic dugР±t, cry as a crane (Bez.). Stokes derives it from dhugh above under dual.
• duarman a murmur; cf. torman from toirm.
• dС‰bailte Irish dubГўilte; from Middle English duble, Old French doble, Latin duplex.
• dubh black, Irish dubh, Old Irish dub, Welsh du, Old Welsh dub, Cornish duv, Breton du, *dubo-; Greek @GtuflСѓs (= quf-lСѓs, blind; Gothic daubs, deaf, German taub, English deaf, also dumb. Cf. Gaulish river name Dubis, now Doubs.
• dubhach sad, Irish dСЉbhach, Old Irish dubach; See subhach.
• dubhailc wickedness, Irish dСЉbhailce; See subhailc.
• dubhailteach sorrowful; founded on dubh.
• dubhair said; See tabhair.
• dС‰bhaith a pudding:
• dubhan a hook, Irish dubhР±n, Middle Irish dubР±n:
• dubhchlРёin the flank (H.S.D. from MSS.):
• dС‰bhdan a smoke, straw cinders, soot; from dubh. Cf. Irish dСЉbhadР±n, an inkstand.
• dС‰bhlaidh gloomy, wintry; cf. dubhlР°, a dark day, day of trial. From dubh.
• dС‰bhlan a challenge, Irish dubhshlР±n; from dubh and slР°n; Irish slР±n, defiance.
• dubhliath the spleen, Old Irish lue liad, lua liath, Cornish lewilloit, Welsh lleithon, milt of fish. Cf. Latin lie@-n.
• dubhogha the great grandson's grandson; from dubh and ogha: dubh is used to add a step to fionnogha, though fionn here is really a prep., and not fionn, white. See fionnogha.
• dС‰c , dС‰can (Perth), a heap (Arms.); *dumhacР±n, Early Irish duma, mound, heap. Root of dС‰n.
• dС‰chas hereditary right; See dС‰thaich.
• dud a small lump (M`A.); See tudan.
• dС‰d a tingling in the ear, ear, Irish dСЉd. See dС‰dach.
• dС‰dach a trumpet, Middle Gaelic doytichy (Dean of Lismore), Irish dСЉdСѓg: onomatopoetic. Cf. English toot.
• dС‰dlachd
• depth of winter:
• duРјdseag a plump woman of low stature (Perth); "My old Dutch"; dС‰itseach (Arms.). Dutchman, docked cock..
• dС‰il expectation, hope, Irish dСЉil, *dГ»li-, root du, strive, Greek @GqumСѓs, soul; Lit dumas, thought (Stokes for Greek).
• dС‰il an element, Irish dСЉil, Old Irish dСЉil, dСЉl, *dГ»li-; Sanskrit dhГ»li-, dust; Lithuanian dulke@?s (do.); Latin fuligo, soot. Stokes (Dict.) refers it to *dukli-, root duk, fashion; German zeugen, engender; further Latin duco. Hence dialectic , poor creatures! Irish dСЉil means "creature" also. Hence also dС‰ileag, a term of affection for a girl.
• duileasg
• dulse, Irish duileasg, Middle Irish duilesc, Welsh dylusg, what is drifted on shore by floods. Hence Scottish dulse. Jamieson suggests that the Gaelic stands for duill' uisge, "water-leaf".
• duilich
• difficult, sorry, Irish doiligh, Early Irish dolig; cf. Latin dolor, grief.
• duille a leaf, Irish, Middle Irish duille, Welsh dalen, Middle Breton del; Greek @GqСЉlla, leaves, @GqР±llw, I bloom; German dolde, umbel: root dhl@. dhale, bloom, sprout. Gaulish @Gpempe-doula, "five leaved", is allied.
• duillinnean customs, taxes (M`D.):
• dС‰in shut, Irish dСЉnaim "barricading"; from dС‰n, q.v.
• duine a man, Irish, Old Irish duine, pl. dСѓini (= *duР±Г±ji, Welsh dyn, pl. dyneddon, Cornish, Breton den, dunjСѓ-s: "mortal"; Greek @Gqane@nin, die, @GqР±natos, death, @GqnctСѓs; English dwine; Sanskrit dhvan, fall to pieces.
• duircein the seeds of the fir, etc., duirc-daraich, acorns. See dorc. Old Irish derucc, glans, is referred by Windisch to the root of darach, q.v.
• duiseal a whip; from Middle English duschen, strike, of Scandinavian origin, now dowse.
• dС‰iseal , dС‰sal slumber; from Norse dСЉsa, doze, English doze.
• duisleannan ill-natured pretences, freaks (Dialectic, H.S.D.), dС‰isealan (M`E.); from dСЉiseal: "dreaming"?
• dС‰isg awake, Irish dСЉisgim, dСЉisighim, Old Irish diusgea, expergefaciat, *de-ud-sec-, root sec as in caisg, q.v.
• dul, dula a noose, loop, Irish dul, dol, snare, loop, Welsh dГґl, noose, loop, doli, form a ring or loop; Greek @GdСѓlos, snare; Latin dolus, etc.
• dula a pin, peg, Irish dula; cf. Latin dolo, a pike, Middle High German zol, a log.
• dС‰ldachd a misty gloom; See dСЉdlachd.
• dС‰mhlaich increase in bulk; See dС‚mhail.
• dС‰n a heap, a fortress, Irish, Old Irish dСЉn, Welsh din, Gaulish dГ»num, @G-dounon, *dГ»no-n, *dГ»nos-; Anglo-Saxon tСЉn, English town, German zaun, hedge, Norse tСЉn (do.); Greek @GdСЉnasqai, can. Root deva, dГ», to be strong, hard, whence also dС‰r.
• dunach , dunaidh woe; from dona?
• dС‰r
• dull, stubborn, Irish, Early Irish dСЉr, Welsh dir, force, Breton dir, steel, Gaulish dГ»rum, fortress, *dГ»ro-, Latin dГ»rus. For further connections See dС‰n.
• dС‰rachd , dС‰thrachd good wish, wish, diligence, Irish dСЉthrachd, Old Irish dСЉthracht, *devo-traktu-s-, *trakkГґ, press; Anglo-Saxon thringan, German dringen, press forward, English throng (Stokes). Windisch has compared Sanskrit tark, think, which may be the same as tark of tarkus, spindle, Latin torqueo. Verb dС‰raig.
• dС‰radan , durradan an atom, mote, Irish dСЉrdР±n; from the root dГ»r as in dС‰r above: "hard bit"?
• durc a lumpish person:
• durcaisd , turcais pincers, nippers, tweezers; from Scottish turkas, from French turquoise, now tricoises, "Turkish" or farrier's pincers.
• dС‰rd a syllable, sound, humming, Irish, Early Irish dСѓrd, dordaim, mugio, Welsh dwrdd, sonitus, tordd, *dordo-s, root der, sound, Indo-European dher; Lettic darde@?t rattle. Further Greek @Gqrc@nnos, dirge, @GtonqrСЉs, muttering, Norse drynr, roaring, English drone; root dhre.
• durga surly, sour, Irish dСЉrganta. Cf. Irish dСЉranta, morose. Gaelic seems to be from Norse durga, sulky fellow, English dwarf.
• durlus water-cress; from dur = ++dobhar and lus, q.v.
• durraidh pork, a pig, durradh! grumphy! Cf. dorra.
• durrag a worm:
• durrghail cooing of a dove, Irish durdail; also currucadh, q.v.
• durrasgach nimble (Dial., H.S.D.):
• dursann an unlucky accident, Irish dursan, sorrowful, hard (O'R.); from the stem of dorra.
• dus
• dust, duslach, from English dust.
• dС‰sal a slumber; from the English doze. See dС‰iseal.
• dС‰slainn a gloomy, retired place:
• dС‰th hereditary; See dС‰.
• dС‰thaich a country, district, Irish dСЉthaigh, Old Irish duthoig, hereditary (Middle Irish dСЉthaig, Gaelic dС‰thchas, hereditary right: root dГ» as in dС‰n? Cf dС‰.
• duthaich great gut (M`Lagan):
• duthuil fluxus alvi = dubh-ghalar; from dubh and tuil.

© «lexicons.ru», 2012. Автор и владелец - Игорь Константинович Гаршин (см. резюме).
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