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An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language (M)

Домой:	Рус	Анг	Ита	Исп	Эсп

Здесь приведен этимологический словарь (на фонему M) гэльского (исконного шотландского) языка - пока на английском языке (см. английский словарный фонд).

M

• ma if, Irish mР±, Old Irish mР±, ma, Cornish, Breton ma (also mar); cf. Sanskrit sma, smГў, an emphatic enclitic (= "indeed") used after pronouns etc., the -sm- which appears in the Indo-European pronoun forms (Greek @Ga@'mme = n@.s-sme, us).
• mab a tassel; a side-form of pab, q.v.
• mР°b abuse, vilify:
• mabach lisping, stammering; cf. Middle English maflen, Dutch maffeln, to stammer.
• mac a son, Irish mac, Old Irish macc, Welsh mab, Old Welsh map, Cornish mab, Breton map, mab, Ogam gen. maqvi: *makko-s, *makvo-s, son, root mak, rear, nutrire, Welsh magu, rear, nurse, Breton maguet: Indo-European mak, ability, production; Greek @GmakrСѓs, long, @GmР±kar, blessed; Zend maГ§anh, greatness; Lettic mР±zu, can, be able. Kluge compares Gothic magaths, maid, Anglo-Saxon magГѕ, English maid, further Gothic magus, boy, Norse mГ¶gr, which, however, is allied to Old Irish mug (pl. mogi), slave. The Teutonic words also originally come from a root denoting "might, increase", Greek @Gmc@nhos, means, Sanskrit mahas, great. Hence macanta, mild: "filial".
• macamh a youth, generous man, Irish macamh, macaomh, a youth, Early Irish maccoem: from mac and caomh.
• mach , a mach outside (motion to "out"), Irish amach, Early Irish immach; from in and magh, a field, mach being its accusative after the prep. in, into: "into the field". Again a muigh, outside (rest), is for Early Irish immaig, in with the dat. of magh: "in the field". See an, ann and magh.
• machair a plain, level, arable land, Manx magher, Irish, Middle Irish machaire, macha; *makarjo-, a field; Latin mГўceria, an enclosure (whence Welsh magwyr, enclosure, Breton moger, wall). So Stokes. Usually referred to *magh-thРјr, "plain-land", from magh and tРјr.
• machlag
• matrix, uterus, Irish machlСѓg (O'Br., etc.), Middle Irish macloc; cf. German magen, English maw.
• macnas sport, wantonness, Irish macnas (do.), macras, sport, festivity; from mac.
• mactalla , macalla echo, Irish, Middle Irish macalla; from mac and obsolete all, a cliff, g. aille (*allos), allied to Greek @GpР№lla, stone (Hes.), Norse fjall, hill, English fell. See also ++ail which is allied.
• madadh a dog, mastiff, so Irish, Middle Irish madrad: Early Irish matad (McCon.), maddad (Fel.), Welsh madog, fox (cf. Welsh madryn, reynard): *maddo-, *mas-do-, the mas possibly being for mat-s, the mat of which is then the same as math- of mathghamhuin, q.v. Connection with English mastiff, French mГўtin, Old French mestiff, from *mansatinus, "house-dog", would mean borrowing.
• madadh
• mussel:
• mР°dog , madog a mattock, Welsh matog; from Middle English mattok, now mattock, Anglo-Saxon mattuc.
• mР°dar
• madder, Irish madar, the plant madder; from the English
• madhanta valiant, dexterous in arms, Irish madhanta: "overthrowing", from the Early Irish verb maidim, overthrow, break, from *matГґ, Church Slavonic motyka, ligo, Polish motyka, hoe (Bez.).
• maduinn
• morning, Irish maidin, Old Irish matin, mane, maten; from Latin matutina, early (day), English matin.
• mР°g a paw, hand, lazy bed, ridge of arable land, Early Irish mР±c: *mankГў, root man, hand, Latin manus, Greek @GmР±rc, Norse mund, hand. Scottish maig is from Gaelic.
• magadh
• mocking, Irish magadh, Welsh mocio; from the English mock.
• magaid a whim; from Scottish maggat, magget.
• magairle, magairlean testicle(s), Irish magairle, magarla, Early Irish macraille (pl.): *magar-aille, "magar stones"; magar and all of mactalla: magar = *maggaro-, root mag, meg, great, powerful, increas? Cf., however, mogul.
• mР°gan toad; properly mial-mhР°gain, "squat beast"; from mР°g above.
• magh a plain, a field, Irish magh, Old Irish mag, Welsh ma, maes (*magestu-), Cornish mГЄs, Breton maes, Gaulish magos: *magos, *mages-, field, plain, "expanse", from root magh, great, Sanskrit mahГ®, the earth, mahas, great; Greek @Gmc@nhos, means, Latin machina, machine; Gothic magan, be able, English may.
• maghan stomach: Norse magi.
• maghar bait for fish, so Irish, Early Irish magar (Corm.), small fry or fish:
• maibean a cluster, bunch; See mab.
• maide a stick, wood, Irish, Early Irish, matan, a club: *maddio-, *mas-do-; Latin malus (= *mГўdus), mast; English mast.
• mР°idhean delay, slowness:
• mР°idse a shapeless mass:
• mР°idsear a major; from the English MР°igh May, Early Irish MР±i; from Latin maius, English May.
• mР°igean a child beginning to walk, a fat, little man: from mР°g.
• maighdeag concha veneris, the shell of the escallop fish; from maighdean? Cf. madadh, mussel.
• maighdean a maiden, so Irish, late Middle Irish maighden (Four Masters); from Middle English magden, maiden, Anglo-Saxon m@oeden, now maiden.
• maigheach a hare, Irish mРЅol bhuidhe (for mРЅol mhuighe), Early Irish mРЅl maighe, "plain beast"; from mial and magh. The Gaelic is an adj. from magh: *mageco-, "campestris".
• maighistir, maighstir
• master, Irish maighisdir, Middle Irish magisder, Welsh meistyr, Cornish maister; from Latin magister, English master.
• mР°ileid a bag, wallet, knapsack, Irish mР±ilР№id, mР±ilРЅn; See mР°la.
• maille ri with, Irish maille re, Old Irish immalle, malle; for imb-an-leth, "by the side", mu an leth now.
• mР°ille
• mail armour; from the English mail.
• mainisdir a monastery, so Irish, Early Irish manister; from Latin monasterium.
• mainne delay, Irish mainneachdna; cf. Old Irish mendat, residence, Old Gaelic maindaidib (dat.pl.), Sanskrit mandiram, lodging, habitation; Latin mandra, a pen, Greek @GmР±ndra (do.).
• mainnir a fold, pen, goat pen, booth, Irish mainreach, mainneir, Middle Irish maindir; Latin mandra, Greek @GmР±ndra, pen, as under mainne. K.Meyer takes it from early French maneir, dwelling, English manor.
• mair last, live, Irish mairim, Old Irish maraim: *marГґ; Latin mora, delay *mr@.-.
• mР°ireach to-morrow, Irish mР±rach, Early Irish imbГўrach, to-morrow, iarnabР±rach, day after to-morrow, Welsh bore, boreu, morning, y fory, to-morrow, Middle Welsh avory, Breton bure, morning, *bГўrego- (Stokes, Zimmer): *mr@-@.-ego-, root mr@-@.gh, mr@.gh (mr@.g?); Gothic maurgins, morning, da maurgina, to-morrow, English morrow, German morgen, etc.
• mairg pity! Irish mairg, Early Irish marg, vae: *margi-; Greek @GmР±rgos, mad, Latin morbus(?). Usually referred to *mo-oirc, *mo oirg, "my destruction", from org, destroy (see turguin).
• mairiste
• marriage; from the English
• mР°irneal a delay, Irish mairneulachd, tediousness, a sailing:
• mairtir a martyr, so Irish, Early Irish martir, Welsh merthyr; from Latin martyr, from Greek @GmР±rtus mР±rturos, a witness.
• maise beauty, so Irish, Early Irish maisse, from mass, comely; root mad, med, measure, English meet, German mГ¤ssig, moderate; further English mete, etc.
• maistir urine, so Irish; *madstri, root mad, Latin madeo.
• maistreadh churning, so Irish; root mag: Greek @GmagРЅs, @GmР±ssw, Church Slavonic masla, butter.
• maith , math good, Irish, Old Irish maith, Welsh mad, Cornish mas, Middle Breton mat: *mati-s, root mat, met, measure, Indo-European mГЄ, measure, as in meas, q.v.? Bez. suggests as an alternative Sanskrit СЉpa-mГўti, affabilis, Greek @GmatРЅs (= @GmР№gas, Hes.).
• maith , math pardon, Irish maitheam (n.), Early Irish mathem, a forgiving, Welsh maddeu, ignoscere, root mad, "be quiet about", Sanskrit mР±dati, linger, mandas, lingering, Gothic ga-mГґtan, room; See mainnir. Rhys regards the Welsh as borrowed from Irish; if so, Gaelic is same as maith, good.
• mР°l rent, tax, Middle Irish mР±l, Welsh mГўl, bounty; from Anglo-Saxon mР±l, tribute, Middle English ma@-l, now mail (black-mail), Scottish mail.
• mР°la a bag, budget, Irish mР±la; from the Middle English ma@-le, wallet, bag (now mail), from Old French male, from Old High German malha.
• mala pl. malaichean (mailghean in Arg., cf. duilich, duilghe), eyebrow, Irish mala, Old Irish mala, g. malach, Middle Breton malvenn, eyelash: *malax; Lithuanian blakstenai, eyelashes, blakstini, wink, Lettic mala, border, Alban. mal', hill, border.
• malairt an exchange, so Irish, Middle Irish malartaigim, I exchange, also "destroy": in Early Irish and Old Irish malairt means "destruction", which may be compared to Latin malus, bad.
• malc putrefy: *malqГґ; Lithuanian nu-smelkiС‰, decay, Servian mlak, lukewarm (Strachan), Old High German moa(h)wГЄn, tabere (Bez.). It has also been referred to the root mel, grind.
• mР°lda gentle, Irish mР±lta; Greek @GmalqakСѓs, soft (see meall).
• mall slow, Irish, Old Irish mall (Welsh mall, want of energy, softness?); Greek @GmР№llw, linger (*melno-); Latin pro-mello, litem promovere. It has also been refered to the root of Greek @GmalqakСѓs, soft (see meall), and to that of Latin mollis, soft, English mellow.
• mallachd a curse, so Irish, Old Irish maldacht, Welsh mellith, Breton malloc'h; from Latin maledictio, English malediction.
• mР°m large round hill, Irish mam, mountain, Middle Irish mamm, breast, pap (O'Cl.): "breast, pap", Latin mamma, mother, breast, English mamma, etc. Hence mР°m, an ulcerous swelling of the armpit.
• mР°m a handful, two handfuls, Irish, Middle Irish mР±m, handful, Welsh mawaid, two handfuls: *mГўmmГў (Stokes), from *manmГў, allied to Latin manus, hand? Cf., however, mР°g.
• mР°n a mole on the skin, arm-pit ulcer; side form mР°m.
• manach a monk, Irish, Early Irish manach, Middle Irish mainchine, monkship, monk's duties (cf. abdaine), Welsh mynach, Breton manac'h; from Latin monachus, English monk. Hence manachainn, a monastery.
• manach the angel fish:
• manachan the groin:
• manadh an omen, luck, Early Irish mana, omen; Latin moneo, warn, advise; Anglo-Saxon manian, warn, exhort.
• mР°nas the portion of an estate famed by the owner, a large or level farm; from the Scottish mains, English manor.
• mandrag
• mandrake, Irish mandrР±c; from the English Welsh mandragor is from Middle English mandragores, Anglo-Saxon mandragora.
• mang a fawn, Middle Irish mang, Early Irish mang (Corm.): Celtic root mag (mang), increase, English maiden, Gothic magus, boy (see mac).
• mangan a bear; See mathghamhain.
• mannda, manntach lisping, stammering, Irish manntach, toothless, stammering, Early Irish mant, gum, Old Irish mend, dumb, etc., Irish meann, dumb ( O'Br.), Welsh mant, jaw, mantach, toothless jaw: *mand@?to-, jaw; Latin mandere, eat, mandibula, a jaw; further is English meat, Greek @GmasР±omai, chew, eat, root mad.
• mР°nran a tuneful sound, a cooing, humming, Irish manrР±n:
• maodail a paunch, stomach, ruminant's pouch, Irish mР№adail, maodal, meadhail ( Lh.), Middle Irish medhal (Ir.Gl., 235), mР№tail: *mand-to-? Root mad, mand, eat, as under mannda?
• maoidh grudge, reproach, Irish maoidhim, grudge, upbraid, bra, Early Irish mР±idim, threaten, boast, Old Irish mСѓidem, gloriatio: *moido-; root moid, meid; Middle High German gemeit, grand, Old High German kameit, jactans, stolidus, Old Sax. gemГЄd, stupid, Gothic gamaids, bruised. See miadh.
• maoidhean personal influence, interest; from Scottish moyen (do.), French moyen, a mean, means, English means, from Latin medianus, median, middle.
• maoile brow of a hill; See maol.
• maoim terror, onset, eruption, surprise, Irish maidhm, a sally, eruption, defeat, Early Irish maidm, a breach or breaking, defeat: *matesmen- (Stokes), *matГґ, break; Church Slavonic, Pol. motyka, a hoe. Some give the root as allied to Sanskrit math, stir, twirl, Lithuanian mentС‰ris, whorl.
• maoin wealth, Irish maoin, Old Irish mР±in: *moini-; Latin mu@-nus, service, duty, gift (English munificence), communis, common; Gothic ga-mains, common, English mean; Lithuanian maРЅnas, exchange.
• maoineas slowness; See mР°idhean.
• maoirne a bait for a fishing hook (N.H.), maoirnean, the least quantity of anything; cf. maghar, root mag, grow.
• maois a large basket, hamper, maois-eisg, five hundred fish, Irish maois, Welsh mwys, hamper, five score herring, Cornish muis, moys; Scottish mese, five hundred herring, Norse meiss, box, wicker basket, meiss sРЅld, barrel-herrings, Old High German meisa, a basket for the back; Lithuanian maiszas, sack, Church Slavonic me@?chu@u. The relationship, whether of affinity or borrowing, between Celtic and Teutonic, is doubtful. The Brittonic might come from Latin mensa, a table, and the Gadelic from the Norse.
• maoiseach , maoisleach a doe, heifer: maol-sech ( maol, harnless); See mРЅs.
• maol bald, Irish maol, Old Irish mР±el, mР±il, Welsh moel, Breton maol: *mailo-s; Lithuanian mailus, something small, smallness, Church Slavonic me@.lu@uku@u, small; further root mei, lessen (see maoth). The Irish mug, servant, has been suggested as the basis: *mag(u)lo-, servile, "short-haired, bald"; but this, though suitable to the Welsh, would give in Gaelic mР±l. Cf. Irish mР±l, prince, from *maglo-. Hence maol, brow of a hill or rock, Welsh mael, a conical hill?
• maolchair the space between the eyebrows; from maol.
• maol-snРёimheil lazy, careless, indifferent (H.S.D.), maol-snРё(imh), maol-snРјomh (Rob.), a lazy one:
• maor an officer of justice or of estates, Irish maor, an officer, Old Gaelic m@oer, mР±ir (Book of Deer), Welsh maer, steward; from Latin major, whence English mayor.
• maorach shell-fish, Irish maorach; cf. Greek @GmСЉraina (u long), lamprey, @Gsmu@nros, eel.
• maoth soft, Irish maoth, Early Irish mСѓeth, Old Irish mСѓith: *moiti-s; Latin mГ®tis, mild; further root mei, lessen (see mРјn).
• mar as, Irish, Middle Irish mar, Early Irish, Old Irish immar, quasi: *ambi-are, the prepositions imm (now mu) and air? Welsh mor, as, Cornish, Breton mar, is explained by Ernault as unaccented Breton meur, Gaelic mСѓr, big.
• mar ri Middle Gaelic far ri (Dean of Lismore): from mar and ri.
• mР°rach a big, ungainly woman (Arg.); from mСѓr, with neuter termination ach. Also mР°raisg.
• marag a pudding, Middle Irish marСѓc, hilla, Early Irish mar, sausage; from the Norse mГ¶rr, dat. mГ¶rvi, suet, blСѓГ°-mГ¶rr, black pudding.
• marasgal a master, regulator, Irish, Middle Irish marascal, regulator, marshal; from Middle English and Old French marescal, now marshal.
• marbh dead, Irish marbh, Old Irish marb, Welsh marw, Cornish marow, Breton maro, Middle Breton marv; *marvo-s, root mr@.; Latin morior, die; Lithuanian mirti, die; Greek @GmaraРЅnw, destroy; Sanskrit mar, die.
• marc a horse, Gaelic and Irish marcach, a horseman, Early Irish marc, horse, Welsh, Cornish, Breton march, Gaulish @Gmarka-n (acc.): *marko-s, *markГў; Old High German marah, mare, meriha, horse, Norse marr, mare, Anglo-Saxon mearh, English mare and marshal.
• marg a merk: from the English mark, Scottish merk, Norse mo@'rk, g. markar.
• margadh a market, so Irish, Middle Irish margad, marcad, Early Irish marggad from Middle English market, from Latin mercatus.
• mР°rla
• marl, Irish mР±rla, Welsh marl; from English marl. The Gaelic has the sense of "marble" also, where it confuses this word and English marble together.
• marmor
• marble, Irish marmur; from Latin marmor. A playing marble is in the Gaelic dialects marbul, a marble.
• mР°rrach enchanted castle which kept one spell-bound, labyrinth, thicket to catch cattle (M`A.). Root mar, mer, deceive, as in mear, brath.
• marrum , marruin cream, milk, and their products (Carm.). Cf. marag.
• mР°rsadh
• marching, Irish marsР±il; from the English
• mart a cow, Irish mart, a cow, a beef, Early Irish mart, a beef; hence Scottish mart, a cow killed for family (winter) use and salted, which Jamieson derives from Martinmas, the time at which the killing took place. The idea of mart is a cow for killing: *martГў, from root mar, die, of marbh? MР°rt March, Irish MР±rt, Early Irish mairt, g. marta, Welsh Mawrth; from Latin Martius, English March.
• martradh
• maiming, laming, Irish mairtrighim, murder, maim, martyrise, Old Irish martre, martyrdom; from Latin martyr, a martyr, whence English
• mР°s the buttock, Irish mР±s, Early Irish mР±ss: *mГўsto-; Greek @Gmc/dea, genitals, @GmastСѓs, @GmazСѓs, breast, cod, @GmadР±w, lose hair; Latin madeo, be wet; root mР±d, mad.
• mas before, ere: See mus.
• mР°san delay, Irish masР±n (O'Br., etc.):
• masg
• mix, infuse; from the Scottish mask, Swed. mГ¤ske, to mash, Fries. mask, draff, grains, English mash.
• masgul flattery:
• masladh disgrace, Irish masla, masladh, despite, shame, disgrace:
• math good, Irish math; See maith. This is the commonest form in Gaelic, the only Northern Dialect form.
• math forgive: See maith.
• mathaich
• manure land; from math?
• mР°thair
• mother, Irish mР±thair, Old Irish mР±thir, Welsh modryb, dame, aunt, Old Breton motrep, aunt: *mГўtГЄr; Latin mГўter; Greek @Gmc/tcr, Dor. mР±tcr ( a long); Norse mСѓГ°ir, English mother; Sanskrit mГўtГўr.
• mathghamhuin a bear, Irish mathghamhuin, Early Irish mathgaman, from math- and gamhainn; with math, bear (?), cf. Welsh madawg, fox, and possibly the Gaulish names Matu-genos, Matuus, Teuto-matus, etc.
• meacan a root, bulb, Irish meacan, any top-rooted plant, Old Irish meccun, mecon, Greek @Gmc/kwn, poppy; Old High German mР±gi, German mohn; Church Slavonic maku: *mekkon-, root mek, mak of mac?
• meachainn
• mercy, an abatement, meachair, soft, tender, meachran, hospitable person, Irish meach, hospitality:
• meadar a wooden pail or vessel, Irish meadar, a hollowed-out drinking vessel, churn, Middle Irish metur; from Latin metrun, measure, metre, meter.
• meadar verse, metre; for root, etc., See above word.
• meadhail joy; See meadhrach.
• meadh-bhlР°th luke-warm: "mid-warm"; Old Irish mid-, mid-, root med, medh, as in next.
• meadhon the middle, so Irish, Old Irish medСѓn, im-medСѓn, Middle Welsh ymeun, Welsh mewn, within, Breton y meton, amidst; cf. for form and root Latin mediГўnum, the middle, English mean, further Latin medius, middle; Greek @GmР№sos; English middle; etc.
• meadhrach glad, joyous, Irish meadhair, mirth, meadhrach, joyous, Early Irish medrach: *medro-; Sanskrit mad, rejoice, be joyful, mР±da, hilarity. But medu, ale?
• mРёag whey, Irish meadhg, Early Irish medg, Welsh maidd (*meГ°jo-), Cornish maith, Old Breton meid, Gallo-Latin mesga, whey, whence French mРёgue: *mezgГў, whey; Old Slavonic mozgu, succus, marrow (Thurneysen), to which Brugmann adds Old High German marg, marrow (English marrow), Lithuanian mazgoti, wash, Latin mergo, merge.
• meaghal barking, mewing, alarm; See miamhail.
• meal possess, enjoy, Irish mealadh (n.), Middle Irish melaim, I enjoy: possibly from the root mel, mal, soft, as in mealbhag. Cf. Old Irish meldach, pleasant, English mild.
• mealasg flattery, fawning, great rejoicing; See miolasg.
• mealbhag corn poppy; cf. Latin malva, mallow, whence English mallow; Greek @GmalР±hc, root mal, mel, soft, "emollient", Greek @GmalakСѓs, soft, Latin mulcere.
• mealbhan sea bent (Suth.), sand dunes with bent (W.Ross):
• mealg
• milt of fish; for *fealg = sealg?
• meall a lump, hill, Irish meall, lump, knob, heap, Early Irish mell, Breton mell, joint, knot, knuckle, Gaulish Mello-dunum (?), now Melun: *mello-, from *melno-; Old Slavonic iz-molГЄti, just out, proturberate (Bez. with query); *ml@.so; cf. Greek @GmР№los, limb, part.
• meall deceive, entice, Irish meallaim, Middle Irish mellaim, deceive, Early Irish mell, error: melsГґ (Stokes), root mel, mal, bad; Latin malus; Lithuanian mРјlyti, mistake, mР№las, lie; Greek @GmР№leos, useless; Armen. me @Gl, peccatum. Old Irish meld, pleasant (?), Greek @Ga@'malСѓs, root mela, grind.
• meallan , clach-mheallain hail, Irish meallР±n (Fol., O'R.); from meall, lump?
• membrana parchments, Irish meamrum, Old Irish membrum; from Latin membrana, skin, membrane, from membrum.
• meamhair , meomhair
• memory, Irish meamhair, Old Irish mebuir, Welsh myfyr; from Latin memoria, English memory.
• meamna, meanmna spirit, will, Irish meanma (n.), meanmnach (adj.), Old Irish menme, g. menman, mens; *menmГЄs, g. menmenos, root men, mind, think; Sanskrit mР±nman, mind, thought, manye, think; Latin memini, remember, mens; Greek @GmР№mona, think, @Gmnc@nma, monument; English mean, mind; etc.
• mean, meanbh small, Early Irish menbach, small particle: *mino-, *minvo-, root min; Latin minus, English diminish, Latin minor, minutus, minute; Greek @GminСЉqw, lessen; Gothic minus, less: root mi, mei. See mi-. Stokes gives also an alternate root men, Sanskrit manГўk, a little, Latin mancus, mamed, Lithuanian mРёnkas, little.
• meanachair small cattle, sheep or goats (Dial.); for meanbh-chrodh.
• mРёanan a yawn, Irish mР№anfach, Early Irish mР№n-scailim, I yawn, "mouth-spread", mР№n, mouth, mР№nogud, hiatus; cf. Welsh min, lip, edge, Cornish min, meen, Breton min, snout. Strachan and Stokes suggest the stem *maknГў, *mekno-, root mak; Anglo-Saxon maga, stomach, German magen, English maw.
• meang guile, Irish meang, Early Irish meng: *mengГў; Greek @GmР±gganon, engine (English mangle), @GmagganeСЉw, juggle; Latin mango, a dealer who imposes. Cf. Norse mang, traffic, monger.
• meang whey; Dial. for mРёag.
• meangan , meanglan a twig, Irish meangР±n, beangР±n: *mengo-, Celtic root meg, mag, increase; See under maighdean, mac. Cf. Middle Irish maethain, sprouts.
• meann a kid, Irish meannР±n, meann, Welsh myn, Cornish min, Breton menn: *mendo-, kid, "suckling"; Alban. m @Gent, suck; Old High German manzon, ubera; perhaps Greek @GmazСѓs, breast (Stokes, Strachan) It may be from the root min, small (*minno-), a form which suits the Welsh best.
• meannd
• mint; from the English
• meantairig venture; from English venturing. Welsh mentra.
• mear
• merry, Irish mear; cf. English merry, Anglo-Saxon merge, myrige, Old High German murg, murgi (root mr@.gh). The Early Irish mer, mad, is allied to mearachd. Old Irish meraigim, prurio. Latin meretrix.
• mearachd error, Irish mearaighim, I err, mearughadh, a mistaking, erring, Middle Irish merugud, wandering, root mer, mr@.; Greek @Ga@`martanw, miss (see brath); English mar, Gothic marzian, cause to stumble. Cf. Early Irish mer, mad, meracht, mad act, Old Irish meraige, a fool, Old Breton mergidhaam, I am silly, which Loth joins to Greek @GmР±rgos, mad.
• mearcach rash; from the root of mear.
• mearganta brisk, lively, meargadaich, be impatient (Suth), Irish mearganta, brisk; from mear.
• mРёarsadh
• marching; See mР°rsadh.
• mearsuinn vigour, strength; cf. marsainn, abiding, from mar, remain.
• meas fruit, Irish meas, fruit, especially acorns, measog, acorn, Early Irish mess, fruit, Welsh mes, acorns, Cornish mesen, glans, Breton mesenn, acorn: *messu-, root, med, mad, eat (see manntach), and, for force, cf. English mast, fruit of forest trees, Anglo-Saxon maest, fruit of oak or beech, German mast.
• meas judgement, opinion, respect, Irish meas, Old Irish mess, *messu-, root med; Latin meditari, think, modus, method; Greek @GmР№domai, think of; Gothic mitan, measure, English mete: further root mГЄ, measure, English metre, meter, etc.
• measan a lapdog, Irish measР±n, Early Irish measan, meschu:
• measair a tub, measure; See miosar.
• measara temperate, modest, Irish measarrdha, Old Irish mesurda: mensura (Stokes). But it may be from meas, judgment.
• measg, am measg among, Irish measg, a measg, among, Welsh ym mysg, Middle Breton e mesg: *med-sko-, root med, medh, as in meadhon, middle.
• measg, measgach
• mix, Irish measgaim, Early Irish mescaim, Welsh mysgu: *miskГґ, *mig-skГґ, root, mig, mik; Greek mРЅgnomi, mРЅsgw; Latin misceo; English mix, German mischen; Lithuanian maiszy/ti; Sanskrit miksh.
• measgan a dish to hold butter, Irish mРЅosgan; See miosgan. But cf. Early Irish mescan, a lump of butter, Middle Irish mesgan, masa; from measg, mix?
• meat, meata feeble, soft, cowardly, Irish meata, Early Irish meta, cowardly: *mit-tavo-; See meath. Welsh has meth, failure. *mettaios (St.)
• meath fail, fade, become weak, dishearted, Irish meathaim, fail, droop, soften, Early Irish meth, failure, decay: *mitГґ, root mit, the short form of root meit, moit (see maoth).
• meidh a balance, Irish meadh, Old Irish med, d. meid, Welsh medd, centre of motion: *medГў, root med, mete; Latin modius, a peck: Greek @GmР№dimnos, a measure (6 modii); English mete. See meas further. Hence meidhis, a measure, instalment (Arg., M`A.).
• meidhinnean, mРёigean hip-joints:
• meigead the bleating of a goat or kid, Irish meigiodaigh; Greek @GmckР±omai, bleat, @Gmc/kas, she-goat, "bleater"; German meckern, bleat; Sanskrit makakas, bleating; root mГЄk, mek, mak, an onomatopoetic syllable.
• mРёil bleat, Irish mР№idhlighim, Middle Irish meglim, I bleat, megill, bleating; German meckern: See meigead. Gaelic is for *megli- or *mekli.
• meil, beil grind, Irish meilim, Old Irish melim, Welsh malu, Breton malaff: *melГґ; Latin molo; Greek @GmСЉllw; Old High German malan, grin, English meal, mill; Lithuanian mР±lti, molo. Hence meildreach, meiltir, a quantity of corn sent to grind, meiltear, miller.
• meilcheart chilblain (Arg.), Irish miolcheР±rd (Kerry), miolchartach, miolcartР±n, milchearta (Tirconnell); root in meilich.
• meile the thick stick by which the quern is turned, a quern, Irish meile, hand-mill: "grinder"; from meil?
• meilearach long sea-side grass; from Norse melr, bent.
• meilich become chill with cold, be benumbed; from the root mel, crush, grind. See meil.
• meilgeag sea-pod, husk of peas, etc.:
• meill the cheek, Irish meill; Gaelic mР№ill, blubber-lip (M`L., M`E.), mР№illeach, beilleach, blubber-lipped (meilleach, H.S.D.); See bР№illeach.
• mР№illeag, beilleag outer rind of bark:
• mРёin , mРёinn ore, mine, Irish mР№in, mianach, Early Irish mРЅanach, Welsh mwyn: *meini-, meinni-, root mei, smei, smi; Old Slavonic mГЄdi, aes; Old High German smГ®da, metal, English smith (SchrГ¤der).
• mРёin , meinn disposition, Irish mР№in, Middle Irish mРёin, mind, disposition: "metal, mettle"; seemingly a metaphoric use of the foregoing word. A root mein, mind, mean, appears to exist in English mean, German meinen; cf. Welsh myn, mind. Thurneysen compares English mien.
• mРёineil flexible, sappy, substantial; from mР№in, ore: "gritty"?
• meirbh spiritless, delicate, so Irish, Early Irish meirb, Welsh merw: *mervi-; Old High German maro, soft, mellow, German mГјrbe, Anglo-Saxon mearo, Norse merja, crush; Greek @GmaraРЅnw, destroy, @GmР±rnamai, fight; Latin martus, hammer, "crusher"; etc. See marbh from the same root ultimately (mer, mar). Hence merbh, digest.
• meirean nam magh agrimony, Irish meirРЅn na magh (O'Br., mР№irРЅn (Con.):
• meirg rust, Irish meirg, Old Irish meirg, meirc, Breton mergl: *mergi-, "red, dark"; English murk, Anglo-Saxon mirce, Norse myrkr (cf. Gaelic dearg and English dark). Ernault compares Greek @GmР±rgos, senseless; and it has been joined to Old Welsh mergid, debilitas, Old Breton mergidhehan, evanesco, root mar, mer, fade, die.
• meirghe a banner, Irish meirge, Early Irish mergge; from the Norse merki, a banner, mark, English mark (Zimmer).
• meirle theft, meirleach, thief, Irish meirleach, Early Irish merle, theft, merlech, thief; root mer, mra (as in bradach); See mearachd. Stokes compares Greek @Ga@'meРЅrw, deprive; but this is likely n@.- @Gmerjw, privative n@. or a and root mer ( @GmР№ros, share).
• meirneal a kind of hawk; from the English merlin.
• meiteal
• metal, Irish miotal; from the English metal, Latin metallum.
• mРёith fat, sappy, Irish mР№ith, mР№ath, Old Irish mР№th, Welsh mwydo, soften: *meito-; the e grade of the root seen in *moiti- (in maoth, q.v.), the root being mit, meit, moit ( meath, mРёith, maoth).
• meС‚g whey; better than mРёag.
• meС‚raich
• meditate, remember, Irish mР№amhruighim, Middle Irish mebrugud, rehearsing, remembering; from Latin memoria. See meamhair, also spelt meomhair, with the verb meomhairich = meС‚raich.
• meuchd
• mixture (Dial.): *meik-tu, root meik, mik, as in measg.
• meud , miad size, Irish mР№id, mР№ad, Welsh maint, Cornish myns, Breton meГ±t: *mn@.ti-, ment, "measure", a nasalised form of the root met, measure, Latin mensus, having measured, me@-tior (vb.), Greek @GmР№tron, measure; etc. Bez. queries its alliance only with Norse munr, importance. Usually referred to the root mag, meg (*maganti-), great, or to that of minig, q.v.
• meur , miar a finger, Irish meur, Old Irish mР№r. Strachan suggests the stem *makro-, root mak, great, mighty, Greek @GmakrСѓs, long, Latin macer, lean, macte, good luck, Zend. maГ§, great. Brugmann has compared it to Greek @GmСѓkrwna (Hes.), sharp (Latin mucro).
• mhР°in , a mhР°in only, Irish amhР±in, Early Irish amР±in. It has been divided into a prefix and root form: a-mР±in, the latter being parallel to Dor. Greek @Gmw@nnos, Greek @GmСѓnos, alone. Cf. Old Irish nammР±, tantum, "ut non sit magis" (na-n-mР±, Zeuss).
• mi I, Irish, Old Irish mР№, Welsh mi, Cornish my, me, Breton me: *mГЄ, *me; Latin mГЄ; Greek @Gme; English me; Sanskrit mГў.
• mi- un-, mis-, Irish, Old Irish mРЅ-, root mГ®, mei, mi, lessen; Greek @GmeРЅwn, less; Latin minus, less; English mis-, Gothic missa- (*miГѕto-). See maoth, mРјn. Stokes makes mРЅ- a comparative like @GmeРЅwn, and rejects the Teutonic words.
• miadan , miadar
• miad, a meadow, mead; from the English meadow.
• miadh respect, esteem, so Irish, Old Irish mРЅad, fastus, dignity, Old Breton muoet, fastu: *meido-, fame: Old High German kameit, iactans, stolidus, Middle High German gemeit, bold, Old Sax. gemГЄd, haughty (Bez.); allied to English meed, Greek @GmisqСѓs, pay, Latin miles, soldier. Cf. Greek @Gtimc/, fame, price.
• mial louse, animal, Irish mРЅol, animal, whale, louse, Early Irish mРЅl, Welsh mil, beast, Cornish, Breton mil: *mГЄlo-n, animal: Greek mc@nlon, sheep; Norse smali, sheep, English small. Hence Gaelic mial-chu, greyhound, Welsh milgi, Cornish mylgy.
• mialladh bad-fortune (N.H.):
• mialta pleasant (H.S.D.), Old Irish meld, melltach, pleasant; English mild; Gaelic @GmalqakСѓs, soft. See mР°lda.
• miamhail
• mewing (of cat), Irish miamhaoil; English mewl, from Old French, French miauler: an onomatopoetic word.
• miann desire, Irish mian, Old Irish mРЅan: *meino-; English mean, German meinen, to mean; Old Slov me@?nja@? (do.). Cf Welsh myn, desire, Breton menna, to wish, which may be from the short form min beside mein. (Otherwise Loth in Voc. Vieux-Breton, 145).
• mias a dish, Irish mРЅas, a dish, mess, platter, Early Irish mias; from Late Latin mГЄsa, mensa, a table, whence Anglo-Saxon my/se, table, Gothic mes, table, dish.
• mil honey, Irish mil, Old Irish mil, g. mela, Welsh mГЄl, Cornish, Breton mil: *meli-; Latin mel; Greek @GmР№li; Gothic miliГѕ; Armenian me @Glr.
• milc , meirc sweet, sweetness (Carm.):
• milcean solid warm white whey (Carm.):
• mРјle a thousand, a mile, Irish mРЅle, Old Irish mРЅle, a thousand, Welsh, Breton mil, Cornish myl, myll; Latin mГ®le (whence English mile), mille. The Celtic words are borrowed doubtless.
• mileag a melon; from the English
• mileart honey dew (N.H.):
• mРјlidh a champion, Irish mileadh, mРЅlidh (O'Br.), Early Irish mРЅlid; from Latin miles, militis, soldier.
• milis sweet, Irish, Old Irish milis, Welsh melys: *melissi-; from mil.
• mill destroy, Irish, Old Irish millim: *mel-ni-, root mele, fail, miss; Lithuanian mРјlyti, fail; Greek @GmР№leos, useless, wretched, @Ga@'mblРЅskw, cause, miscarriage. the root of English melt (*meld, Greek @Ga@'maldСЉnw, destroy) has been suggested, the mel of which is the same as above. It may be root mel, crush, mill.
• millteach
• mountain grass, good grass; Norse melr, bent grass.
• min
• meal, Irish min, g. mine, Old Irish men: *minР±, root min, lessen. Strachan suggests two derivations; either allied to (1) Lithuanian mРјnti, tread, Ch.Slavonic me@?ti, crush, Greek @GmatР№w, tread on, from root men, tread, or from (2) *mecsn, root meq, menq, grind, Ch.Slavonic ma@?ka, meal, Greek @GmР±ssw, knead. But mexn- would give Gaelic menn.
• mРјn soft, delicate, Irish, Early Irish mРЅn, Welsh mwyn, gentle, Cornish muin, gracilis, Breton moan, fine: *mГ®no-, meino-, root mei, lessen; Greek @GmeРЅwn, less, @GminСЉqw, lessen; Latin minor, less, minister. Hence mРјnich, explain. Stokes has apparently two derivations for mРјn - the one above and *mГЄno-, allied to Greek @GmanСѓs ( a long), thin.
• minidh an awl, Irish meanadh, Early Irish menad, Welsh mynawyd, Breton minaoued, Middle Breton menauet: *minaveto-; Greek @GsminСЉc, mattock, @GsmРЅlc ( i long), chiesel.
• minicionn
• mid's skin; from meann and *cionn (see boicionn).
• minig , minic often, Irish minic, Old Irish menicc, Welsh mynych, Cornish menough: *menekki-s; Gothic manags, many, German manach, English many.
• minis degree, portion (M`A.), root of mion.
• ministear a minister, Irish mРЅnistir; from Latin minister, servant, whence English minister.
• miobhadh ill-usage, as by weather; from mi-bhР°idh.
• mРјobhail unmannerly (Arg.); mi+modhail.
• miodal flattery, Irish miodal:
• miodhoir a churl, niggard one; See miС‰ghair.
• mРјog, miog (H.S.D.), a smile, sly look, Irish mРЅog: *smincu-, root smi, smile, English smile, Greek @GmeidР±w, Sanskrit smayate, laughs.
• miolaran low barking or whining of a fawning dog: See miolasg.
• miolasg flattery, fawning (as a dog), keen desire; from the root smi, smile? See mРјog.
• mion small, so Irish; root min, Latin minor, etc. Also mean, meanbh, q.v.
• mionach bowels, so Irish, Early Irish menach; cf. Welsh monoch.
• mionaid a minute, Irish minuit (dat.); from the English
• mionn an oath, Irish mionn, g. mionna, Early Irish mind, oath, diadem; the mind was the "swearing reliques" of a saint, Old Irish mind, a diadem, insignia, Old Welsh minn, sertum: *menni-; cf. Old High German menni, neck ornament, Anglo-Saxon mene, neck chain, Latin monile. See muineal further. Stokes gives the stem as *mindi-, but no etymology. Windisch (Rev.Celt.@+5) equates minn with Latin mundus, ornament, world.
• miontan a titmouse, Irish miontР±n; from mion, small, *minu-, Latin minor, etc., as under mРЅn.
• mРјorbhuil a miracle, Irish mРЅorbhuil, Early Irish mРЅrbail; from Latin mi@-rabile, English marvel.
• miortal
• myrtal, Irish miortal (Fol.); from the English. Welsh has myrtwydd, myrtle trees.
• mРјos a month, Irish mРЅ, mРЅos, g. mРЅosa, Old Irish mРЅ, g. mРЅs, Welsh mis, Cornish mis, Breton mis, miz: *mГЄns, g. *mensos; Latin mensis; Greek @GmР№n: Sanskrit mГўs; further English month.
• mios , miosa worse, Irish measa, Old Irish messa: *missГґs; Gothic Old High German missa-, mis-, English mis-, miss. See mi-.
• mРјosach fairy flax, purging flax, Irish mРЅosach: "monthly"; from mРјos, "from a medicinal virtue it was supposed to possess" (Cameron).
• miosar a measure (as of meal), Irish miosСЉr, Early Irish messar, phiala, Old Irish mesar, modus, Welsh mesur; from the Latin mensura, English measure.
• miosgan butter kit, Irish mРЅosgР±n; from mias, a dish.
• miosguinn envy, malice, Irish mioscuis (mРЅoscuis, Con.), Early Irish miscen, hate, Old Irish miscuis; Greek @Gmi@nsos (= mi@-tos); Latin miser, wretched (= mit-s-ro-s); root mit, mi.
• miotag a mitten, Irish miotСѓg, mitРЅn, mittens; from English mitten, Old French mitaine.
• mРјr a bit, piece, Irish, Old Irish mРЅr, pl. mРЅrenn: *mГЄsren, piece of flesh; Sanskrit mГўmsР±, flesh; Gothic mimz (do.); Lithuanian me@?sР°, flesh (Stokes, Thurneysen, Brug.). Allied also is Latin membrum, member; Indo-European mГЄmso-m, flesh.
• mircean kind of sea-weed; cf. Norse mР±ru-kjarni, fucus vesiculosus (Lewis).
• mire pastime, Irish mire, sport, madness, Middle Irish mire, madness; See mear.
• mirr
• myrrh, Irish miorr, Early Irish mirr, Welsh myr; from Latin myrrha, English myrrh.
• mРјs, mРјseach, maoilseach goat, doe (Carm.) = maoisleach.
• misd the worse for, Irish misde, meisde, Middle Irish meste, Early Irish mesai-die = messa-de, "worse of"; from mios and de, of.
• misg drunkenness, Irish meisge, misge, Early Irish mesce, Old Irish mescc, drunk: *mesko-, *meskjГў, from *med-sko-, also Early Irish mid, g. meda, mead, Welsh medd, hydromel, Old Cornish med, sicera, Breton mez, hydromel: *medu-; Greek @GmР№qu, wine; English mead; Ch.Slavonic medu@u, honey, wine; Sanskrit mР±dhu, sweet, sweet drink, honey.
• misimean-dearg bog-mint, Irish misimРЅn dearg:
• mРјslean a mountain grass, sweet meadow grass (Cameron); for milsean, from milis, sweet; cf. Irish milsean mara, a sort of sea-weed; mРјsleach, sweetness (Hend.).
• misneach, misneachd courage, Irish meisneach, Middle Irish mesnech: *med-s-, root med of meas: "think, hope".
• mistear a cunning, designing person; from misd.
• mith an obscure or humble person; from the root mi, mei as in mi-, miosa.
• mithear weak, crazy, Irish mithfir, weak; See mith.
• mithich proper time, tempestivus, Irish mithid, Old Irish mithich, tempestivus: *meti-, Latin ma@-turus, English mature.
• mithlean sport, playfulness:
• miС‰ghair niggardly; from mi and fiС‰ or fiС‰-mhor? cf. miodhoir.
• mo
• my, Old Irish mo, mu, Welsh fy, Middle Welsh my (from myn), Cornish, Breton ma (which aspirates): *mou, *movo: formed on the analogy of do, du, from the pronomial root me (see mi). Welsh myn or my n- is allied to Zend. mana, Lithuanian manРё (for me-nР№), Church Slavonic mene.
• mС‚ greater, Irish mСѓ, Old Irish mСѓa, mР±o, mР±a, mСѓo, mСѓ, Welsh mwy, Old Welsh mui, Cornish moy, Breton mui: *mГўjГґs; Latin mГўjor, greater (English major); Gothic mais, more (adv.), maiza, greater, English more: root mГў of mСѓr, q.v.
• mobainn
• maltreating, handling roughly; See moibean.
• moch early, Irish moch, early, Old Irish moch, mane: *moq-; also Old Irish mos, soon, Welsh moch, early, ready, Cornish meugh: *moqsu; Latin mox, soon; Zend. moshu, Sanskrit mokshСЉ, soon: also Greek @GmР±y, idly, rashly. See mus. Hence mocheirigh, early rising, mochthrath, early morning, Middle Irish mochthrath, Old Irish mochtratae, matutinus.
• mochd
• move, yield (Oss. Ballads); cf. Middle Irish mocht, gentle, weak, Welsh mwytho, soften, pamper, English meek, Norse mjukr, soft, meek.
• mС‚d a court, trial, meeting; from the Norse mСѓt, meeting, town-meeting, court of law, Anglo-Saxon mСѓt, gemСѓt, English moot, meet.
• modh
• manner, Irish modh, Old Irish mod, Welsh modd; from Latin modus. Hence modh, respect, Early Irish mod; cf. English manners for sense.
• modhan the sound of a bagpipe or other musical instrument (H.S.D., also moghun):
• mС‚dhar soft, gentle (modhar, M`A.); from modh.
• mС‚g clumsy hand or foot; See mР°g, smС‚g.
• mogach shaggy, hairy:
• mogan a footless stocking; from the Scottish moggan, moggans.
• mogan spirits from oats (Uist):
• mogul a husk, mesh (of a net), Irish mogal, cluster, mesh of a net, husk, apple of the eye, Early Irish mocoll (do.), Old Irish mocul, subtel: *mozgu-, Indo-European mozgho, knot, mesh; Lithuanian mР±zgas, knot, mesh; Old High German mascГў, German masche, English mesh; Greek @GmСѓshos, sprout, calf. Latin macula, a mush, is not allied. Dialect Gaelic mugairle, bunch of nuts (Glenmoriston).
• mogur bulky, clumsy:
• moibean , moibeal a mop, broom, Irish moipal; from English mop.
• moiblead a gnawing, half-chewing: "making a mop of"; from moibean.
• mСѓid a vow, Irish mСѓid, Middle Irish mСѓit, Early Irish moit ( Corm.): *monti-, Welsh gofuno, to vow, Old Breton guomonian, polliceri, which Bugge and Stokes connect with Welsh mun, hand (cf. Anglo-Saxon mund, Latin manus). But See bСѓid. Stokes now says votum.
• mС‚id the greater, Irish mСѓide, more, Middle Irish mСѓti: *mС‚+ de. Cf. misd.
• moighre robust, handsome:
• moil
• matted hair; See molach (*ml@.-).
• moilean a fat, plump child, a lump; cf. Irish moil, molan, a heap. To this Latin mГґles may be compared.
• mС‚in , mС‚ine peat, moss, Irish mСѓin, g. mСѓna, Early Irish mСѓin, pl. mСѓinte, Welsh mawn, peat, turf: *mГўn-; Latin mГўno, flow, English emanate. Strachan takes it from *mokni-, root mok, mak, Church Slavonic mokru@u, wet, Lithuanian makone, puddle; Stokes agrees, giving Celtic as *mГўkni-, mГґkni-. It is doubtful if Welsh k would disappear before n (cf. deur). Welsh has also a form migen, mign, a bog.
• moineis false delicacy (M`A.), moinig, vanity, boasting; from root mon, men, mind?
• moire , a more certainly, hercle, Irish iomorro, indeed, however, Old Irish immurgu, autem.
• moirear a lord, Old Gaelic mormГ¦r (Book of Deer), Middle Gaelic morbhair (M`V.), Middle Irish mormhaer (Muireach Albanach), murmor (M`Firbis); from mСѓr and maor, "great steward".
• mС‚irneas creat cascade, streams (Oss. Ballads); from mСѓr and eas?
• moit pride, sulkiness, Irish moiteamhuil, sulky, nice, pettish (Con., O'R., M`F.); cf. Early Irish mochtae, magnified, *mog-tio-s, root mog, mag, great. Old Irish mСѓidem, boasting, praise.
• mol praise, advise, Irish molaim, Old Irish molid, laudat, Welsh moli, mawl, laus, Breton meuli: *molГґ, *mГўlo, "magnify"; root mo@-l, mel, be strong; Greek @GmР±la, very; Latin melior, better; Lithuanian milns, very many, Ch.Slavonic iz-molГЄti, eminere (Stokes). Windisch has compared it to Church Slavonic moliti, ask, Lithuanian myleti, love, Greek @GmР№le, friend, @GmeРЅlihos, gentle.
• mol , mal a shingly beach; from Norse mГ¶l, g. malar, pebbles, bed of pebbles on the beach; root mel, grind.
• molach hairy, rough, Irish mothlach, rough, bushy (O'R.), muthalach, shaggy (Fol.). If the Irish form is right, it cannot be allied to Indo-European ml@.o-s, wool, Greek @GmallСѓs, wool, tuft, Lithuanian millas, woolen stuff.
• moll chaff, Irish moll (O'R.), Welsh mwl: *muldo-; English mould, Gothic mulda, dust, Old High German molt, dust, mould; root mel, grind. Borrowed from Welsh?
• mollachd a curse; the Northern form of mallachd, q.v.
• mС‚lltair a mould; from English moulter, mould.
• molltair
• miller's share of the grain or meal (Lewis) = multure:
• monahdh a mountain range, Welsh mynydd, mons, Cornish menit, meneth, Old Breton -monid, Middle Breton menez, mountain: *monijo-, *menijo-, root men, eminere, English eminent. Cf. Welsh inscription Monedorigi, "mountain-king"; also middle Gaelic name of St Andrews - Rig-monath (Chronicles). The Irish monadh appears only in Lh.; O'Br. gives mСѓnadh. The Gaelic word may have been borrowed from the Picts along with the place-names in which it appears: it is rare in Argyle topography.
• monaid heed:
• monais slowness, negligence; root men, stay, Greek @GmР№nw.
• monar a diminutive person or thing, monaran, a mote; See munar.
• monasg chaff, dross; from the root of monar.
• monmhur , monaghar a murmuring noise, Irish monmhar, monbhar, murmuring, monghair, monghar, roaring: *mon-mur; cf. Latin murmur.
• mСѓr great, Irish mСѓr, Old Irish mСѓr, mР±r, Welsh mawr, Old Welsh, Cornish maur, Breton meur, Gaulish -mГўrСѓs; Greek @G-mwros, great, famed ( @Ge@'ghesРЅ-mwros) in spear-throw; Gothic -mГЄrs, famed, mГЄrian, proclaim, Old High German mГўri, famed, -mar in Germanic names German mГ¤rchen, a tale, Norse m@oerr, famous; Slavonic -meru (Vladimir, etc.); Latin merus, English mere. A shorter form of the stem (*mГўro-) appears in mС‚, greater (mГў), q.v.
• morbhach land liable to sea flooding, Irish murbhach, Middle Irish murmhagh; from muir and magh. Hence the locative A' Mhor'oich, the Gaelic name of Lovat. Aran Irish muirbheach, sandy soil by the seaside.
• morghath a fishing spear; "sea-spear", from muir and gath? Middle Irish murgai (Dean of Lismore).
• mС‚rnan a small timber dish, Irish mСѓrnР±n:
• mort
• murder, Irish mort, Middle Irish martad, slaughtering; from Latin mort- of mors, mortis, death.
• mortar
• mortar, Irish mortaoil; from the English
• mosach nasty, dirty; See musach.
• mosgail waken, arouse, Irish mСЉsguilim, mСЉsglaim, Middle Irish romuscail, he awoke, musclait, they wake: *imm-od-sc-al, root sec of dС‰isg.
• mosradh coarse dalliance, mosraiche, smuttiness; from mos with suffix radh. See musach for root.
• mothaich perceive, Irish mothuighim, Middle Irish mothaigim, perceive, Old Irish mothaigid, stupeat (?); root mot, met, Lithuanian matyti, see, Lettic matРЅt, perceive, Ch.Slavonic motriti, spectare, Greek @GmateСЉw, seek.
• mothan bog violet:
• mС‚thar loud noise, swelling of the sea, mothar, noise as from a cave (M`A.):
• mothar a park, clump of trees (Arms.), Middle Irish mothar, enclosure, a place studded with bushes:
• mu about, Irish um, im, Old Irish imb, imm-, Welsh am, Cornish, Breton am-, em, Gaulish ambi: *ambi, *m@.bi; Latin ambi-; Greek @Ga@'mfРЅ; Anglo-Saxon ymb.
• muc a pig, Irish muc, Old Irish mucc, Welsh moch, pigs, Breton moc'h, pigs: *mukku-; Latin mГ»cus, muccus, mucus; Greek @GmСЉxa, phlegm, @Ga@'pomСЉssw, wipe the nose, @Gmuktc/r, nose; Sanskrit muГ±cР±ti, let loose.
• mucag a hip or hep, fruit of the dog-rose, Middle Irish mucСѓra; from muc above. Cf. Greek @GmСЉkcs, a mushroom, from the same root.
• mС‰ch smother, press down, Irish, Old Irish mСЉchaim, also Early Irish mСЉch, smoke, Welsh mwg, smoke, Cornish mok, megi, stifle, Breton mik, suffocation, miga, be suffocated, moguiet, smoke: *mГ»ko-, root smГ»k, sm^g, (smГ»gh, smaugh), English smoke, Greek @GsmСЉhw, smoulder (v long). Stokes suggests old borrowing from the Anglo-Saxon Hence mС‰chan, a vent or chimney, Irish mСЉchР±n (O'Br.).
• mС‰dan a covering, covering for a gun:
• mugha destruction, decay, Irish mСЉgha, a perishing, straying, Middle Irish mugud, slaying, mogaim, I slay:
• mugharn ankle, so Irish; cf. Welsh migwrn, ankle, joint, Breton migorn, cartilage, which Stokes compares to Latin mucro, point.
• muidhe a churn, Early Irish muide, a vessel, buide, a churn, Welsh buddai, churn. Stokes compares buide and buddai to Greek @GpРЅqos, jar, Latin fedelia, pot, which is related to English body. The form muidhe has been compared to Latin modius, a peck, French muid, hogshead.
• muidse a mutch; from the Scottish mutch, German mГјtze.
• mС‰ig , mС‰g cloudiness, gloom, surliness, Irish mСЉig: *munki-, root muk, smoke, as in mС‰ch? Or *mu@-ggi-, allied to English muggy?
• muigh , a muigh outside; See mach.
• muilceann fell-wort, Irish muilcheann:
• muileach dear, beloved: *molico-, from mol, praise?
• muileag a cranberry:
• muileann a mill, so Irish, Old Irish mulenn, muilend, Welsh, Cornish, Breton melin; from Latin molГ®na, a mill, molo, grind (see meil). Gaelic muillear, miller, Early Irish muilleСѓir, is for *muilneСѓir.
• muileid a mukle, Irish mСЉille; from Latin mulus.
• muillean a husk, particle of chaff; from moll.
• muillean a truss (of hay or straw): cf. Scottish mullio (Orkney), and See under mul, heap.
• muillion a million, Irish milliun; from the Late Latin millionem, coined from mille, a thousand.
• muilteag a certain small red berry (Dial. H.S.D.). See muileag.
• muime a step-mother, nurse, Irish buime, muime, a nurse, Early Irish mumme, nurse, stepmother: *mud-s-mjГў, nurse, "suckler", root mud, suck; Latin mulier, woman; Greek @GmСЉxw, suck, @GmСЉdos, damp; Lithuanian mР±udyti, bath. It has also been paralleled to Latin mamma, German muhme, mother's sister, stepmother.
• muin teach, instruct, Irish mСЉinim, Old Irish mСЉnim:
• muin the back, Irish muin, Early Irish muin, back, neck, Welsh mwn, neck: *moni-, neck; Sanskrit mР±nyГў, neck; Latin monile, necklace; Old High German menni, neck ornaments, Anglo-Saxon mene, neck-chain; Ch.Slavonic monisto, necklace. See muineal, muing. Gaulish had also @GmaniР±kcs, collar or torque.
• mС‰in
• micturate, Irish mСЉn, urine, Early Irish mСЉn, root meu mГ», befoul; Sanskrit mu@-/tra urine; possibly also Latin mГ»to, mutto, penis, Early Irish moth, ball ferda.
• muineal the neck, Irish muineul, Early Irish muinР№l, Welsh mwnwgl: *moniklo-; from *moni- of muin, back, q.v.
• muineasach depressed (Glenmoriston):
• muing a name, Irish muing, Old Irish mong, Welsh myng (m.), Middle Breton mСѓe, Breton moue: *mongГў, *mongo-, root mon of muin, back, q.v. Further is English mane, Norse mГ¶n, German mГ¤hne; Swed. and Danish manke is especially close to Gaelic.
• muinichill , muilichinn (Arg.), a sleeve, Irish muinichille, muinchille, Early Irish munchille; from Latin manicula, manica, long sleeve, from manus, hand.
• muinighin confidence, trust, so Irish, Early Irish muinigin; from *moni-, love, desire, Norse munr, love, Old Sax. munilГ®k, lovable; root men, think (Latin mens, English mind, etc.).
• muinne stomach (Arg.). Cf. mionach.
• muinnte , munnda beauteous; cf. Latin mundus.
• mС‰innteachd disposition (Dial.); for root See muinighin, and cf. Old Irish muiniur, I think.
• muinntir household, people, Irish muinntir, Old Irish muinter, muntar. This is regarded by Stokes, Zimmer, and GГјterbock as an early borrowing from the Latin monasterium, monastery; the word familia is often applied to monasteries by Irish writers.
• muir the sea, Irish muir, Old Irish muir, gen. mora, Welsh mГґr, Cornish, Breton mor, Gaulish mor-: *mori-, sea; Latin mare; English mere, German meer; Ch.Slavonic morje.
• mС‰ire leprosy; from mС‰r, a countless number, q.v.
• muirgheadh a fisihing spear; See morghath.
• muirichinn children, family, Irish muiridhin, a charge, family: *mori-, care, charge, root mer, smer, remember; Latin memoria, memory; Greek @GmР№rimna, care; Sanskrit smarati, think, mind, *mori-gen-.
• mС‰irn joy, affection, Irish mСЉirn, mСЉirnРЅn (English mavourneen, my darling), Middle Irish mСЉirn, muirn: *morni-, root mor, mer, smer, as in muirichinn above.
• mС‰iseag a threat, muiseag (Arms.); from mus of musach.
• muisean a mean, sordid fellow; See musach for the root.
• mС‰isean a primrose, Irish mСЉiseР±n (O'Br.):
• muiseal a muzzle, Irish muisiall; from the English
• muisginn an English pint, mutchkin; from the Scottish mutchkin, Dutch mutsje, an eighth part of a bottle.
• mul a conical heap, mound, Irish mul, moil, Early Irish mul-, eminence: *mulu-; cf. Norse mСЉli, jutting crag, "mull", German maul, snout. Cf. Greek mulon, little heap of dried grass. mul-conain, conical suppurating sore.
• mul axle, Irish mul, mol, shaft; cf. Greek @GmelРЅc, ash, spear.
• mulachag a cheese, Irish, Middle Irish mulchР±n:
• mulad sadnmess; root mu, mutter?
• mulart dwarf elder, Irish mulabhСЉrd, malabhСЉr, mulart (O'Br.):
• mulc push, butt; cf. Latin mulceo, mulco, stroke, beat.
• mulc a shapeless lump, lump; mulcan, a pustule; cf. meall:
• mullach the top, Irish, Old Irish mullach: *muldГўko-, *muldo-, top, head; Anglo-Saxon molda, crown of the head; Sanskrit mГ»rdhР±n, top, head.
• mult a wedder, Irish, Old Irish molt, Welsh mollt, Cornish mols, vervex, Breton maout, a sheep (mas.): *molto-, root mel, mol, crush, grind, "mutilate"; Russ. moliti@u, cut, cut up, Old High German muljan, triturate. Hence Middle Latin multo, whence French mouton, a sheep, English mutton.
• munar a trifle, a trifling person, monar, diminutive person or thing:
• minganachd bullying:
• mС‰nloch a puddle, Irish mСЉnloch, gen. mСЉnlocha; from mСЉn and loch.
• mur unless, Irish muna (Donegal Irish mur; Monaghan has amur = acht muna, unless), Middle Irish mun, moni, mona, Early Irish, Old Irish mani; from ma, if, and ni, not: "if not". The Gaelic r for n is possibly due to the influence of gur and of the verbal particl ro- (in robh); mun-robh becoming mur-robh.
• mС‰r a wall, bulwark, palace, Irish, Early Irish mСЉr, Welsh mur; from Latin mГ»rus, a wall.
• mС‰r countless number (as of insects), Early Irish mСЉr, abundance; Greek @GmurРЅos (u long), countless, ten thousand; Sanskrit bhГ»ri, many. Stokes compares rather Greek @G-mura of @Gplc/mura (u long), @GplcmurРЅs (u short or long), flood tide, flood. mС‰r, leprosy = countless number.
• muran sea-bent, Irish muraineach, bent grass; from muir, the sea. Norse has mura, goose-grass.
• murcach sorrowful, Irish murcach, mСЉrcach; cf. Middle Breton morchet, anxiety, now morc'hed, Cornish moreth, chagrin. English murky, Norse myrkr could only be allied by borrowing. Cf. Latin marceo, droop.
• mС‰rla a coat of mail:
• murlach the king-fisher:
• murlag, murluinn a kind of basket, murlach, fishing basket (M`A.), Irish muirleog, a rod basket for sand eels and wilks (Donegal). Cf. Scottish murlain, a narrow-mouthed basket of a round form.
• murlan rough head of hair:
• murrach able, rich, murrtha, successful, Middle Irish muire, muiredach, lord, Murdoch; Anglo-Saxon maere, clarus, Norse maerr, famous (Stokes), same root as mСѓr.
• murt
• murder; See mort.
• murtachd sultry heat, weariness produced by heat:
• mus before, ere; cf. Old Irish mos, soon, mox, used as a verbal particle; it is allied to moch, being from *moqsu, Latin mox.
• musach nasty, Irish mosach ( O'R., Sh.), Welsh mws, effluvia, stinking, Breton mous, muck, mouz, crepitus ventris: *musso-, *mud-so-, root mud, be foul or wet; Greek @GmСЉsos (= @GmСЉd-sos), defilement, @GmСЉdos, clamminess, decay; Lithuanian mudas, dirty sea-grass: root mu (mu@-), soil, befoul, Gaelic mС‰in, English mud, etc.
• musg a musket, Irish mСЉsgaid, L.Middle Irish muscaed (Four Masters); from the English
• mС‰sg rheum about the eyes, gore of the eyes; from the root mГ», befoul, be wet, as discussed under musach, mС‰in.
• musgan dry-rot in wood, Irish musgan, mustiness, mouldiness; Latin muscus, moss; English moss, mushroom; Lithuanian musai (pl.), mould. This word is not in H.S.D., but it is implied in Arms. and is in M`E.; also in common use.
• mС‰sgan pith of wood, porous part of a bone (H.S.D.). Armstron gives also the meanings attached to musgan, above; the words are evidently the same.
• mС‰sgan the horse fish:
• mС‰suinn confusion, tumult, Irish mСЉisiСЉn, codlata, hazy state preceding sleep. From English motion?
• mutach short, Early Irish mut, everything short: *mutto-, root mut, dock; Latin mutilus, maimed (English mutilate), muticus, docked; Greek @GmРЅtulos, hornless.
• mС‰tan, mutan a muff, fingerless glove, also mutag (Arms.); from miotag, with a leaning on mutach, short. Thurneysen takes it from mutach without reference to miotag. Irish has muthСѓg (Con.).
• mС‰th change, Middle Welsh mudaw; from Latin mГ»to, I change.

© «lexicons.ru», 2012. Автор и владелец - Игорь Константинович Гаршин (см. резюме).
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