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An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language (F)

Домой:	Рус	Анг	Ита	Исп	Эсп

Здесь приведен этимологический словарь (на фонему F) гэльского (исконного шотландского) языка - пока на английском языке (см. английский словарный фонд).

F

• fa under, Irish fa, Early Irish fa (as in distributive numbers); a side form of fo, q.v., used in adverbial expressions. ++fa was (past of is), Middle Gaelic fa ( Dean of Lismore), Irish fa, fa h- (Keat.), Middle Irish fa h-, Early Irish ba h-, *bГўt, *(e)bhu-Гў-t; Latin -bat, -bamus, of refe-bam, etc.; root bheu, to be. See bu, the form now used.
• fР°bhar
• favour, Irish fР±bhar, Welsh ffafr; from Latin favor.
• fabhd a fault; from Scottish faut, from French faute.
• fabhra, fabhrad abhra, eyelid, eyebrow, Irish abhra, fabhra, eyelid, Early Irish abra, n.pl. abrait, Cornish abrans, Breton abrant, eyebrow, Mac. Greek @Ga@'brou@ntes; further @Go@'frСЉs, brow, English brow. There is an Early Irish bra, pl. brСѓi, dual brСЉad, *bruvat-. The phonetics are not clear. Stokes has suggested Latin frons, frontis, as allied, *bhront- with the prep. a(p)o (= Early Irish -a-), ab.
• fabhradh swirl, eddy (Carm.). Cf. Old Irish fobar (St.).
• facal, focal word, Irish focal, Old Irish focul, from Latin vocabulum (through *focvul, GГјterbock). Stokes and Wind. take it from Latin vocula.
• fachach the puffin - a water fowl (Sh.); root va, blow? Onomatopoetic: f-ah-ah, call of bird?
• fachail strife ( Sh.; H.S.D. marks it Dialectic); cf. Irish fachain, striving.
• fachant puny (H.S.D. for N.High.):
• fachaint ridicule, scoffing; from fo-cainnt, "sub-speaking". Cf. Welsh gogan, satire, Breton goge, *vo-can, root can, sing, say.
• fad, fad long, Irish fad, Old Irish fota, longus, fot, length, *vad-dho- or vaz-dho-, Latin vastus, vast? Hence fadal, delay, desiderium, Keat. faddР±il, "long delay", from fad and dР±il.
• fР°dadh , fadadh kindling, Irish fadadh, fadaghadh, fadСѓgh (Keat.), Middle Irish fatСѓd, Early Irish Р±tСЉd, which Zimmer analyses as *ad-soud (soud of iompaidh), but unsatisfactorily; Early Irish adsСЉi tenid, kindles, adsСЉithe, kindled (Meyer). Cf. fСѓd.
• fadharsach trifling, paltry, fagharsach:
• fadhbhag cuttle-fish:
• fafan a breeze:
• fР°g leave, Irish fР±gaim, Old Irish foacbaim, fР±cbaim, *fo-ad-gab-; root gab of gabh, q.v.
• fagus , faisg near, Irish fogus, Early Irish focus, ocus, Old Irish accus, Welsh agos, Breton hГґgoz, *aggostu-. See agus.
• faic see, Irish faic, Old Irish im-aci, vides-ne, *Р±d-cГ®, See chРј. The f is prothetic.
• faich, faiche a green (by the house), Irish, Early Irish faithche, the field nearest the house, Early Irish faidche, *ad-cР±io-, "by the house", Celtic kaio-n, house; See ceР°rdach. Ascoli refers it to Old Irish aith, area (an imaginary word), and Jubainville allies it with Welsh gwaen, plain, German weide (see bhР°n for Welsh).
• faiche a crab, or lobster's, burrow (M`A.); See aice:
• faichd hiding place, den, mole's burrow; See aice.
• faicheil stately, showy; cf. Irish faicheallach, luminous:
• faicill caution, guard, Early Irish accill, preparation, watch: *Р±d-ciall; from ciall, sense? CF. dРјchioll.
• fР°idh a prophet, Irish fР±idh, Old Irish fР±ith, *vГўti-s; Latin vates; Norse СѓГ°r, sense, song, Middle English wood, Scottish wud (= mad), German with, rage. Welsh has gwawd, carmen: *vГўto-.
• faidhbhile a beech, Irish feagha, fagh-vile (Lh., Comp.Voc.), Welsh ffawydden, Breton fao; from Latin fagus. Gaelic adds the old word bile, a tree, which is the same in origin as bile, leaf.
• faidhir a fair, Irish faidhrРЅn; founded on English fair, faire (from Latin feria). For phonetics, cf. paidhir from pair, and staidhir from stair.
• faidseach lumpish ( Sh.); faidse, lump of bread ( M`A.):
• faigh get, Irish faghaim, Early Irish fagbaim, Old Irish nРЅ fogbai, non invenis, from fo-gabim, root gab of gabh, q.v.
• faighe begging, etc.; See faoighe.
• faighnich , foighnich ask: *vo-gen-, root gen, know, as in aithne. Cf. Early Irish imma foacht, asked. Windisch refers to iar-faigim, iarfacht, I asked, = iarmifoacht, root ag, say. iarmi-fo-siag (St. R.C.@+19 177).
• fail, foil corrupt, putrefy, parboil; root vel, bubble, boil; Norse vella, boil, English well, German wallen, bubble.
• fail, foil a stye, Irish fail, Old Irish foil, mucc-foil, hara, trР№t-foil, Welsh gwГўl, couch, *vali-, root vel, cover, encircle; Greek @Gei@'lСЉw, envelop (*velu-), @Gei@'@?nlar, shelter; Sanskrit valР±, cave, vali, projecting thatched roof. In the sense of "encircling, rolling", add Latin volvo, volumen, English volume, wallow, etc. Further allied is Gaelic olann, wool, English wool, Latin lГўna, etc.
• fail, fР°il a ring, Irish fР±il, Old Irish foil, g. falach, *valex; Greek @Ge@`lix, a twist, spire, vine-tendril; root vel, "circle", as above in fail. Cf. for vowel fР°l, dike; Breton gwalen, "bague sans chaton". Also failbhe, Irish failge, for failghe; from the stem falach or falagh condensed to falgh.
• failc bathe, lave, Irish folcadh, Old Irish folcaim, Welsh golchi, Breton goalc'hi, wash, *volkГґ; Lettic wa'lks, damp, wa'lka, flowing water, swampish place. Further allied is Gaelic fliuch, q.v. Possibly here place Volcae, the Rhine Gauls, after whom the Teutons named the Celts; whence Wales, Welsh, etc.
• failcin pot-lid (Arran), failceann ( Rob.); from fail, ring (Rob.).
• fР°ile smell, savour; See Р°ile.
• fР°ileag dog-brier berry (= mucag):
• faileagan little lawns (Carm.): cf. Р°ilean.
• faileas shadow, aileas (Dial.); from fo-leus? or allied to ail, mark?
• failleagan, ailleagan, faillean root or hole of the ear, faillean, sucker of a tree: *al-nio-, root al, nourish?
• fР°illig , fР°ilnich
• fail, fР°illinn, failing, Irish faillighim, Early Irish faill, failure, Welsh gwall, Breton goall, *valni-; root val of feall, q.v. Borrowing from English fail, from Latin fallo, is however, possible in the modern languages.
• failm a helm; from the Norse hjР±lm, English helm.
• failmean kneepan (M`A.); from fail, ring ( Rob.). See falman.
• fР°ilt , fР°ilte welcome, hail! Irish, Old Irish fР±ilte, *vГўletiГў, root vГўl, vel, glow; Welsh gwawl, lumen; Greek a@'lР№a, warmth, sun's heat; Gothic vulan, be hot, Old High German walm, heat (Bez.). Cf. Caesar's Valetiacus. Borrowing from Latin valГЄte seems to be Zimmer's view (Zeit. @+30 28). Rhys suggests Welsh gwell; Hend., English wealth.
• fainear under consideration, Irish fa deР±ra, remark, fР№ ndeР±r, fР№ ndeara (Munster). Foley gives tabhair fa d'aire = "observe". "Thoir fainear" = observe, consider. The above may be a fixed fa d'aire = fa-deara, with n from the plural an, their.
• fainleag, ainleag a swallow, Irish Р±inleСѓg, Old Irish fannall, Welsh gwennol, Cornish guennol, Breton gwenneli *vannello. Cf. French vanneau, lapwing, It. vannello, Medieval Latin vannellus, which is usually referred to Latin vannus, fan. *vat-n-allo-s (Holden).
• fР°inne a ring, Irish fР±inne, Р±inne, Old Irish Р±nne, *ГўnniГў; Latin Гўnus, English annular.
• fair, fР°ir, far
• fetch, bring; a curtailed form of tabhair through thabhair or (tha)bhair? Cf. thoir.
• fР°ir dawn, Early Irish fР±ir, Welsh gwawr, Breton gouere-, morning, gwereleuen, morning-star, *vГўsri-, Lithuanian vasarР±, summer, Sanskrit vГўsarР±, early shining, morning (adj.), Latin ver, spring, Greek @Ge@'/ar, spring (Stokes).
• fР°ir, fР°ire ridge, sky-line; from fР°ir, dawn? Cf., however, Irish faireСѓg, hillock, and fР°ireag, below.
• fairc bathe; See fathraig.
• fairc links, lands sometimes covered by the sea (M`A., who says that in Islay it means "hole"); from English park?
• fairce, fairche (M`D.), a mallet, Irish farcha, farcha, farca, Middle Irish farca, Early Irish forcha tened, thunderbolt; root ark as in adharc?
• faircill a cask or pot lid, Early Irish farcle: *vor-cel-, root cel, cover.
• faire watching, Irish, Early Irish faire; See aire.
• fР°ireag a gland, swollen gland, Irish fР±ireСѓg ( Fol., O'R.); cf. Welsh chwaren, gland, blotch, root sver, hurt, German schwer, difficult. The Welsh precludes comparison with Latin va@urus, pimple, varix, dilated vein, English varicose.
• fairge the ocean,Irish fairrge, Old Irish fairgge, Ptolemy's Vergivios, the Irish Atlantic; from the same root as fearg. In Sutherland fairge means the "ocean in storm". Usually pronounced as if fairce. Welsh MГґr Werydd, the Atlantic.
• fairgneadh hacking, sacking:
• fairich perceive, feel, Irish airighim, Old Irish airigur, sentio; same root as faire (Stokes, Beit. @+8 341).
• fairleas an object on the sky-line (H.S.D. from MSS.); *f-air-leus; from leus, light.
• fairmeil noisy: allied to seirm. See foirm?
• fairsing wide, Irish, Old Irish fairsing, Welsh eang (= *ex-ang, ehang), *f-ar-ex-ang: "un-narrow", root ang, narrow (Stokes for Welsh).
• fairtlich , fairslich baffle; *vor-tl@.-, "over-bear", root tel, tol, bear (Latin tolero, English tolerate)?
• faisg pick off vermin: for root See caisg.
• faisg near: See fagus.
• fР°isg squeeze, wring, Irish fР±isge, Early Irish faiscim, Welsh gwasgu. premere, Old Breton guescim, Breton goascaff, stringere, *vakshГґ; Sanskrit vГўhate, press; English wedge; further Latin vexo. *fo-ad-sech (Asc.).
• fР°isne a pimple, weal (H.S.D., Dial.):
• fР°isneachd, fР°istine prophecy, omen, Irish fР±isdineachd, fР±isdine, Old Irish fР±itsine; for fР±ith-sine, where th is deaspirated before s; from fР±ith, with the termination -sine (-stine?) Zeuss @+2 777.
• faisneis speaking, whispering, Irish fР±isnР№is, rehearsal, Middle Irish faisnР№is, Early Irish aisnР№is, vb. aisnР№dim, narrate, *as-in-feid-, infРЅadim, root veid, vid, know; See innis.
• fР°ite a smile, Irish faitbe (O'R.), laugh, Old Irish faitbim, I laugh, *fo-aith-tibim, tibiu, I laugh, *stebiГґ; Lithuanian stebiu@os, astonish.
• faiteach, fР°iteach timorous, shy, Irish fР±iteach, faitcheas, fear (Keat.), Old Irish faitech, cautus: *f-ad-tech, "home-keeping"?
• fР°itheam a hem, Irish fР±ithim, fathfhuaim; fo and fuaim. See fuaigh.
• fР°l turf, sods, dike, Irish fР±l, hedge, fold, Old Irish fР±l, saepes, Welsh gwawl, rampart, Pictish fahel, murus, *vГўlo-; Latin vallum, English wall. See further under fail, stye.
• fР°l a spade, peat spade, Manx faayl, Welsh pГўl, Cornish pal; from Latin pГўla. Also "scythe" (Wh.).
• falach a hiding, covering, Irish, Early Irish folach, Welsh, Breton golo, *vo-lugГґ, *lugГґ, hide, lie; Gothic liugan, tell a lie, English lie (Stokes). Ernault refers it to the root legh, logh, lie, as in Gaelic laighe: "under-lie", in a causative sense.
• falachd spite, malice, treachery, Irish fala. See fР°illig, feall for root.
• faladair orts (M`D.):
• fР°ladair a scythe, really "man who works the scythe", a turfer, from fР°l: "scythe" properly is iarunn fР°ladair.
• fР°ladair bare pasture (H.S.D. for Heb.): "turf-land", from fР°l.
• fala-dhР° a jest, irony, fun; See fealla-dhР°.
• falair an interment, funeral entertainment (Stew.) = farair?
• fР°laire an ambler, mare, Irish falaire, ambling horse; seemingly founded on English palfrey. The form Р°laire, exists, in the sese of "brood-mre" (M`Dougall's Folk and Hero Tales), leaning upon Р°l, brood, for meaning. Irish falaradh, to amble.
• falaisg heath-burning, Irish folosg (do.), Early Irish foloiscim, I burn slightly; from fo and loisg, q.v.
• falamh empty, Irish folamh, Middle Irish folum, Early Irish folom, folomm; cf. Old Welsh guollung, Middle Breton gollo, Breton goullo. Windisch derives the Gaelic from lom, bare, but the modern aspiration of folamh makes this derivation doubtful. Ernault refers the Breton to the root of Latin langueo.
• falbh go falbhan, moving about, walking, waving, Irish foluamhain, bustling, running away, Early Irish folСЉamain, flying; See fo and luainech. Old Irish fulumain, volubilis, allied to Latin volvo, English wallow, would suit the phonetics best, but it does not appear in the later dialects. The verb falbh is made from falbhan. Hennessey referred the Gaelic to falamh, empty. Cf. Early Irish falmaigim, empty, quit (Zim.).
• falbhair the young of live stock, a follower as a calf or foal; from the Scottish follower, a foal, English follower.
• falcag common auk, falc (Heb.); from Norse Р±lka, English auk.
• fallaid dry meal put on cakes:
• fallain healthy, Irish fallР±in, Early Irish follР±n; for fo+ slР°n, q.v.
• fallsa
• false (M`D.), Irish, Middle Irish fallsa; from the Latin falsus.
• falluing a mantle, so Irish, Middle Irish fallaing, Latinised form phalingis (Geraldus), dat.pl., Welsh ffaling; from Latin palla, mantle, pallium. Cf. Old French pallion, Middle English pallioun. Middle English falding, sort of coarse cloth (Hend.).
• fallus sweat, Irish fallus, allus, Old Irish allas: *jasl, root jas, jes, seethe, yeast, Welsh jas, what pervades, Breton goell (= vo-jes-l), leaven; English yeast, zeal; Greek @GzР№w, boil.
• falmadair the tiller: "helm-worker", from falm, helm, from Norse hjР±lm, helm. See failm.
• falmair a kind of fish (H.S.D. for Heb.), falmaire, herring hake:
• falman kneepan:
• falt hair, Irish folt, Old Irish folt, Welsh gwallt, Cornish gols, caesaries, Old Breton guolt, *valto-s (Stokes), root vel, cover; Latin vellus, fleece, lР±na, wool, Greek @GlР±sios, hairy (= vlatios); English wool; Lithuanian velti, hairs, threads. Stokes compares only Russ. voloti@u, thread, Lithuanian waltis, yarn, Greek @GlР±sios. Same root as olann, wool, *vel, *vol, *ul.
• faltan a tendon, snood; for altan, from alt.
• famhair a giant, Irish fomhor, pirate, giant, Early Irish fomСѓr, fomСѓrach, a Fomorian, a mythic race of invaders of Ireland; *fo-mСѓr, "sub-magnus" (Zimmer). Stokes refers the -mor, -morach, to the same origin as mare of nightmare, German mahr, nightmare. Rhys interprets the name as "sub-marini", taking mor from the root of muir, sea. The Сѓ of mСѓr, if it is long (for it is rarely so marked) is against these last two derivations.
• famhsgal, fannsgal hurry, confusion (Arg.):
• famh-thalmhainn, fath a mole, fadhbh (Lh.), Welsh gwadd, Cornish god, Breton goz; Middle English wont, talpa. Dialectic ath-thalmhain.
• fan stay, Irish fanaim, Old Irish anaim; root an, breathe, exist, as in anam, anail: "gabhail anail" = taking rest. Stokes suggests an = m@.m, root men, remain, Latin maneo, Greek @GmР№nw, a phonetic change not yet proved for Gaelic. Welsh di-anod, without delay.
• fanaid mockery, Irish fonomhad, Early Irish fonomat: *vo-nom-anto-, root nem, take, for which See nР°mhad.
• fanaigse dog violet ( H.S.D. quoting O'R.), Irish fanaigse ( O'R.): from pansy?
• fР°nas a void space; from Latin vanus.
• fang a sheep-pen, fank; from Scottish fank.
• fang a vulture, Irish fang, raven.
• fann
• faint, Irish, Early Irish fann, Welsh, Breton gwan, Cornish guan, debilis, *vanno-s, root vГў, ven, spoil, wound; Gothic wunns, affliction, winnan, to suffer, English wound, wan; Greek @Ga@'/te, infatuation, etc. Others have connected it with Latin vannus and with English want. fannan-feС‚ir, weak breeze (M`D.).
• fannadh
• fishing with a feathered hook (H.S.D. for Heb.):
• faob an excrescence, knob, piece, Irish fadhb (Lh.++), Old Irish odb, obex, Welsh oddf: *ud-bhv-o-, "out-growth", root bhu, be (See bu). Stokes gives a Celtic *odbСѓs, from eГ°go-s, ozgo-s(?), allied to Greek @Go@'/shc, twig? Latin obex; or to Lithuanian u@odega, tail. LidР№n equates Latin offa, a ball. Stokes now @Go@'sfСЉs.
• faobh booty, Irish fadhbhaim, I despoil, Old Irish fodb, exuvias: *vodvo-, from Indo-European vedh, slay, thrust; Sanskrit vadh, slay; Greek @Gw@'qР№w, push. The root may be vedh, pledge, Greek @Ga@'/eqlon, war prize, English wager.
• faobhag the common cuttle-fish (Heb.).
• faobhar edge, so Irish, Early Irish faebur, Old Irish faibur, machera, sword, *vaibro-s, Latin vibro, vibrate, brandish, Lithuanian wyburti, wag (Stokes). Cf. further Welsh gwaew, pl. gweywyr, a lance.
• faoch , faochag a periwinkle, Irish faochСѓg, Middle Irish faechСѓg; cf. Welsh gwichiad.
• faoch curve (Carm.):
• faochadh a favourable crisis in sickness, relief; See faothaich.
• faochainn entreat earnestly, strive, inf. faochnadh (M`A., Arg.):
• faochaire knave (Carm.):
• faod , feud may, Irish fР№adaim, I can, Early Irish fР№taim, can, sР№tar, seitir, potest, *sventГґ; Gothic swinГѕs, strong, Anglo-Saxon swРЅГ° (do.), Norse svinnr, clever, German geschwind, swift (Stokes).
• fadail goods found by chance or lost, waif: "foundling", Early Irish Р№taim, I find, *pentГґ, English find. See eudail.
• faodhail
• ford, a narrow channel fordable at low water, a hollow in the sand retaining tide water: from Norse vaГ°ill, a shallow, a place where straits can be crossed, Shet vaadle, English wade.
• faoghaid , faghaid
• faodhailt, starting of game, hunting:
• faoghar a sound; See rather foghar.
• faoighe, faighdhe begging, asking of aid in corn, etc., Middle Irish faigde, Old Irish foigde, mendicatio, *fo-guide; from fo and guidhe, beg, q.v.
• faoilidh liberal, hospitable, Irish faoilidh, joyful, Old Irish fР±ilidh, blithe, *vГўleti-s, allied to fР±ilt, welcome (Stokes). Hence faoilte, welcome, delight. Root, *vil, Greek @Gi@`larСѓs, gay?
• faoileag , faoileann a sea-gull, Irish faoileР±n, Old Irish faoilenn, Welsh gwylan, Breton gwelan, whence French goГ«land and English gull. For root, Stokes compares English wail.
• faoilleach , faoillteach the month extending from the middle of January to the middle of February, Irish faoillidh (do.), faoilleach (do.), holidays, Carnival. The idea is "Carnival" or month of rejoicing; from faoilidh. Usually referred to faol, wolf: "wolf-month". Cf. fР№ill. February in Irish = mРЅ na FР№ile BrРЅghde.
• faoin vain, void, Irish faon, Middle Irish faen, weak:
• faoisg unhusk, faoisgeag, a filbert, unhusked nut, Old Irish Р±esc, concha, aesc, classendix, Latin aesculus? (Stokes). Cf. Welsh gweisgion, husks, gweisgioni, to husk.
• faoisid , faosaid confession, Irish faoisdin, Old Irish fСѓistiu, *vo-sestamtion- (Stokes), furoissestar, confessus: fo and seasamh, q.v. Cf. Greek @Gu@`fРЅstcmi, submit. ++faol , faolchu a wolf, so Irish, Early Irish fР±el, fael-chСЉ, Welsh gweilgi, the sea ("wild dog"), *vailo-s; Armenian gail.
• faolainn a stony beach (Heb.): "the beach", vaГ°linn.
• faolum learning; See fС‚ghlum.
• faomadh
• fainting from closeness or excitement, falling (Lewis); from aomadh.
• faondradh wandering, exposure, Old Irish airndrethach, errantia = air-ind-reth-; Gaelic is for fo-ind-reth-, root ret, run, of ruith, q.v. For ind, See ionn-.
• faotainn getting, Early Irish foemaim, I receive, root em, grasp, hold, Latin emo. Gaelic is for *vo-em-tin-.
• faothaich relieve, be relieved from fever, etc., Irish faothamh, recovery after a crisis, alleviation: *fo-thР°mh?
• far upon, far an (am), where, Irish mar a n-, where; from mar and rel., not from for.
• far with, far rium, with me, Irish a bh-farradh, with (lit. "in company of", with gen.). See farradh and mar ri.
• far
• freight (a ship), Irish faraim, faraighim, farthadh or faradh, a freight:
• far bring; See fair.
• far- over; See far, upon, and air. far-ainm, nick-name; far-cluais, listening, etc.
• farachan death watch beetle: "hammerer"; from fairche, hammer, Irish farachan, a hammer (also Gaelic, Wh.). The possibility of its being from faire must not be overlooked.
• faradh a roost, Irish faradh (do.), Early Irish forud, a bench, seat, shelf: *for-sud, root sed, seat, as in suidhe, q.v. Cf. Welsh gor-sedd, a seat. Early Irish forad, platform *ver-podo-.
• faraich a cooper's wedge; See fairce.
• farail a visit, inquiry for health; from far or for and -ell-, -eln-, go, root el, as in Latin amb-ulare, Greek @Ge@'lqei@nn. See further under tadhal.
• faraire see forair.
• faraire lykewake:
• farasda easy, gentle, Irish farasda, forasda, solid, reasonable, "staid": *for-asda; for asda, See fasdadh. farasda is confused with furasda, q.v.
• farbhail a lid; from far-bheul, "super-os", from beul, mouth.
• farbhalach a stranger; from falbhalach, from falbh?
• farbhas a surmise; *far-meas, from meas, judge. Cf. eirmis.
• farbhas noise:
• fР°rdach a mansion, hearth, home; cf. dachaidh.
• fР°rdadh alder bark for dyeing black (H.S.D., Dial.), lye, or any colour in liquid (M`A.); from far and dath?
• fР°rdal delay, Middle Irish fordall, staying, Early Irish fordul:
• fardan a farthing, Irish fardРЅn; from the English
• fР°rdorus lintel, Irish fР±rdorus, Early Irish fordorus, porch, Welsh gwarddrws, lintel; from for, far and dorus.
• farfonadh a warning (H.S.D.); See root in fathunn: *vor-svon.
• fargradh a report: *vor-gar, root gar as in goir.
• fР°rlus chimney or roof-light, Early Irish forlР№s; from for- and leus, q.v. Cf. Р°rlas.
• farmachan a sand lark (H.S.D., Dial.):
• farmad envy, Irish formad, Old Irish format: *for-mad, the mad being for mento- (*ver-mento-, Stokes), root men, Latin mens, English mind. See dearmad.
• farmail a large pitcher (Heb.):
• farpas refuse of straw or hay ( H.S.D., M`E.); cf. rapas.
• farpuis strife, co-fharpuis:
• fР°rr off! be off!
• farrach violence, Irish farrach, forrach; See farran. ++farradh company, vicinity, Middle Gaelic na warri (Dean of Lismore), Irish farradh, Early Irish farrad, i fharrad, near, Old Irish in arrad; from ar-sod-, "by-seat", root sod, sed, sit, as in suidhe. Hence Irish compound prep. a bh-farradh; and from the same source comes the Gaelic mar ri, q.v.
• fР°rradh litter in a boat:
• farragan a ledge (Arran), = faradh, dh hardened.
• farraid ask, inquire; faghairt (Perth), which suggests fo-gar-t, root gar, speak. Cf. iarr.
• farral, farran anger, force, Irish farrР±n, vexation, anger, forrР±n, oppression, Middle Irish forrР±n, destruction, Early Irish forranach, destructive. Hence Gaelic farrant, great, stout, Irish farrР±nta (O'Br.). Also farrach. The root seems to mean "superiority"; root vers, vors, as in feР°rr, q.v.?
• farusg a peeling, inner rind; Middle Irish forrusc; from for- and rС‰sg, q.v.
• farruinn pinnacle; from far and rinn.
• farsaing wide; better fairsing, q.v.
• farspach , farspag arspag, a seagull:
• farum noise, Irish fothrum, Early Irish fothrom, fothrond, Welsh godornn, tumultuous nois (Hend.); for fo-thorm, from toirm. Stokes suggest fo-thrond, from torann. The roots are allied in either case.
• fР°s grow, Irish fР±saim, Old Irish Р±saim, fР±saim, root aux, au@g, increase, Latin augeo, Greek @Gau@'/xw, English eke, wax. Stokes and Strachan refer fР±s to a stem (p)Гўt-to-, pР±t, pat, eat, feed, Greek @GpatР№omai, eat, English feed, food. Latin pasco, pastum.
• fР°s empty, waste, fР°sach, a desert, Irish fР±s, fР±sach, Old Irish fР±s, fР±as, vanus, fР±sach, desert: *vГўsto-s, a waste; Latin vastus, vastare; English waste, German wГјste. Hence fР°san, refuse of grain: "waste". fР±sach, desert, is neuter, See M`A. pref. VIII.
• fasair harness, girth-saddle; See asair.
• fasan
• fashion; from the English
• fadadh hiring, binding, Irish fastogh, hiring, See foisteadh.
• fasdail, astail a dwelling, Early Irish fastud, holding fast, vb. astaim, fastaim, Old Irish asstai, moratur, adsaitis, residentes, *ad-sod-, root sed, sod of suidhe (Thurneysen). Welsh eistedd, sitting, is for *ex-sod-ijo. It is possible to refer astaim to *ad-stГў-, root sta, stand, Latin sto; the -asda of farasda, "staid", seems from it (cf. tairis).
• fasgadh shelter, Irish fosgadh, Old Irish foscad, umbra: *fo-scР±th, "sub-umbra"; See sgР°th, shade.
• fasgaidh a picking or cleansing off of vermin. See faisg. fasgnadh?
• fasgnadh winnowing, fasgnag, asgnag, corn-fan, Irish fasgnaim, I purge.
• faspan difficulty, embarrassment:
• fath a mole; See famh.
• fР°th vista (Carm.):
• fР°th a cause, reason, Irish fath, fР±th, Early Irish fР±th, *vГўt-u-; root vГўt as in fР°ith? See fathamas.
• fathamas a degree of fear, awe, a warning; also fothamas: *fo-ted-mess-, root of meas, tomhas, etc.
• fathamas occasion, opportunity: *fo-tad-mess-, See amas.
• fathan , athan coltsfoot, Irish fathР±n (O'R.):
• fathanach trifling, silly:
• fathraig , fothraig bathe, Irish fothrugaim, Old Irish fothraicim, fothaircthe, balnearum, fothrucud, a bath, *vo-tronkatu- (Stokes), Welsh trochi, mergere, balneare, Breton go-zronquet; Lithuanian trinkti, wash, bathe (Bez.).
• fathast yet, Middle Irish, Early Irish fodesta, fodechtsa, for fo-fect-sa, the d being otiose and caused by analogy (Zim., Zeit.@+30 21). Atkinson suggests with a query fo'nd(fh)echt-sa. The root word is fecht, time: "under this time, sub hoc tempus". See feachd, time. Hence also feasd (= i fecht-sa).
• fathunn news, floating rumour, fabhunn (Dial.): *vo-svon, root sven, sound (see tabhann), or root bon, ban, English ban, Old Irish atboind, proclaims?
• fРё, fРёath (fРёith, fiath), a calm, Middle Irish feith, Early Irish fР№th, Old Irish fР№th, Gadelic root vei, *ve-jo-, root ve, vГЄ, blow, Greek @Ga@'c/r, air, (whence English air), German wehen, to blow, English wind, especially weather (root vet) for the Gaelic sense.
• feabhas, feobhas goodness, "betterness", Irish feabhus, Old Irish febas, superiority, feib, distincion, *visus, g. vesv-iР±s (Thurneysen, Zeit.@+28 149, and Brug.), from vesu- or vesv-, as in fiС‰, q.v. Stokes doubtfully compares Latin vigeo, English vigour (Bez. Beit.@+19 75).
• feachd an army, host, expedition, Irish feachd, an expedition, Early Irish fecht (ar fecht agus sluagad), Welsh gwaith, action, work. This Zimmer refers to Old Irish fichim, I fight (Latin vinco, Gothic veihan, root viq), as well as ++feachd time, Irish feachd, Early Irish fecht, oenfhecht, once, Welsh gwaith, turn, vicem. Stokes separates the latter (feachd, time, Early Irish fecht, journey), giving as stem vektГў, root vegh (Latin veho, English waggon); for fecht, campaign, hosting, he gives the Celtic viktГў, root viq, as Zimmer does. The words seem, as Stokes has it, from two roots, but now they are indistinguishably mixed. Osthoff regards feachd, time, as allied to Latin vices; See fiach.
• fead a whistle, Irish fead, Middle Irish fet-, fetР±n, a flute, a whistle, Welsh chwythell, a whistle, chwyth, a blast, breath, *wviddo-, *svizdo-, Latin sibilus, English sibilant. See further under sР№id.
• feadh lenght, extent, so Irish; See eadh.
• feadhainn people, some people, troop, Irish feadhainn, Early Irish fedain, company, cobeden conjugatio, Welsh gwedd, team, yoke, root ved, Indo-European vedh, English wed, Latin vas, vadis, surety, Sanskrit vi-vadhР±, shoulder-yoke.
• fealan (M`A. feallan), itch, hives; it also means "worm" (See fiolan), Middle Irish filСЉn, glandular disease, fiolСЉn saith, anthrax, malignant struma, all which Stokes takes from Late Latin fello, strumae.
• feall treachery, Irish feall, Early Irish fell (*velno-, Welsh gwall, defect, Breton goall (do.), Cornish gal, malus, malum, Breton gwall (do.), root vel, cheat; Lithuanian ap-vilti, viliСѓti, cheat, Lettic wilР±t, deceitful; Norse vР№l, a deceit, wile, English wile; Zend vareta, error. Stokes hesitates between the above and vel from u(p)el, Gothic ubils, English evil.
• fealla-dhР° joking, irony: *feall+dhР°, "double-dealing".
• feallsanach philosopher, Irish feallsamhnach, feallsamh, philosopher, Old Irish felsub; from Latin philosophus.
• feamach groos, dirty ( Sh., O'R.): from feam, tail, as in feaman.
• feamainn sea-weed, Irish feamuin, Early Irish femnach, Welsh gwymon, French goГ«mon, *vit-s-mР±ni-, root vi, vei, wind, as in fРёith, vein? Stokes gives the stem as vemmГўni- (vembani-?), which suggests *ve@gvo-, root ve@g, as in feur.
• feaman a tail, Irish feam, Middle Irish feam, mentula, Manx famman; also Gaelic eaman, *engvo-, Latin inguen, groin.
• feann
• flay:
• feannadh skinning, excessive cold; See fionnadh. The idea of "cold" is metaphorical. Early Irish fennaim, I skin, is referred by Stokes to the root of English wound: he gives the stem as *venvo-.
• feannag hooded crow, Irish feannСѓg, fionnСѓg: cf. fionna, pile, for root: "piled crow"?
• feannag a lazy-bed; older fennoc, trench: from feann, flay.
• fear a man, Irish fear, Old Irish fer, Welsh gwr, Old Welsh gur, Cornish gur, Breton gour, *viro-s (Rhys thinks the Celtic start was ver: cf. Welsh gwr = ver, super, and Gaelic eadh, Old Irish ed = Latin id, etc.): Latin vir; Anglo-Saxon wer, Norse verr, English werwolf; Lithuanian wy/ras; Sanskrit vГ®ra.
• fearann land, so Irish, Early Irish ferand, also ferenn, a girdle, garter, root vera, enclose, look after; Sanskrit varan@.Р±, well, dam, vr@.n@.oti, cover, enclose; Greek @Ge@'rusqai, draw, keep; Church Slavonic vrГЄti, claudere: further Latin vereor, English ware.
• fearg wrath, so Irish, Early Irish ferg, Old Irish ferc, ferg, *vergГў; Greek @Go@'rgc/; root vergo, swell, be puffed up. Hence feargnadh, provocation.
• feР°rna alder tree, Irish fearn, fearnСѓg, Early Irish fern, fernog, Welsh gwern, Cornish gwernen, Gaulish verno-, French verne, *verno-; Greek @Ge@'rnia, wild figs (? Bez.).
• feР°rr better, Irish feР±rr, Old Irish ferr, *vers, *ver(i)s, a comparative in -is from the prep. ver (= Gaelic far, for, super); now comparative for math, but evidently once for fern, good, *verno-s, Latin supernus (cf. -no- of magnus disappearing in major, and -ro- of Celtic mГўros in Gaelic mС‚). Stokes refers ferr to vers, raise, *uersos-, height, top; Latin verruca, steep place, Lithuanian wirzС‰s, top, Sanskrit varshman-, height, vР±rshГ®yas, higher. Cf. Welsh goreu, best (= Latin supremus).
• feР°rsaid a spindle, Irish fearrsaid, Middle Irish fersaid, *versatti-, *verttati-, Welsh gwerthyd, Cornish gurthit, Old Breton guirtilon, fusis, Middle Breton guerzit, root vert, turn; Latin vertГґ, vortex; German werden, to be, English worth, be, Middle High German wirtel, spindle ring. Sanskrit vР±rtate, turn, roll, vartulГў, spindle ball.
• fearsaideag thrift or sea gilly-flower; from ovs. fearsad, estuary, sand-bank, passage across at ebb-tide, whence place-name Fersit, and in Ireland Belfast; for root see feart.
• feart attention, notice; Breton gortos, to attend, root vert, vort; German warten, attend, English ward, from ware, Nor. varГ°a, ward. An extension of root ver, watch, Latin vereor, etc.
• feart a virtue, efficiency, deed, Irish feart, Old Irish firt, pl. ferta, Welsh gwyrth; from Latin virtus (Windisch, Stokes). ++feart a grave, Irish feart, Old Irish fert, tumulus, *verto-; root ver, cover, enclose, which See under fearann. Cf. Sanskrit vr@.ti, enclosure, hedge.
• fearthuinn rain, Irish fearthuinn, Early Irish ferthain, inf. to feraim, I pour, give, *veraГґ, rain: Latin Г»rРЅna, urine, Greek @Gou@`@nron (do.): Norse СЉr, a drizzle, Anglo-Saxon wГ¤r, sea; Sanskrit va@-/ri, water, Zend, vГўra, rain. See dС‚irt.
• feascradh shrivelling, so Irish (O'R.):
• feasd , am feasd
• for ever, Irish feasda, henceforward, Early Irish festa, ifesta, now, from this point forward, i fecht-sa; from feachd by metathesis of the s. See fathast.
• feasgar evening, Irish feascar, Old Irish fescor, *vesqero-, Welsh ucher, *eksero- for *esqero-; Latin vesper; Greek @Ge@`spР№ros.
• feathachan slight breeze; See feothachan.
• fР№ile generosity, hospitality, Irish fР№ile, Early Irish fР№le; from fial, q.v. ++fР№ile charm, incantation, Early Irish Р№le, hР№le, mo fhele; from Norse heill, auspice, omen, English hale, etc.; allied to Old Irish cР№l, augurium, Welsh coel, omen, Old Welsh coil (Zim., Zeit.@+33 147). For Gaelic fР№ile, See Inv. Gaelic Soc. Tr. @+17 243. Stokes regards Zimmer's derivation from Norse a failure, and compares Welsh wylo, wail, weep, as Irish amor, music = Welsh afar, grief, and Gaelic ceС‚l = German heulen, howl. Rhys cfs. Welsh eli, oil, ointment.
• fР№ile, fР№ileadh a kilt, Early Irish, Old Irish fРЅal, velum: Old Irish ronfeladar, he might clothe us; from Latin vГЄlum, a covering, vГЄlare, English veil. In Islay, Jura, etc., it is an t-sibhleadh. McL. and D. also give Р№ibhleadh. Hend. questions if Latin See uanfebli in Fled Breton 68. Root sveil as in fill, spaoil, etc?
• fР№ill a fair, feast, Irish fР№il, festival, holiday, Old Irish fР№il, Welsh gwyl, festum, Breton goel, *vegli-; Latin vigilia, Greek veille, a watch, vigil, English vigil, wake. The Celtic words are borrowed from Latin (Windisch, Stokes). Hence fР№illire, an almanack.
• fР№in self, Irish, Old Irish fР№in, *sve-j-sin, "self there", *sve-j, *sve, Prussian swaiss, Church Slavonic svoji@u; Latin suus, se@-; Greek @Ge@`/, @Go@`/s. Zeuss explains fР№in, as bР№-shin, "quod sit hoc", bР№ being the verb to be. This explanation is due to the divers forms of the Old Irish word for "self, selves": fР№sine (= bР№-sin-Р№, sit id hoc), fР№sin, fadesin (= bad-Р№-sin), fodР№n, etc. FР№inn g. , the Fingalians, Irish FР№inne, Fiann, Early Irish fРЅann, *veinnГў, also Early Irish fРЅan, a hero, *veino-s, root vein, strive; Latin vГЄnari, hunt; Sanskrit vР№nati, go, move, desire. Zimmer takes the word from Norse fjР±ndi, an enemy (English fiend, which he supposes the Irish troops called themselves after the Norsemen.
• feirm a farm, Irish feilm; from m.English ferme, English farm.
• fР№isd, fР№is a feast; better feusd, q.v.
• feith wait, Irish feithim, Early Irish fethim, inf. fethem (= Gaelic feitheamh), *vetГґ, root vet; Latin vetus, old, English veteran; Greek @Ge@'/tos, year; English wether ("yearling").
• fР№ith a sinew, a vein, Irish, Old Irish fР№ith, fibra, *veiti-s, root vei, vi, wind, bend; Latin vГ®nem, with, vГ®tis, a vine; Greek @Gi@'tР№a (long @G i), willow; English withe; Lithuanian vy/tis, willow-wand, Church Slavonic viti, res torta; Sanskrit vayati, weave, flecto. The Welsh shows a stem *vittГў, vein, Welsh gwythen, Breton gwazen, Cornish guid-; cf. Latin vitta, fillet. Hence fР№ith, a bog channel (Irish fР№th, a marsh, bog-stream), and feithleag, honeysuckle, Middle Irish feithlend, woodbine, Welsh gwyddfid (do.).
• feitheid a bird or beast of prey (M`A.), Irish feithide, Irish feithide, a beast:
• feochadan corn-thistle, thistle (Arms., H.S.D.), Irish feochadan (O'R.), feСѓthadР±n (O'Br.), and feСѓthР±n. Cf. fobhannan.
• feС‚cullan the pole-cat, Irish feochullan (Fol., O'R. has feocullan like Sh.). Cf. Scottish fethok, fithowe, pole-cat, Middle English ficheu, now fitchew.
• feobharan pith, puff (feo'ran) - Dial.; feodharan, root, *vet, vetu-?
• feobhas goodness; See feabhas.
• feС‚dar pewter, Irish pР№atar, Welsh ffeutar; from the English pewter.
• feodhaich decay, Irish feodhaim, Middle Irish feodaigim, wither: "senesco"; *vetu-, root vet, as in Latin vetus, Gaelic feith? Old Irish feugud, Welsh gwyw, Latin vietus; *vivagatu?
• feС‚il
• flesh, Irish feoil, Early Irish feСѓil, Old Irish feСЉil, *vepoli-s; Sanskrit vapГў, fat, vР±pus, body, form?
• feС‚irlig a farthing land, feС‚irling; from Anglo-Saxon feorГѕling, English farthing.
• feС‚irne chess, Irish feoirne (Sh., O'R., Fol.):
• feС‚rag a squirrel, Irish feorСѓg ( Sh., O'R., Fol.), Welsh gwiwer, Breton gwiber; Lithuanian vovere@?, Lettic wГўweris, Prussian weware; Latin viverra, ferret (Pliny).
• feС‚raich inquire, fiafraigh (Kintyre Dial.), Irish fiafruighim, Old Irish iarfaigim: *iar-fach, prep. iar and fach, Early Irish faig, dixit, *vakГґ, say; Latin vocГґ, call, vox, voice; Sanskrit vac, say. The r of Gaelic and modern Irish has shifted to behind the f, while a prothetic f is added.
• feС‚rlan a firlot; See feС‚irling.
• feothachan , feothan (Arran), a little breeze; root vet, as in onfhadh.
• feuch , fiach behold, see, try, Irish feuch, fР№ach, Early Irish fР№chaim, fР№gaim, *veikГґ; Greek ei@'kw/n, image (English iconoclastic), @Geo@'/ika, I seem, @Gei@'kazw, conjecture; Sanskrit vic@?, appear, arrive.
• feud may, can; See faod.
• feudail cattle; usual spelling of eudail, q.v.
• feudar , 's fheudar it is necessary, Middle Irish is eidir, it is possible, for is ed fhР№tir, it is what is possible. feudar is the pres. pass. of feud, may. In Gaelic the "may" has become "must". The negative, cha 'n fheudar, is common in Early Irish as ni fhР№tir, ni Р№tir, cannot be.
• feum use, need, Irish feidhm, pl. feidhmeanna, need, use, duty, need-service of a vassal, Early Irish feidm, effort, *vР№des-men-, "need-service"; root ved, as in feadhainn. Hence feumannach, a steward: "a servitor".
• feun a waggon, wain, Old Irish fР№n, Welsh cywain, vehere, *vegno-, root vegh, carry; Latin veho, vehiculum, vehicle; Greek @Go@'/hos, chariot; English waggon, wain; Sanskrit vahati, carry.
• feur, fiar grass, Irish feur, Old Irish fР№r, Welsh gwair, Cornish gwyr, *vegro-, Indo-European root ve@g, increase, be strong; Latin vegeo, quicken, vigor, vigour, English vegetation; Anglo-Saxon wacan, nasci, English waken. Strachan and Stokes refer it to the root ve@g, u@g, be wet, moist, Latin uvidus, moist, English humour, Greek @Gu@`grСѓs, wet, Norse vГ¶kr, moist; but judged by the Latin, the Celtic should be vebro-, which would not give Welsh gwair.
• feursa a canker, veursann, a worm in the hide of cattle:
• feusag , fiasag a beard, Irish fР№usСѓg, fР№asСѓg, Early Irish fР№sСѓc, beard, fР№s, hair, *vanso, Old Prussian, wanso, first beard, Church Slavonic vasu@u, beard.
• feusd , feusda (fР№isd, fР№is), a feast, Irish fР№is, feusda, Early Irish feiss; from Latin festia, English feast.
• feusgan , fiasgan a mussel:
• fhuair
• found, invent, Irish fuair, Old Irish fСЉar, inveni, frith, inventus est, *vovora, root ver; Greek @Geu@`@nron, I found, @Geu@`/rcka (Strachan, Prellwitz). The root ver is likely that found in Greek @Go@`rР±w, I see, Latin vereor, English ware.
• fiabhras a fever, Irish, Middle Irish fiabhrus; from Latin febris.
• fiacaill a tooth, Irish, Old Irish fiacail. There is an Early Irish fec for fР№c, a tooth, a stem *veikkГў:
• fiach value, worth; See fiach.
• fiach , fiachan debt, value, Irish fiach, Old Irish fРЅach, *veico-, Latin vices, change, German wechsel, exchange, Sanskrit vishtРЅ, changing, in turn (Osthoff). This is the right derivation.
• fiadh a deer, Irish fiadh, Early Irish fРЅad, Old Irish fРЅadach, venatio, Welsh gwydd, Breton guez, goez, savage, *veido-s, wild; Old High German weide, a hunt, German weide, pasturage, Norse veiГ°r, hunting; further is Gaelic fiodh, wood, English wood. Hence fiadhaich, wild.
• fiadhaich invite, welcome (Skye):
• fiadhair lay or fallow land; from the above root of fiadh. Cf. German weide, pasture. Also Gaelic fiadhain, wild, Irish fiadhР±in, wild, uncultivated.
• fial generous, Irish fial, Early Irish fРЅal, modest, Welsh gwyl. Bez. suggests *veiplo-, Teutonic vГ®ba-, German weib, English wife. Cf. Irish fialus, relationship. The underlying idea is "kindness, relationship".
• fiamh awe, reverence, Irish fiamh, fear, reverence, ugly, horrible, Early Irish fiam, horrible:
• fiamh aspect, appearance, trace, Irish fiamh, track, trace, chain, fРЅamh (O'Cl.) = lorg, Early Irish fiam, a chain, *veimo-, root vei, wind, as in fР№ith. fiamh ghР°ire, fРёath ghaire (Arg.), a slight smile, is in Irish fР±etheadh an ghР±ire, appearance of a smile, Early Irish fР№th, aspect.
• fianaidh peat cart; carn-fianaidh (Ross); See feun. Fiann the Fingalians; See FР№inn. This is the real nom. case.
• fiantag the black heath-berr; root vein as in Fiann.
• fianuis witness, a witness, Irish fiadhnuise, fiadhan, a witness, Old Irish fiadnisse, testimony, fiadu, acc. fiadain, testem, *veidГґn, Indo-European root veid, vid, know, see, as in fios, q.v.; Anglo-Saxon witta, a witness, English witness, root, wit, know.
• fiar crooked, Irish fiar, Early Irish fРЅar, Welsh gwyr, Greek goar, gwar, *veiro-; root vei, wind as in fР№ith; English wire, Anglo-Saxon wГ®r, wire.
• fiat , fiata wild; a participial formation from fiadh. Also fiadhta, so Irish
• fiatach quiet and sly (Skye):
• fiathail calm; See fРё.
• fich an interjetion denoting "nasty"! English fie, Norse fy/, German pfui. Also Dial. fuich, fuidh, which leans on Norse fСЉi, rottenness ("Cha bhi fuidh ach far am bi fР°ile").
• fichead twenty, Irish fiche, ar fhichid, Old Irish fiche, g. fichet, Welsh ugeint, ugain, Cornish ugens, ugans, Breton ugent, *vikn@.s, uikn@.tos; Latin vГ®ginti; Greek @Gei@'/kosi; Zend vîçaiti.
• fideadh a suggestion (H.S.D.): *vid-dho-, root vid, wit.
• fideag a small pipe, reed, flute, Irish fideСѓg; for root, See fead. Shaw also gives the meaning "small worm". M`L. has fРјdeag.
• fidean a green islet or spit uncovered at high tide, web of sea-clam (Isles); from the Norse fit, webbed foot of waterfowl, meadow land on the banks of firths or rivers, fitja, to web, English fit.
• fРјdhleir a fiddler; from fiodhull. Irish fidilР№ir is English fiddler directly borrowed. Hence Gaelic fidleireachd, restlessness; "fiddling" about.
• fidir know, consider, Irish fidir, knows, Old Irish fetar, scio, fitir, novit, *viddetor, *vid-dho- (the -dho- as in creid, Windisch); root vid, see, as in fios. Thurneysen explains it as *videsar (aorist stem vides-) becoming vid-shar, but d-sh does not produce t or d without an n before it.
• fige , figis a fig, Irish fРЅge; from Latin fГ®cus, English fig.
• figh weave, Irish fighim, Early Irish figim, Old Welsh gueig, testrix, Welsh gweu, to weave, Cornish guiat, tela, Breton twea, Middle Breton tweaff, *vegiГґ; Ger wickeln, roll, wind, curl, wieche, wick, English wick, Anglo-Saxon wecca (Stokes). Usually referred to the root vei, vi, wind.
• file , filidh a poet, Irish file, g. filidh, Old Irish fili, g. filed, *velet-, "seer"; Welsh gwelet, to see, Breton guelet, sight, *velГґ. Cf. Norse vГ¶lva, prophetess, sibyl. Old Germanic Veleda, a prophetess (Tacitus).
• fill
• fold, Irish fillim, fold, return, Old Irish fillim, flecto, *velvГґ; Latin volvo, roll, volumen, English volume; Greek @Gei@'lСЉw, envelop; Gothic af-valvjan, roll away, English wallow. Cf. Welsh olwyn, a wheel (Stokes). Windisch (Curt. Et.) suggests vald as root, allied to Norse velta, roll, Gothic valtjan, English welter, German walze, roll, waltz. See especially till.
• fillein a collop: a "roll"; from fill.
• fine a tribe, kindred, Irish, Old Irish fine, Old Breton coguenou, indigena, *venjГў, kinship; Norse vinr, a friend, Anglo-Saxon wine, Old High German wini (do.); Indo-European root ven, love, Latin Venus, veneror, English venerate, Sanskrit van, love.
• fРјnealta
• fine, elegant, Irish fРЅnealta; cf. Middle Irish fРЅn- in FРЅnscothach, fair-flowered, Fin-shnechta, bright-snow, root svР№n; Greek @Gc@'noy, bright (Stokes for Middle Irish).
• finiche jet (m`D., M`A.), finichd, black as jet ( M`E.):
• finid end; from Latin finit, the colophon of so may tales when written.
• finideach wise, so Irish ( Lh., Sh., H.S.D., which gives C.S. as authority):
• finne a maiden ( Arms., M`A., M`E.): "fairness, beauty"; from fionn (*vindiГў).
• finnean a buzzard. ++fioch wrath, Irish fРЅoch, Early Irish fРЅch, feud, Indo-European *veiqo-, fight; Gothic veihan, strive, Old High German wГ®gan, fight; Latin vinco. Hence fiochdha, angry.
• fiodh wood, so Irish, Old Irish fid, Welsh guid, gwydd, gwydden (sing.), Cornish guiden, Breton gwezenn, tree, gwez, trees, Gaulish vidu- *vidu-; English wood, Anglo-Saxon wudu, Old High German witu. Hence ++fiodhcheall chess play, Early Irish fidchell, Welsh gwyddbwyll, "wood-sense", from fiodh and ciall. Also fiodhag, wild fig, fiodhan, cheese-vat.
• fiodhradh an impetuous rush forward (Heb.):
• fodhull a fiddle, Early Irish fidil, from Low Latin vitula, whence French viola, English viol, violin. Cf. English fiddle, from Medieval Latin fidula, Latin fidis.
• fioghuir a figure, Irish fРЅoghair, Middle Irish figur; from Latin figura.
• fioagan a field-mouse (Arran.):
• fiolan , fiolar an earwig, nesscock, Welsh chwil, beetle, chwiler, maggot, Breton c'houil; Greek @GsРЅlfc, cockroach, English sylph. Cf. feallan.
• fiomhalach a giant (Sh.); from fiamh.
• fРјon wine, Irish fРЅon, Old Irish fРЅn, Welsh, Cornish, Breton gwin; from Latin vinum.
• fРјonag a mite, insect, a miser, Irish fineСѓg, a mite in cheese, etc.:
• fionn white, Irish fionn, Old Irish find, Welsh gwyn, Cornish guyn, Breton gwenn, Gaulish vindo-, *vindo-, a nasalised form of root vid, veid, see, as in fios. Cf. Servian vidny/, clear.
• fionn- to, against, Irish fionn-, ionn-, Old Irish ind-; See ionn-.
• fionna, fionnadh hair, pile, Irish fionnadh, Early Irish finda, findfad, Old Irish finnae, pilorum, *ves-niГў, root ves, clothe, Latin vestis, English vestment. Stokes has compared it to Latin villus, hair, which he takes from *vin-lus, but which is usually referred to the root vel of vellus, lana, etc. The -fad of Early Irish is for *vida, aspect, Welsh gwedd, root vid, see.
• fionnachd refreshment: "coolness", *ionn-fhuachd: cf. fionnar.
• fionnan-feС‚ir grasshopper, Irish finnРЅn feoir (O'R.):
• fionnairidh a watching: *ind-faire; See fionn-, to, and faire.
• fionnar cool, Irish fionnfhuar, Middle Irish indfhuar; from fionn-, and fuar. fionnas-gР°rraidh, parsley (M`L.):
• fionndairneach randk grass, downy beard (H.S.D.): ++fionndruinne (white) bronze, Early Irish findruine, white bronze: *find(b)ruine (Hend.), English bronze.
• fionnogha grandson's grandson, Irish fionnСЉa; from fionn-, ad-, and ogha.
• fionnsgeul a romance, Irish finnsgeul; from fionn- and sgeul: ande-sqetlon.
• fРјor true, Irish fРЅor, Old Irish fРЅr, Welsh gwir, Old Welsh guir, Breton gwir, *vГЄro-; Latin vГЄrus; German wahr. Root ver, vor, var, see, as in English beware, ward. Before the noun the word is fРјr. Hence fРјrean, righteous man, Old Irish fРЅrian, Welsh gwirion, *vГЄriГўno-s.
• fios knowledge, Irish fios, Old Irish fiss, *vid-tu-, root vid, veid, know; Latin video, see; Greek @Gei@'@ndon, @Gi@'dei@nn, saw, @Goi@'@nda, know, Gothic vitan, watch, English wit; Sanskrit vid, know, vetti, to know. Hence fiosrach, knowing.
• fir-chlis the northern lights; See fear and clis.
• fir-chneatain backgammon men:
• fire faire interjection - "what a pother"; from the Scottish fiery-fary, bustle.
• fireach hill ground, mountain: cf. fearann, root *ver.
• firead a ferret, Irish firР№ad; from the English
• fireun an eagle, Irish fРЅr-Р№n: "true-bird"; from fРјor and eun. So in Early Irish fРЅr-iasc is the salmon. So in Reay Country (Rob.).
• firionn male, so Irish; Early Irish firend; from fear.
• fise faise interjection - noise of things breaking, talking secretly.
• fitheach a raven, Irish, Old Irish fiach; this is a dissylable, *vivo-ko-; the phonetics being those of biadh. Stokes gives *veijako-s or *veivako-s. It is still distantly allied to German weihe.
• fithreach dulse, so Irish ( Lh., O'Br., etc.):
• fiС‰ worthy, Irish fiСЉ, Old Irish fiСЉ, Welsh gwiw, Cornish guiu, Old Breton uuiu, Gaulish vesu-, *vesu-, vГЄsu-, good; Sanskrit vР±su, good; root ves, be, English was. Some give *visu (*vГ®su-) as the stem, Greek @Gi@'/sos, like (= visvo-s), Sanskrit vishu, Г¦que. Hence fiС‰bhaidh, a prince, valiant chief, Irish fiСЉbhas, dignity; also fiС‰ghanta, generous, Irish fiughantach, fiСЉntach (Keat.), worthy.
• fiughair expectation, Early Irish fiugrad, praedicere; from Latin figura. Irish has fРЅoghair, figure, fashion, sign.
• fiС‰ran a sapling, Irish fiСЉrР±n ( Sh., O'R., Fol.):
• fiС‰thaidh (fiС‰bhaidh), an arrow; See iС‰thaidh).
• flaiche a sudden gust of wind ( Sh., O'R.):
• flaitheanas heaven, glory, flaitheas, sovereignty, Irish flaitheamhnus, Old Irish flaithemnas, gloria; from flaithem, lord, g. flaitheman; See flath. ++flann red, blood-red, so Irish, Early Irish fland, blood, red: vl-ando-, root vol of fuil, q.v.
• flasg a flask, Welsh fflasg; from the English
• flath a chief, prince, Irish flaith, Old Irish flaith, chief, dominion, flaithem(an), chief (*vlatimon-), Welsh gwlad, region, Middle Welsh gulatic, rex, Cornish gulat, patria, Breton gloat, realm, Gaulish vlatos, *vlato-s, *vlati-s, root vala, vla, be strong; Latin valere, English valid; Gothic valdan, German walten, rule, English weild, Walter; Church Slavonic vlada@?, rule, Russ. vladiete, rule, Old Prussian waldnika-, king. Also *valo-s as the final element of certain personal names - , *Dumno-valo-s (see domhan), , *Kuno-valo-s (*kuno-s, high, root ku, as in curaidh, q.v., Teutonic HГ»n-, Humbold, Humphrey, Hunwald, etc.), , *Katu-valo-s (see cath), etc.
• fleachdail
• flowing in ringlets (H.S.D., from MSS.); from Latin plecto, plait.
• fleadh a feast, Irish fleadh, Old Irish fled, Welsh gwledd, Old Welsh guled, pompae, *vl@.dГў, root vel, wish; Greek @Gei@'lapРЅnc, feast, @Ge@'\ldomai, wish, e@'lpРЅs, hope; Latin voluptas; English will, well.
• fleadhadh brandishing; English wield; See flath.
• fleasg a rod, wreath, Irish fleasg, garland, wand, sheaf, Old Irish flesc, rod, linea, *vleska, from *vledska, root vl@.d; German wald, wood, English wold; Greek @Ga@'/lsos, grove; Church Slavonic vladi, hair. From the Celtic comes the French flРёche, arrow, whence English Fletcher, arrow-maker. See fleisdear.
• fleasgach young man, bachelor, so Irish, Middle Irish flesgach: "wand-bearer". From fleasg, above. The Irish fleasgaigh ealadhna, itinerant medicine men, carried fleasgan to denote their profession.
• fleasgair a barge or boat hung with festoons; from fleasg.
• fleisdear arrow-maker; from Scottish fledgear, Middle English flecchere, now fletcher, from Old French flechier. See fleasg further.
• fleodradh
• floating (Heb.), fleodruinn, a buoy; from Norse fljСѓta, to float, English float.
• fleogan an untidy, flabby person, a flat fish (Arms.), fleoidhte, flaccid (Sh.):
• fliodh chickweed, a wen, Irish fliodh, fligh, chickweed, Welsh gwlydd, chickweed, soft stems of plants, *vl@.du-. Same root as in fleasg.
• fliuch wet, Irish, Old Irish, fliuch, Welsh gwlyb, Old Welsh gulip, Cornish glibor, humor, Breton gloeb, wet, *vl@.qu-s, wet; Latin liquidus (= fliquidus); Lithuanian wa'lks, wet, wa'lka, swampy place. See failc.
• flС‚ hallucination (H.S.D. for N.H.):
• flod a state of floating; from English float, Norse floti, a raft.
• flodach lukewarm; See plodadh.
• flС‰r , plС‰r
• flower, Irish plСЉr, Middle Irish plСЉr; from the Middle English flour, Old French flour, Latin florem, Gaelic flС‰r is from the Scotch.
• fo under, Irish, Old Irish fo, Welsh go-, Old Welsh guo-, Cornish go-, Cornish, Bret. gou-, Gaulish vo-: *vo, for *u(p)o; Indo-European upo; Greek @Gu@`pСѓ; Latin s-ub; Gothic uf; Sanskrit upa, hither.
• fС‚ brink (Carm.):
• fobhannan (fС‚thannan), a thistle, Irish fСѓbhthР±n, fСѓthannР±n, Early Irish omthann, *omo-tanno-, "raw or rough twig"? See amh and caorrunn. Dial. fonntan (Arran).
• focal word; See facal.
• fochaid scoffing, Irish fochmhuid, fochuidbheadh, Middle Irish fochmaid, Early Irish fochuitbiud, *fo-con-tib-, root teb, smile, Old Irish tibiu, laugh; Lithuanian stebiu@os, be astonished.
• fochair presence, am fochar, coram, Irish, Middle Irish fochair: *fo-char, car being cor, put.
• fochann young corn in the blade, Irish fochan, Middle Irish fochon; *vo-kuno? Root kun, ku, increase, Gaulish cuno-, high, etc. See curaidh.
• fСѓd a peat, turf, Irish fСѓd, Old Irish fСѓt: *vonto-?
• fodar
• fodder, Irish fodar; from the English fodder.
• fС‚gair expel, banish, Irish fСѓgair, command, proclaim, Old Irish fСѓcairim (do.), fСѓcre, monitio: *fo-od-gar-; root gar of goir. ++fogh quiet, careless (Stew.):
• foghail a hostile incursion, Irish foghail, Early Irish fogal; *fo-gal: root gal, valour, war. See gal.
• foghail, fС‚ghail noise, bustle, merriment; for first sense, See foghair, for second, See othail.
• foghainteach valorous, Irish fСѓghainteach, good, fit, serviceable, fСѓghaint, ability: "capable"; from foghainn, suffice. See fС‚ghnadh. Irish foghaintidhe, a servant.
• foghair a sound, tone, so Irish, Old Irish fogur, sonus: *fo-gar-; root gar of goir. Strachan makes the root part fog, and refers it to fuaim, q.v.
• foghar harvest, Irish fСѓghmhar, Middle Irish fogamur, autumn, Early Irish fogamur, fogomur, last month of autumn: *fo-gamur, the gamur being from the root of geamhradh, winter, q.v. The idea is "sub hiemem". Cf. Welsh cynauaf, harvest, Old Welsh kynnhaeaf, from cyn, before, and gauaf, winter.
• fС‚ghlum learning, Irish fСѓghluim, Old Irish foglaim, vb. fogliunn: *vo-glendГґ, *glendГґ, make clear; English glance, German glanz, splendour; Church Slavonic gle@?edati, show.
• fС‚ghnadh sufficiency, service, Irish foghnamh, Old Irish fognam, service; from fo and gnРјomh, deed.
• foichein a wrapper, infant's clout:
• foichlean a sprout, young corn (Arms.), faichean (Arg.), Irish foichnРЅn; See fochann.
• fСѓid a peat; See fСѓd.
• fС‚idheach a beggar; See faoighe.
• foidhearach naked (H.S.D., Dial.):
• foidhidinn patience, Irish foighid, Old Irish foditiu, toleratio (*vo-dam-tin-), vb. fodamim, patior, root dam; Latin domo, I tame, subdue; Greek @GdamР±w (do.); English tame; Sanskrit dГўmyati, tame.
• foighnich ask; See faighnich. Also, more Dialectic, foinich.
• foil macerate, broil; See fail. Hence foileag, a cake suddenly and imperfectly toasted.
• foil pig-stye; See fail.
• fС‚il slow, stately, fС‚ill, composure, Irish fС‚il, fСѓill, softly! a while, Middle Irish co fСѓill, slowly, for a while, Early Irish co foill, slowly:
• foileadh slow development:
• foill treachery, Old Irish foile, astutia. Gaelic is for *volni-, Irish for *foliГў, both side-forms to feall, treachery, q.v.
• foillsich reveal, Old Irish foillsigim *svolnestikiГґ; See follas.
• foinich ask; See faighnich.
• foinne a wart, Irish faine, faithne, Welsh, Cornish gwenan, blister, Breton gwennhaenn, a wart; English wen, Anglo-Saxon wenn (Ern.).
• foinneamh , foinidh handsome, genteel; cf. foinnich, also Latin vinnulus, delightful, root ven, as in Gaelic fine, etc.
• foinnich temper, Irish foinnim, temper, knead, foinnighte, tempered, kneaded. Cf foinneamh.
• foir- prefix meaning "super", same as for-: See far, air(b).
• fС‚ir help, Irish fСѓir (vb. and n.), Early Irish foriuth, I. help, Old Irish don-fСѓir, to help us: *vo-ret-; root ret of ruith, run. For force, cf. furtachd. The Welsh gwared, release, Breton goret, are of like elecents. Similarly foirbheart (an Irish word really), assistance, is from foir- and beir.
• foirbhillidh acceptable (M`D); from for and bail, good?
• foirceadal, foircheadal instruction, catechism, Irish foircheadal, Old Irish forcital, doctrina, vb. forchun, doceo: *for-can-; root can, say, sing. See can.
• foireann, foirionn a band, crew, Irish fuirionn, Early Irish fairenn, Old Irish foirinn, Old Welsh querin, Welsh gwerin, people, Middle Breton gueryn, *vorГЄnГў, *vorinni-, multitude, root ver, enclose; Anglo-Saxon vorn, multitude, caterva; Lithuanian worР°, long row in Indian file; Sanskrit vra@-/, troop, company. See fearann.
• foirfe perfect, Irish foirfe, complete, old, Old Irish foirbthe, pefectus, forbe, perfectio, vb. forbanar, perficitur, forfenar, consummatus: *for-ben-; root ven, va, go (Latin venio, Greek @GbaРЅnw, @Ge@'/bcn, practically a verb "to be" (Stokes Neo-Celtic Verb. Subst.).
• fС‚irin assistance, Early Irish inf.dat. foirithin; See fС‚ir.
• foirinn border land (Cam.)
• foirm noise; side form of toirm?
• fС‚irmeil brisk, lively ( Sh., etc.): from English formal ( Rob.).
• foirmeilich
• formalists.
• fС‚irne a band, dwellers, Irish foirne (O'Br.); an oblique form of foireann, g. foirne.
• fС‚irneadh intruding; See teirinn, teР°rnadh.
• fС‚irneis a furnace; See fС‰irneis.
• foirneata conspicuously brave; See niata.
• fois rest, Irish fois, Old Irish foss, residence, remaining, rest, Welsh ar-os; *voss-; root ves, be, rest; Greek @Ga@'/stu, city (*vastus); Sanskrit vР±stu, place; Latin Vesta; English was, German wessen, be, Gothic visa, remain. So all etymologists till Windisch (1892) suggested the root stГў, tat is *vo-sto-. Stokes still holds by old (1903). Hence foisdin, taciturnity, Irish foisdine.
• foisteadh wages, hire, Irish foistighim, I hire; Middle Irish foss, servant, Welsh gwas (English vassal); from the same root as fois. Also fasdadh.
• folach covering, hiding; See falach.
• fС‚lach rank grass growing on dunghills; *vog-lo-, root, vog, veg of feur.
• folachd a feud, bloodiness; See fuil.
• folachdain water-parsnip ( H.S.D. quotes only O'Br.), Irish folachtain:
• follas publicity, follaiseach, public, Irish follus, public, manifest, Old Irish follus, clear, shining, manifest, *svolnestu-s; See solus.
• fonn land, Irish fonn, Early Irish fond; from Latin fundus, which, again, is connected with Gaelic bonn, q.v.
• fonn a tune, Irish fonn, tune, desire, delight, Middle Irish adbonn, a strain; *svonno-, root sven, sound, Latin sonus, English sound. See seinn.
• fonnsair a trooper (M`A.):
• for- super-, Irish, Old Irish for-; prep. for, for which See far, air(b).
• forach forch projection into the sea (Carm.):
• forail command, Irish forР±ilim. See earail for formation and root.
• forair watch, Irish foraire; from for and aire.
• forasda sedate, so Irish; See farasda, in the sese of "staid".
• forbhas ambush ( Sh., H.S.D., which quotes Lh. and C.S.), Irish forbhas, Early Irish forbas, siege:
• forc a fork, Irish forc, Early Irish forc (= gobul); for Latin furca, English fork.
• forfhais, foras information, inquiry, Irish foras, Early Irish foras, forus, true knowledge: *for-fiss, from fiss or fios, knowledge, q.v. foras feasa, "basis of knowledge".
• forgan keenness, anger; from a side-form forg (*vorg) of fearg?
• fС‚rlach a furlogh; from the English
• forluinn spite, hatred (H.S.D.), Irish, Middle Irish forlonn; from for and lonn, fierce.
• forman a mould, Irish formР±n; from Latin forma.
• forradh gain ( H.S.D.), excrescence, shift ( M`E.); from for and rath? See rath.
• forsair a forester; from the English.
• fortail strong, hardy, (an Irish word clearly), Irish foirteamhail, fortail, brave, stout, Early Irish fortail, predominant, strong; from Latin fortis.
• fortan
• fortune, Irish fortСЉn; from Latin fortuna.
• fortas litter, refuse of cattle's food, orts; from the English orts. Lh. has an Irish fortas, straw.
• fС‚s yet, still, Irish fСѓs, Middle Irish fСѓs, beos, Old Irish beus, beius. Stokes makes it a comparative in s from beo-, allied to Latin beГґ, gladden, be-ne, well.
• fosg , fosgag the lark (Carm.):
• fosgail open, so Irish, Early Irish oslaicim: *f-od-as-leic; Gaelic root leic or leig, let. See leig and cf. tuasgail.
• fosgarach open, frank:
• fosglan porch (Carm.):
• fosradh pounded bark (or anything) to stop leaks; cf. Irish fosradh, scattering, from *vo-ster-, root ster, strew.
• fosradh hand feeding of cattle (Heb.):
• fothach the glanders in horses, Irish fothach, fСѓthach:
• fС‚tus a flaw, refuse (M`A. says "rotten pus", and gives fС‚t, rotten earth): from Scottish faut, as in fabhd.
• frabhas refuse, small potatoes (Arg.):
• frachd
• freight; from Scottish fraught, English freight.
• fradharc vision, sight, Irish rР±dharc, Early Irish rodarc: *ro-darc; root derk, see, as in dearc, q.v.
• fraigein a brisk, warlike fellow; See frogan.
• fraigh wattled partition, Early Irish fraig: *vragi-, root verg; Sanskrit vraja, hurdle; Greek @Gei@'rgw, shut in.
• fraileach sea-weed ( Sh., O'R.):
• frangalus tansy; lus na Fraing (Cameron), the French herb; from Fraing, France. Irish lus na bhfhrancach, Middle Irish frangcan, tansy (St.).
• fraoch heather, Irish fraoch, Old Irish froech, Welsh grug, Cornish grig, Middle Breton groegon, *vroiko-; Greek @Ge@'reРЅkc. Hence Gaelic fraoch, wrath, Irish fraoch, Early Irish fraech, furor.
• fraochan toe-bit of shoe; "heather-protector", from fraoch?
• fraoidhnidh
• flourishing:
• fraoidhneis , froinis a fringe; from the English
• fraoileadh a flustering by liquor; Dial. sraoileadh:
• fraon a place of shelter in the mountains ( Sh., O'R.), fraoinibh (D.BР°n):
• fras a shower, Irish fras, Early Irish frass, *vrastГў; Greek @Ge@'/rsc, dew; Sanskrit farsham, rain.
• freagair answer, Irish freagairim, Early Irish frecraim: *frith-gar-, root gar of goir.
• freasdal serving, attending, Irish freasdail, Old Irish frestal, fresdel: *fris-do-el-; for root See fritheil. Dr Cameron referred it to fris and tal, which See in tuarastal.
• freiceadan a guard, watch: *frith-coimhead-an; from coimhead, guard, look, q.v.
• freiteach a vow, interdictory resolution, Early Irish fretech, fristoing, repudiation, renunciation, Old Irish fristossam, renuntiaverimus; root tong, tog, swear, Latin tongeo, think, English think. Stokes gives the final root as tag, take, Latin tangere. Irish tong, swear, is allied to Welsh tyngu.
• freС‚ine
• fury, rage:
• freothainn bent-grass (Arg.):
• freumh , friamh a root, Irish frР№amh, Early Irish frР№m, Welsh gwraidd, gwreiddyn, Cornish grueiten, Breton grisienn, *vr@.d-mГў, *vr@.djo-, *vr@.dnu-: Latin radix, root; Greek @Gr@`РЅza; Gothic vaurts, English wort, root.
• frРјde a tetter, ring-worm, Middle Irish frigde, flesh-worm, Early Irish frigit, Welsh gwraint, Middle Breton gruech, *vr@.gn@.tiГў, root verg; English wriggle.
• frРјdeam support, attention:
• frighig
• fry; from the English frying.
• friochd a second dram, a nip:
• friochdan a frying pan, Irish friochtР±n; cf. Irish friochtalaim, I fry. From fry of the English
• frioghan , friodhan a bristle, pig's bristle; Middle Irish frighan i. guairech muc; root vr@.g as in fraigh? Cf. Welsh gwrych, hedge, bristles, *vr@.g-ko-. Hence frioghail, sharp, keen.
• frionas
• fretfulness: *friogh'n-as, "bristlines"; from frioghan.
• friotach
• fretful (Stew.); See frith, wour look. ++frith an incantation to discover if far-away persons live (Heb.), fate ( Sh., O'R.); from the Nrose frР№tt, enquiry of the gods about the future, Scottish fret, freit.
• frith , frioth small, trifling ( Sh., O'R.), which M`A. says antecedes the noun, is the prep. frith or ri.
• frith a sour or angry look (A.M`D.), frithearachd, peevishness, Irish frithir, peevish: *vr@.ti-; root of ri "against"?
• frРјth a forest, deer forest, Irish frith, wild, mountainous place, Welsh ffridd, forest; from Middle English friГ°, deer park, Anglo-Saxon friГ°.
• frith- , fre-
• freas-, prefix = prep. ri by force and derivation; which see.
• fritheil attend, Irish friotholaim (Con. friothСѓlaim, Early Irish frithailim, root -al- (Ascoli), go; root al, el, eln of tadhal, q.v.
• frithir earnest, eager (Stew.), Irish frithir, earnest, peevish; cf. frith, sour look.
• frС‚g a hole, fen, den, rС‚g (Suth.).
• frogan liveliness, a slight degree of drunkenness:
• froighnighe a dampness oozing through the wall; from fraigh and snighe.
• froineadh a sudden tugging, rushing at (M`D.):
• froРјnis a fringe; See fraoidhneis.
• frС‚mhaidh hoarse, rough:
• fruan acclivity (Carm.):
• fuachd cold, so Irish, Old Irish uacht, Сѓcht, *aukto-; Lettic auksts, cold (adj.), Lit Р±uszti, cold, be cold.
• fuadaich drive away, Irish fuadaighim, drive away, snatch away, Early Irish fСЉataigm: *fo-od-tech(?); See teich. Hence fuadan, wandering.
• fuadarach hasty, in a hurry ( Stew., Arms. and H.S.D.), Irish fuadar, haste; from fuad- of fuadaich? Cf. Scottish foutre.
• fuagarthach exiled; See fС‚gair.
• fuaidne loose pins of warping stakes. Cf. Old Irish fuat.
• fuaigh stitch, fuaigheal, sewing, so Irish, Early Irish fСЉagaim, СЉagaim, Old Irish СЉaimm (n.): +out-s-men-; root poug, pug, stitch, stick; Latin pungo, English punch. Zimmer (in 1882), referred it to the root of С‚igh, the idea being "integrate", from Сѓg, uag, "integer". Old Irish Сѓigthidi, sartores.
• fuaim noise, so Irish, Early Irish fСЉaimm (pl. fuamand). Neither *vog-s-men (Strachan; root vog of Sanskrit vagnСЉ, sound, Gothic vГґpjan, cry, English whoop) nor *voc-s-men (Stokes; root voq, voice, Latin voco) can give ua, only o@u or a@u.
• fuaithne loom posts (Uist), Irish uaithne, pillar, post, Early Irish СЉatne, a post (bed post). So Henderson; fС‰idne (Wh.):
• fual urine, so Irish, Old Irish fСЉal: *voglo- or *voblo-; root vo@g, ve@g, u@g, be wet; Greek @Gu@`grСѓs, wet, English hygrometer; Latin humidus, uveo, (for ugveo), be moist, English humour; Norse vГ¶kva, moisture.
• fuar cold, Irish fuar, Early Irish uar, Welsh oer, Cornish oir; *ogro-, root ug, aug, of fuachd, q.v. Stokes refers it to the root ve@g, u@g, discussed under fual, especially Greek @Gu@`grСѓs, wet; a root which would rather be vob in Celtic (cf. Latin), and this would not give Welsh oer. Strachan suggests either Church Slavonic ogni@u, fire (Latin ignis), or Greek @GpР±gos, frost (root pГўg, fix, fit). Hence fuaradh, windward side, fuaran, a well, fuarraidh, damp, fuarralanach (Irish fuarР±lach, chill), cold feeling, etc.; fuar bhalla, an outside wall; fuar-shlat, the rough strong hoop used to bend in staves at the end of casks (Wh.).
• fuasgail loose, untie, so Irish, Early Irish fuaslaicim; See tuasgail.
• fuath hatred, so Irish, Middle Irish fСЉath; cf. Early Irish uath, awe, terror, terrible, and See ++uath for root.
• fuath a spectre, so Irish, Old Irish fСЉath, figura, forma:
• fС‰cadh
• fulling cloth, Middle Gaelic owkki@+t (Dean of Lismore), Irish СЉcaire, fuller; cf. pС‰c.
• fudag a shoe-strap (H.S.D. says Dial.):
• fudaidh mean, vile; from Scottish footy, fouty.
• fС‰dar powder, Irish pСЉdar; from the English
• fС‰draic smart, in good condition:
• fuidh! an interjection. See fich.
• fuidheall remainder, Irish fuigheall, Old Irish fuidell, Welsh gweddill; also Gaelic fuidhleach, remains, Early Irish fuidlech: *vodilo-, dГ®l, allied to English deal, dole, German teil ( St. with query).
• fuidir a fool (Carm.):
• fС‰idreadh commixing, pulverising; from fС‰dar. Dial. fС‰dradh, turning hay in the sunshine to dry it.
• fС‰idsidh craven; from Scottish fugie, one who flies from the fight.
• fuigheag a thrum, Irish fughСѓg; from a short vowel form of root of fuaigh.
• fuil blood, Irish, Old Irish fuil, gen. fola, folo: *voli-, root vol, vel, well; English well. Stokes agrees.
• fuilear , cha 'n fhuilear dhomh I need, must; for furail, Old Irish forР±il, excessive injunction, infliction, same root as earail.
• fuilig , fuiling
• fulaing, suffer (thou), Irish fulangaim, Early Irish fulangim, Old Irish fuloing, sustinet, inf. fulang: "under-go"; from fo and *long, going, root leng, spring, go, as in leum, q.v. Further allied is German verlangen, desire, English long, Latin longus.
• fuin bake, Irish fuinim, I knead, bake, boil, Early Irish fuinim, bake, cook. Zimmer takes the word to mean "to fire, bake", from the Norse funi, flame, fire, Early Irish oc-fune = Norse viГ° funa, a-roasting; but unlikely. Possibly *voni-, "dress", root ven, von, Latin Venus, English venerate.
• fuirbidh a strong man, also fuirbearnach; compounds of bРј and beir, with for, super.
• fuirearadh a parching of corn; See eararadh.
• fuirich stay, Irish fuirighim, Early Irish fuirigim, noun fuirech, Old Irish fuirset (s future): *vo-reg; root reg, stretch, go; Latin porrigo, rego. See rach.
• fuirm stools, a form, Irish fuirm, Welsh ffurf; from English form.
• fС‰irneis , fС‚irneis a furnace, Irish furnР№is; from the English
• fuithein , fuifein a galling, taking off the skin by riding (M`D.): fo-bian?
• fulaing (vb.), fulang (n.); See fuilig.
• fulaisg rock; from fo+ luaisg, q.v.
• fulbh gloom (Arg.); See suilbh.
• fulmair a species of petrel, fulmar; from Scottish, English fulmar.
• fulpanachd articulation, jointing ( Sh., O'R., H.S.D.); cf. alp.
• funntainn benumbment by cold; See punntainn. Scottish fundy.
• furadh parching corn (Carm.), also furaradh. See fuirearadh.
• furail incitement, command, Irish furР±il, Early Irish urР±il, furР±il, Old Irish irР±il; the same as earail, q.v.
• furan a welcome, Irish furР±n, foran (Connaught); root ver, as in Early Irish feraim fР±ilti, I welcome. The root means in Early Irish "give rain" (see fearthuinn). The root of fhuair seems mixed with that of fearthuinn. See fearthuinn.
• furas patience: *f-air-asta, asta (standing, staying) being for ad-sta-, ad and sta, stand.
• furasda (furas), easy, easier, Irish furas, furasda, Early Irish urusa: *air-usa, from usa, easier, q.v.
• furbaidh wrath ( Sh., O'R.), furban ( H.S.D., from MSS); See fuirbidh.
• furbhailt , furailt courtesy, kindly reception; also furmailt. For the latter Armstrong gives "ceremony" as force, which may be from English formality. The words, otherwise, seem from for-fР°ilte.
• furm a stool; See fuirm.
• fС‰rlaich hate, detest (Arms.), revolt against (Rob.):
• furtachd relief, help, so Irish, Old Irish fortacht (gen. in -an): *for-tiacht; for Gaelic root tiagh, tigh, See tighinn.
• fusgan a heather brush; cf. Scottish whisker, a bunch of feathers for sweeping, English whisk.
• futhar the dog-days; from Scottish fure-days.

© «lexicons.ru», 2012. Автор и владелец - Игорь Константинович Гаршин (см. резюме).
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