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An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language (S)

Домой:	Рус	Анг	Ита	Исп	Эсп

Здесь приведен этимологический словарь (на фонему S) гэльского (исконного шотландского) языка - пока на английском языке (см. английский словарный фонд).

S

• -sa, -se, -san emphatic pronominal particle attached to personal pronouns and to nouns preceded by the possessive pronouns: mi-se, I myself, thu-sa, sibh-se, i-se (she), e-san, iad-san; mo cheann-sa, a cheann-san, his head. So also modern Irish, save that esan is Р№sean: Old Irish -sa, -se (1st pers.), su, -so, pl. -si (2nd pers.), -som, -sem (3rd pers. m. and n., sing., and pl.), -si (3rd pers. f.). All are cases of the pronominal root so-, -se; Greek @Go@`, the (= @G so); Anglo-Saxon se, the (m.), English she. See so, sin.
• sabaid a brawl, fight; See tabaid: SР°baid Sabbath, Irish SabСѓid, Middle Irish sapoit; from Latin sabbatum, whence English sabbath; from Hebrew shabbР±th.
• sabh
• sorrel, Irish samh; better samh, q.v.
• sabh ointment, salve; from Scottish saw, English salve.
• sР°bh a saw, Irish sР±bh; from the English
• sР°bhail
• save, Manx sauail, Irish sabhailim (sР±bhР±laim, O'Br.); from Latin salvare, to save. Kuno Meyer says from English save.
• sabhal a barn, so Irish, Middle Irish saball, Irish Latin zabulum; through Brittonic from Latin stabulum, a stall, English stable. Cf. Middle Irish stР№ferus = zephyr.
• sabhd a lie, fable (H.S.D., Dial.), straying, lounging; cf. saobh.
• sabhs
• sauce, Irish sabhsa; from the English
• sabhsair a sausage; founded on the English word.
• sac a sack, Irish sac, Early Irish sacc, Welsh sach; from Anglo-Saxon sacc, English sack, Gothic sakkus, Latin saccus.
• sac a load, burden, Irish sacadh, pressing into a sack or bag, Low Latin saccare (do.); from French sac, pillage, the same as English sack, plunder, all borrowed from saccus, a sack or bag.
• sachasan
• sand-eel:
• sad dust shaken from anything by beating, a smart blow, sadadh, dusting, beating.
• sad aught (M`D.: Cha 'n' eil sad agam, I have naught):
• sagart a priest, Irish sagart, Old Irish sacart, sacardd; from Latin sacerdos, whence English sacerdotal.
• saidealta , soidealta
• shy, bashful, Irish soidialta, rude, ignorant; from sodal, q.v.
• saidh an upright beam, prow of a ship, a handle or the part of a blade in the handle:
• saidh bitch; See saigh:
• saidh , saidhean the saith fish (Arg.); from Norse seiГ°r, the gadus virens, now sei.
• saidhe hay; formed from the English hay by the influence of the article (an t-hay becoming a supposed de-eclipsed say).
• saidse
• sound of a falling body, a crash, noise (Badenoch Dial. doidse, a dint):
• saigean a corpulent little man:
• saigh a bitch, Irish saith ( Con., Lane, etc.), sagh, saighРЅn (O'Br.), Middle Irish sogh, sodh, Early Irish sod, bitch, she-wolf:
• saighdear
• soldier, archer, Irish sР±ighdiur (do.), Middle Irish saigdeoir, sagittarius, Welsh sawdwr, soldier; from Middle English soudiour, sougeour, Scottish sodger, now soldier, confused in Gadelic with an early borrow from Latin sagittarius, archer.
• saighead an arrow, so Irish, Old Irish saiget, Welsh saeth, Cornish seth, Breton saez; from Latin sagitta. For root See ionnsuidh.
• sail a beam, Irish sail: *spali-, allied to German spalten, split, English spill, split.
• sР°il a heel, Irish, Old Irish sР±l, Welsh sawdl, Breton seuzl: *sГўtlГў. Ascoli has lately revived the old derivatino from *stГў-tlГґ-, root sta, stand; but st initial does not in native words become s in Gadelic.
• saill fat or fatness, Irish saill, fat, bacon, pickle: *saldi-; English salt, etc.; Lithuanian saldС‰s, sweet. See salann further.
• saill
• salt thou, Irish, Old Irish saillim, condio, *saldio, salt: *salni-; See salann.
• sailm a decoction, oak-bark decoction to staunch blood, a consumption pectoral; founded on Middle English salfe, now salve?
• sР°imhe luxury, sensuality, Irish sР±imhe, peace, luxury, Early Irish sР±im, pleasant: *svadmi-; English sweet, Greek @Ge@`dСЉs, etc. But cf. sР°mhach.
• saimir the trefoil clover (A.M`D.), Irish seamar; See seamrag.
• sainnseal a handsel, New Year's gift; from Scottish handsel, Middle English hansell, i.e. hand-sellan, deliver.
• saith the back bone, joint of the neck or backbone, Irish saith, joint of neck or backbone ( Lh., O'Br., etc.):
• sР°l also sР°il, sР°ile, sea, Irish sР±ile, Early Irish sР±l, sР±ile: *svГўlos, root sval, svel; Latin salum, sea; English swell (Stokes, who also refers Breton c'hoalen, salt). ShrГ¤der equates Gadelic with Greek @Ga@`/ls, salt, the sea, and Latin salum, root sal.
• salach dirty, Irish, so Old Irish salach, Welsh halawg, halog, Cornish halou, stercora, Old Breton haloc, lugubri: *salГўko-s (adj.), root sal, to dirty; English sallom, Old High German salo, dusky, dirty. sal, filth, is used.
• salann
• salt, Irish, Old Irish salann, Welsh halen, Cornish haloin, Breton halenn (*salГЄn): *salanno-s, salt; Latin sal; Greek @Ga@`ls, salt, sea; English salt, German salz; Church Slavonic soli@u.
• salldair a chalder; from Scottish chalder, English chalder, chaldron, from Old French chaldron, a caldron.
• salm a psalm, Irish, Old Irish salm, Welsh and Breton salm; from Latin psalmus, English psalm.
• saltair trample, Irish saltairim; from Latin saltare, dance.
• samh the smell of the air in a close room, ill odour:
• samh
• sorrel, Irish samh:
• samh a god, giant (Carm.):
• samh a clownish person; cf. Scottish sow, one who makes a dirty appearance, "a pig".
• samhach wooden haft, handle, Irish samhthach, Old Irish samthach; cf. Old Irish samaigim, pono (which Ascoli refers to *stam, root sta, stand). Cf. sam, together, of samhuinn.
• sР°mhach quiet, Irish sР±mhach (Coneys has samhach), still, pleasant, from sР±mh, ( samh), pleasant, still, Early Irish sР±m, sР±me, rest, quiet, sР±im, mild, quiet: *sГўmo-. Possibly allied to English soft, Old High German samfto, softly, Gothic samjan, please; and the root sam of samhradh. Stokes suggests connectino with Zend hГўma, like, Church Slavonic samu@u, ipse, Norse, sГ¶mr, samr, English same; or Greek @Gc@`meros, tame. Cf. sР°imhe.
• samhail , samhuil likeness, like, Irish samhail, like, samhuil, likeness, simile, Welsh hafal, similis, Old Welsh amal, Cornish haval, avel, Breton haual: *samali-; Greek @Go@`omalСѓs, like; Latin similis; English same.
• samhan
• savin-bush, Irish samhР±n; from English savin, Middle English saveine, Anglo-Saxon savine, Latin sabina.
• samhnan , samhnachan a large river trout (H.S.D., Dial.):
• samhradh
• summer, Irish samhradh, sР±mhradh, Early Irish samrad, sam, Welsh, Cornish haf, Middle Breton haff, Breton hanv: *samo-; Sanskrit sР±mГў, year, Zend hama, summer, Armenian am, year; further English summer, Greek @Gc@`mР№ra, day. The termination rad = rado-n (n.).
• samhuinn Hallow-tide, Irish samhain, Early Irish samuin, samain, samfhuin: usually regarded as for *sam-fuin, "summer-end", from sam, summer, and fuin, end, sunset, fuinim, I end, *vo-nesГґ, root nes, as in cС‚mhnuidh, q.v. (Stokes). For fuin, Kluge suggests *wen, suffer (Gothic winnan, suffer); Zimmer favours Sanskrit van, hurt (English wound); and Ascoli analyses it into fo-in-. Dr Stokes, however, takes samain from the root som, same (English same, Greek @Go@`mСѓs, like, Latin simul, whence English assemble; See samhuil), and makes *samani- mean "assembly" - the gathering at Tara on 1st November, while CР№t-shamain, our CР№itein, was the "first feast", held on 1st May.
• samplair a copy, pattern, Irish samplair, sampla; from English sampler, sample. -san as in esan, ipse, iadsan; See -sa.
• sanas whisper, secret, Manx sannish, whisper, Irish, Early Irish sanas; *sanastu-, root sven; Latin sonare, English sound; Sanskrit svР±nati, to sound.
• sannt desire, inclination, Irish, Old Irish sant, Welsh chwant, Cornish whans, Breton c'hoant: *svand@?tГў, desire, root svand, svad, desire, please: Greek @Ga@`ndР±nw, please, @Gc@`dСЉs, sweet; Sanskrit svad, relish; further English sweet, etc.
• saobh erroneous, apt to err, dissimulation, Irish saobh (adj.), Old Irish sР±ib, soib, later saeb, falsus, pseudo-: *svoibo-s, turning aside, wavering, Welsh chwifio, turn, whirl; English sweep, swoop.
• saobhaidh den of a wild beast, fox's den:
• saod journey, intention, condition, good humour (Arg.), Irish saod, seud, journey, Old Irish sР№t, way, journey, Welsh hynt, Breton hent, Old Breton hint: *sento-s; Gothic sinГѕs, journey, way, Old High German sind, English send. Hence saodaich, drive cattle to pasture: Cf. saod, drive animals slowly (Shet.), Norse saeta, waylay, sР±t, ambush.
• saoghal the world, an age, life, Irish saoghal, Old Irish saigul, saegul; from Latin saeculum, race, age, from *sai-tlom, allied to Welsh hoedl, life.
• saoi, saoidh a good, generous man, a warrior, a scholar, Irish saoi, a worthy man, a scholar, pl. saoithe, Early Irish sР±i, sui, a sage, g. suad: *su-vid-s, root vid of fios (Thurneysen). Stokes (Mart.Gorm.) prefers su-vet-, root vГўt, say (see fР°ith). Rhys agrees.
• saoibh foolish, perverse, Irish saobh (do.); See saobh.
• saoibhir rich, Irish saidhbhir, Early Irish saidber, opposed to daidber: *su-adber, from *ad-beri- (Latin adfero), root bher of beir, bring, q.v.
• saoibhneas peevishness, dulness; from saoibh, saobh. Irish has saobhnСѓs, bad manners; but Gaelic seems a pure derivative of saobh.
• saoidhean young saith (Lewis); cf. Norse seiГ°r.
• saoil a mark, seal; See seul.
• saoil think, deem, Irish saoilim, Early Irish sР±ilim; cf. Gothic saiwala, English soul, which Kluge suggests may be allied to Latin saeculum, root sai.
• saoitear oversman, tutor (Suth.); See taoitear.
• saor free, Irish saor. Early Irish sР±er, Old Irish sСѓir, sСѓer: *su-viro-s, "good man", free; from su (= so-) and viro-s, fear, q.v.
• saor a carpenter, Irish saor, Welsh saer, Cornish sair: *sairo-s, from *sapiro-s, root sap, skill, Latin sapio, sapientia, wisdom, Anglo-Saxon sefa, understanding, sense (Stokes, who thinks the Brittonic may be borrowed).
• saothair labour, toil, Irish sothar, Early Irish sР±thar, Old Irish sР±ithar, g. sР±ithir: *sai-tro-n; also Early Irish sР±eth, sСѓeth: *sai-tu-; root sai, trouble, pain; Gothic sair, Anglo-Saxon sР±r, English sore, German sehr, *sai-ra-; Latin saevus, wild; Lithuanian sРЅws, sharp, rough.
• sapair, sapheir
• sapphire, Irish saphРЅr; from Latin sapphirus, whence English also.
• sР°r oppression, sР°raich, oppress, Irish sР±ruighim, Old Irish sР±raigim, violo, contemno sР±r,, outrage, contempt Welsh sarhГ¤ed contumelia: *sГўro-n, *spГўro-n, root sper, kick, spurn; Latin sperno; English spurn; Lithuanian spРјrti, kick; Sanskrit sphur, jerk (Stokes). The Welsh has the a pretonic short; is it borrowed from Irish (Stokes)?
• sР°r excellent, Irish, Early Irish, Old Irish sР±r-, Welsh hoer, positive, stubborn, assertion, Ogmic Netta-sagru, Sgerettos, Sagrammi: *sagro-s, strong, root seg; Greek @Go@'hurСѓs, strong, fast, @Ge@'/hw, have; German sieg, victory; Sanskrit sР±has, might.
• sР°rdail a sprat; from the English sardel (Bailey), now sardine.
• sР°s
• straits, restraint, hold, Early Irish sР±s, a trap, fixing; from sР°th, transfix, q.v.
• sР°saich
• satisfy, Irish sР±saighim, Old Irish sР±saim; from sР°th, q.v.
• sР°th plenty, satiety, Irish sР±th, sР±ith, Early Irish sР±ith: *sГўti-; Gothic sСѓГѕ, satiety, German satt (adj.); Lithuanian sСѓtis; Latin sat, enough, satur, full, whence English satisfy, etc.
• sР°th thrust, transfix, Irish sР±thadh, a thrust, push, Middle Irish sР±thud, driving, thrusting, Early Irish sР±dim (L.U.), Old Irish im-sadaim, jacio, Welsh hodi, shoot; possibly from sГґ, sГЄ, hurl, as in sРјol:
• sath, saith bad (Dial. maith na saith, math na sath), Middle Irish sath (Lecan Glossary), saith, Old Irish saich (cid saich no maith): *saki-s, root svak, svag, weak, German schwach. Sathairn, Di-sathairn Saturday; See under di-.
• sРё, sРёa, sia
• six, Irish sР№, Old Irish sР№, Welsh chwech, Cornish wheh, Breton c'houec'h: sveks; Latin sex; Greek @Ge@`/x; Gothic saРЅhs, English six; Sanskrit shash.
• seabh
• stray (M`A.): See seabhaid.
• seabhach trim, neat (H.S.D., Dial.):
• seabhag a hawk, Irish seabhac, Early Irish sebac, Old Irish sebocc, Welsh hebog, Early Welsh hebauc; from Anglo-Saxon heafoc, now hawk, German habicht, Norse haukr, root haf, Indo-European qap, Latin capus, hawk, allied to capio.
• seabhaid an error, wandering, Irish seabhСѓid, error, folly, wandering: *sibo-, a short form of the root of saobh?
• seac wither, Irish seacaim, Early Irish seccaim, secc, siccus, Welsh sychu to dry, sych, dry, Cron. seygh, Breton sec'h, dry; from Latin siccus. See further under seasg.
• seach by, past, Irish seach, Old Irish sech, ultra, praeter, Welsh heb, without, Cornish heb, Breton hep, without: *seqos; Latin secus, otherwise, by, sequor, I follow (English prosecute, etc.); Greek @Ge@`pomai, I follow, Skr has sР±cГў, with, together, Zend haca, out, for. Hence Gaelic and Irish seachad, past, Gaelic and Irish seachain, avoid.
• seachd
• seven, Irish seachd, Old Irish secht n-, Welsh saith, Cornish seyth, Breton seiz: *septn@.; Latin septem; Greek @Ge@`ptР±; Gothic, Old High German siban, English seven; Lithuanian septyni; Sanskrit saptР±.
• seachduin a week, Irish seachdmhain, Old Irish sechtman, Cornish seithum, Breton sizun; from Latin septimana, from septem.
• seachlach a heifer barren though of age to bear a calf; cf. Old Irish sechmal, prГ¦teritio (= sechm, past, and ell, go, as in tadhal). Irish seachluighim, lay aside. H.S.D. suggests seach-laogh, "past calf". seach-la, surviving, still spared (Suth.).
• seachran wandering, error, Irish seachrР±n, Early Irish sechrР±n: *sech-reth-an, from seach and ruith, run?
• seadh yes, it is, Irish 'seadh, for is eadh, it is; See is and eadh, it.
• seadh
• sense; usual spelling of seagh, q.v.
• seagal rye, so Irish, Middle Irish secul; from Latin secale, whence also Breton segal.
• seagh
• sense, esteem, Irish seagh, regard, esteem, strength, seaghdha, learned (O'Cl.), Middle Irish seg, strength, Gaulish sego-: *sego-, strength, pith; Norse sigr, victory, German sieg; Sanskrit sР±has, might; further Greek @Ge@'hw, have; Indo-European segh, hold.
• seal a while, space, Irish seal, Old Irish sel, Welsh chwyl, versio, turning, Breton hoel, "du moins", root svel, turn. Bez. (apud Stokes) compares Lettic swalstit, move hither and thither; to which cf. Greek @GsaleСЉw, I toss.
• sealbh possession, cattle, luck, Irish sealbh, Early Irish selb, Old Irish selbad, Welsh helw, possession, ownership: *selvГў, possession, root sel, take, Early Irish selaim, I take, Greek @Ge@`lei@nn, take; Gothic saljan, offer, English sell. Windisch has compared Gothic silba, English self (pronominal root sve).
• sealbhag
• sorrel, Irish sealbhСѓg; usually regarded as for searbhag, "bitter herb" (cf. English sorrel from sour). The change of r to l is a difficulty, but it may be due to the analogy of mealbhag.
• sealbhan the throat, throttle: *svel-vo-, English swallo (*svel-ko-)?
• sealg a hunt, Irish sealg, Old Irish selg, Welsh hela, hel, to hunt, Old Welsh helghati, venare, Cornish helhia, British Selgovae, now Solway: *selgГў, a hunt, root sel, capture (see sealbh).
• sealg milt, spleen, Irish sealg, Middle Irish selg, Breton felc'h: *selgГў, *spelgГў; Greek @GsplР±ghna, the higher viscera, @Gsplc/n, spleen (*splghe@-n); Latin lie@-n; Sanskrit plГ®hР±n, spleen; Church Slavonic sle@-zena, Lithuanian bluz@?nis; also English lung.
• seall look, Early Irish sellaim, sell, eye, Welsh syllu, to gaze, view, Breton sellet; cf. solus. Stokes gives the Celtic as *stilnaГґ, I see, comparing the Greek @GstilpnСѓs.
• sРёam, seum forbid, enjoin:
• seaman (sРёaman, H.S.D.), a nail, small riveted nail, a small stout person, Irish seaman, small riveted nail, Early Irish semmen, Welsh, Middle Welsh hemin, rivet: *seg-s-men, root seg, segh, hold, as in seagh.
• seamarlan chamberlain, Middle Irish seomuirlРјn; from the English
• sРёamh mild, peaceful (seamh, Arms.), Irish sР№amh; See sРёimh, M`A. gives its meaning as an "enchantment to make one's friends prosper". See seamhas.
• seamhas good luck, also seanns, good chance, seamhsail, seannsail, lucky; from English chance.
• seamlach a cow that gives milk without her calf, an impudent or silly person; Scottish shamloch, a cow that has not calved for two years (West Lothian):
• seamrag
• shamrock, seamair (M`A.), Irish seamrСѓg, Middle Irish semrach (adj.), Early Irish semmor (B.L.):
• seamsan hesitation, quibbling, delay, sham; from the English sham, Northern English sham, a shame, trick?
• sean old, Irish sean, Old Irish sen, Welsh, Cornish, and Old Breton hen, Gaulish Seno-: *seno-s, old; Latin senex, g. senis, old man; Greek @Ge@`nos, old; Gothic sinista, oldest, English seneschal; Lithuanian sР№nas; Sanskrit sР±nas.
• seanachas conversation, story, Irish seanachas, seanchus, tale, history, genealogy, Old Irish senchas, vetus historia, lex, Old Welsh hencass, monimenta. Stokes refers this to *seno-kastu-, "old story", from *kastu-, root kans, speak (see cainnt and Stokes' derivation of it). Regarded by others as a pure derivative of *seno- or its longer stem *seneko- (Latin senex, Gothic sineigo, old, Sanskrit sanakР±s, old), that is *senekastu-. Hence seanachaidh, a reciter of ancient lore, a historian, Irish seanchuidh, a form which favours the second derivation.
• seanadh a senate, synod, Irish seanadh, seanaidh, Early Irish senod, Welsh senedd, Cornish sened, Breton senez; from the Latin synodus, now English synod.
• seanagar old-fashioned, knowing; cf. Irish senfha, Welsh henwr:
• seanair a grandfather, Irish seanathair, Middle Irish senathair, literally "old father".
• seang
• slender, lean, Irish seang, Early Irish seng: *svengo-s; Norse svangr, slender, thin, Scottish swank, swack, supple, German schwank, supple, allied to English swing.
• seangan an ant (S.Inverness and Perthshire snioghan), Manx sniengan, Irish sangР±n, Middle Irish sengР±n, Early Irish segon (Corm.); cf. Greek @GsknРЅy ( i long), g. skniofСѓs or @GsknipСѓs, @GskРЅy, root skene, kene, scratch (see cnР°mh), Lithuanian skanС‰s, savoury (kittling), Stokes (Bez@+18 65) refers it to *stingagno-, English sting, Greek @GstРЅzw, prick; K.Meyer derives it from seang, slender.
• seanns luck; See seamhas.
• sРёap
• slink, sneak off, flinch, Irish seapaim: "turn tail"; See seap.
• seap a tail, an animal's tail hangin down (as a dog's when cowed):
• sear eastern; See ear.
• searadoir a towel (Sh. searbhadair); from Scottish serviter, servet, napkin, from French servietta, from servir, serve, Latin servio.
• searbh bitter, Irish searbh, Old Irish serv, Welsh chwerw, Cornish wherow, Breton c'houero: *svervo-s; Old High German sweran, dolere, German sauer, English sour; Lithuanian swarС‰s, salty.
• searbhant a servant maid: from the English servant.
• searg wither, Irish seargaim, Old Irish sercim, serg, illness: *sego-; Lithuanian sergС‰, I am ill; Old High German swГ«rcan, Old Sax. swercan, become gloomy.
• searmon a sermon, Irish searmСѓin, Middle Irish sermon; from Latin sermo, sermonis, English sermon.
• seР°rr a sickle, saw, Early Irish serr, Old Welsh serr; from Latin serra.
• searrach a foal, colt, so Irish, Early Irish serrach: *serso-; Greek @Ge@`\rsai, young lambs?
• searrag a bottle; founded on the English jar?
• sears charge or load (as a gun); from English charge.
• searsanach a sheriff officer, estate overseer, seirseanach, auxiliary ( Arms., Sh., O'Br.); Gaelic is from the Scottish sergean, sergeand, an inferior officer in a court of justice, English serjeant, from French serjant, Latin serviens, etc. Middle Irish has sersР№nach, foot soldier sРёarsaigeadh, charging, citation (Suth.).
• seas
• stand, Irish seasaim, Early Irish sessim, Old Irish tair(sh)issim, Early Irish inf. sessom, Gaelic seasamh: *sistami, I stand, *sistamo- (n.), root sta; Latin sisto, stop, sto; Greek @Gi@`stcmi, set; English stand; Sanskrit sthГў. The Welsh sefyll, stare, Cornish, Breton sevell, Breton saff, come from *stam (Stokes).
• seasg barren, dry, Irish seasg, Early Irish sesc, Welsh hysp, Breton hesk, hesp: *sisqo-s, from sit-s-qo-, root sit, dry; Latin siccus (= sit-cus), dry, sitis, thirst; Zend hisku, dry.
• seasgair one in comfortable circumstances, comfortable, Irish seasgair, cosy, dry and warm, quiet; from seasg.
• seasgan a shock or truss of corn, gleaned land:
• seasgann a fenny country, marsh, Irish seisgeann, Early Irish sescenn; from *sesc, sedge, Irish seisg, sedge, Welsh hesg (pl.), Cornish hescen, Breton hesk, whence Romance sescha, reed; cf. English sedge, Indo-European root seq, cut. Zimmer refers seasgann to seasg, dry, though it denotes wet or marsh land.
• seat
• satiety of food (Dial.): See seid.
• seic a skin or hide, peritoneum, brain pellicle; See seich.
• seic meal-bag made of rushes (Lewis); Norse sekk, sack.
• seic a rack, manger; from Scottish heck, also hack. See seiceal.
• seiceal a heckle (for flax); from Scottish and English heckle. The Welsh is heislan, from English hatchel.
• seich , seiche a hide, skin, Irish seithe, Early Irish seche, g. seched: *seket-; Norse sigg, callus, hard skin. The root is Indo-European seq, cut, Latin seco, etc.; cf. for force Greek @GdР№rma, skin, from @GdР№irw, flay, English tear, Latin scortum and corium, from sker, English shear, etc.
• seid a belly-full, flatulent swelling, seideach, swollen by tympany, corpulent:
• seid a truss of hay, a bed spread on the floor (especially seideag in the latter sense): *seddi-:
• sР№id blow, Irish sР№idim, Early Irish sР№tim, Welsh chwyth, a blast, Middle Breton huР№z, Breton c'houeza, blow, Cornish whythe, to blow: *sveiddo-, *sviddo- from *sveizdho-, *svizdho-; Ch.Slavonic svistati, sibilare; Latin sГ®bilus, whistling (= sГ®dhilus), English sibilant.
• seidhir a chair, from English chair.
• seilcheag a snail, Irish seilide, seilchide, seilmide, slimide, Old Irish selige, testudo; cf. Greek @GsР№silos ( i long), @GsР№sclos, @GsesilРЅtcs, a snail. Stokes gives the root as sel, allied to Lit salР№ti, creep, slР№kas, earthworm, Old Prussian slayx (do.). Stokes now, Lithuanian seleti, creep.
• seile placenta (Carm.):
• seileach willow, Irish saileСѓg, Early Irish sail, g. sailech, Welsh helyg, willows, Cornish heligen, salix, Breton halek (pl.): *saliks; Latin salix; Greek @Ge@`lРЅkc (Arcadian); English sallow.
• sР№ileann
• sheep-louse, tick:
• seilear a cellar, Irish seilР№ir, Middle Welsh seler; from English cellar.
• seilisdeir yellow iris or yellow water-flag, Irish soileastar, feleastar ( O'Br.), elestrom ( O'Br.), Middle Irish soilestar, Welsh elestr, fleur de lys, iris, Old Breton elestr. Cf. Late Latin alestrare, humectare (Ernault, Stokes in R.C.@+4 329).
• seillean a bee, teillean (Perth), tilleag (Suth), Welsh chwil, beetle; root svel, turn, as in seal? Welsh telyn, harp?
• sРёim a squint:
• sРёimh mild, placid, Irish sР№imh ( O'R., Fol.), seimh (Con.):
• seinn
• sing, Irish seinnim, Middle Irish sendim, Old Irish sennim, play an instrument, psallo, perf. sephainn (*sesvanva, Stokes); root sven, sound, as in Latin sonare, sonus, English sound, Sanskrit svГўnati, sound.
• seipeal a chapel, so Irish, Middle Irish sР№pР№l; from Middle English and Old French chapele, now English chapel.
• seipein a quart, choppin; from the English choppin, from French chopine, chope, a beer glass, from German schoppen.
• seirbhis
• service, Irish seirbhРЅs; from the English
• seirc love, Irish searc, seirc, Old Irish serc, Welsh serch, Breton serc'h, concubine, Middle Breton serch: *serkГў, *serko-; Gothic saСЉrga, care, German sorge, sorrow, English sorrow; Sanskrit sГ»rkshati, respect, reverence, take thought about something. The favourite derivation is to ally it to Greek @GstР№rgw, I love, which would give a Gaelic teirg.
• seircean burdoch (Carm.):
• seirean a shank, leg, spindle-shanked person; for connections See speir.
• seirm
• sound, musical noise, ring as a bell, Old Irish sibrase, modulabor; Celtic root sver, sing, Indo-European sver, sound; Sanskrit svara, sound, musik; English swear, answer, Gothic svaran, swear; Latin sermo, speech, English sermon. The Welsh chwyrnu, hum, snort, is also allied.
• seirsealach robust (sР№irsealach, H.S.D.), Irish sР№irsean, a strong person (O'R.); cf. searsanach for origin.
• seis one's match, a friend, sufficiency, Irish seas, ship's seat, Lewis sis, bench, seat; cf. Norse sessi, bench-mate, oar-mate, from sessa, a ship's seat (Indo-European root sed, sit).
• seis anything grateful to the senses, Irish seis, pleasure, delight: *sved-ti-, root sveda, svГўd, sweet; Greek @Ge@'danСѓs, sweet, @Gc@'dСЉs (do.); Latin suavis, sweet; English sweet.
• seis anuas, the seat (Suth.):
• seisd a siege; formed from the English siege.
• seisean
• session, assize, Irish seisiСЉn; from Latin sessio, sessiГґnis, a sitting, session.
• seisreach a plough, six-horse plough, the six horses of a plough, Irish seisreach, a plough of six horses, Early Irish sesrech, plough team; from seiseir, six persons, a derivative of sРё, six.
• sР№ist the melody of a song, a ditty, Middle Irish sР№is, a musical strain: *sven-s-ti-, root sven, seinn.
• seС‚c , seС‚can a helmet plume, a helmet; cf. English shock.
• seochlan a feeble person; from the Scottish shochlin, waddling, infirm, shachlin, verb shachle, shuffle in walking, allied to English shackle, shake.
• seС‚d , siad a hero, a jewel, Irish seСѓd, a jewel; See sud, jewel.
• seС‚g
• swing to and fro, dandle; from Scottish shog, Middle English shoggin, Middle Dutch shocken.
• seС‚l method, way, Irish seСѓl a method of doing a thing, seСѓlaim, I direct, steer; Early Irish seСѓl, course; Welsh hwyl, course, condition. From seСѓl, sail.
• seС‚l a sail Irish seСѓl, Old Irish sР№ol, seСѓl, seol, g. siСЉil, Welsh hwyl, Old Welsh huil: usually referred to *seghlo- (root of seagh) or to Teutonic seglo-, sail (also from *seghlo-), borrowed into Celtic. In either case we should expect Irish *sР№l, Welsh *hail, but we have neither. Strachan suggests that seСѓl is formed from g. siСЉil on the analogy of ceСѓl, etc.; while Welsh hwyl may have been effected by a borrow from Latin vГЄlum (Cornish guil, Breton goel).
• seС‚mar a chamber, Irish seСѓmra, Middle Irish seomra; from Middle English and French chambre, Latin camera.
• seС‚rsa a sort, kind, Irish sСѓrt; from the English
• seot a short tail or stump, the worst beast, a sprout; from Scottish shot, rejected sheep ("shot" from shoot), shoot, stern of a boat, from the root of English shoot. Cf. Norse skott, fox's tail,, skotta, dangle.
• seotal
• shuttle of trunk (M`D.):
• seth in gu seth, severally, neither (after negative); cf. Latin se-cum; "by one-self".
• seuchd a tunic or lР№ine (Oss.Ballad of Ionmhuin):
• seud a jewel, treasure, hero, Irish seud, Old Irish sР№t, pl. sР№uti, pretiosa, Med.Irish, Latin sentis; from *sent-, real, "being", Indo-European sents, being, participle from root es, be; Latin -sens, praesens, etc.; Greek @Gei@'s.
• seul , seula
• saoil, a seal, Irish seula, Middle Irish sР№la, Welsh sel, Old Breton siel; from Latin sigillum, Middle English and French seel, Anglo-Saxon sigle.
• seum earnest entreaty; See sРёam.
• seun a charm, defend by charms, Irish seun, good luck, Early Irish sР№n, blessing, sign, luck, Old Irish sР№n, benedic, Welsh swyn, a charm, magic preservative; from Latin signum, a sign, "sign of the cross".
• seun refus, shun, Irish seunaim, sР№anaim, Middle Irish sР№naim; probably from the above.
• seunan , sianan in breac-sheunain, freckles:
• seusar acme or perfection (M`A. for Islay); from seizure, crisis?
• sgab
• scab, sgabach, scabbed; from the English
• sgabag cow killed for winter provision (M`F.):
• sgabaiste anything pounded or bashed (H.S.D.), Irish sgabaiste, robbery:
• sgaball a hood, helmet, Middle Gaelic sgaball, a hood or cape (M`V.); Irish scabal, a hood, shoulder guard, helmet, a scapular; from Latin scapulae, shoulder-blades, whence English scapular.
• sgabard
• scabbard; from the English
• sgabh
• sawdust, Irish sgabh (Lh.); Latin scobis, sawdust, powder.
• sgad a loss, mischance; from the Scottish skaith, English scathe, scath (Shakespeare), Norse skaГ°i, scathe, German schaden, hur.
• sgadan a herring, Irish sgadР±n, Early Irish scatan (Corm.), Welsh ysgadan (pl.); cf. English shad, "king of herrings", Anglo-Saxon sceadda, Prov. German schade.
• sgadartach a set of ragamuffins (H.S.D.), anything scattered (M`A.); from English scatter.
• sgafair a bold, heary man (H.S.D., Arms., O'Br.), a handsome man (H.S.D.), a scolding man (M`A.), Irish sgafaire, a bold, hearty man, spruce fellow, a gaffer; from the English gaffer?
• sgag
• split, crack, winnow, filter, Irish sgagaim, filter, purge; cf., for root gР°g.
• sgaipean a ninny, dwarf:
• sgР°il a shade, shadow, Irish sgР±ile, scР±il, Middle Irish scР±il, Old Breton esceilenn, cortina, curtain: *skГўli-, root skГў, of sgР°th, q.v.
• sgailc a smart blow, a slap, skelp, Irish sgailleСѓg; root skal, make a noise by hitting; Norse skella, slap, clatter (skjalla), German schallen, resound; Lithuanian skaliu, give tongue (as a hunting dog). Cf. Scottish and Middle English skelp. Also sgailleag.
• sgailc a bald pate, baldness, sgall, baldness, Irish sgallta, bald, bare, scallach, bald; from Norse skalli, a bald head, Swed. skallig, bald, skala, peel, skal, husk, English scale. The Gaelic sgailc is possibly from Middle English scalc, scalp; but sgall is clearly Norse.
• sgР°in burst, rend, Irish sgР±inim: *skad-no-, root skhad, sked, skha, split, rend, cut; Greek @GskedР±nnumi, scatter; Sanskrit skhР±date, split,
• sgainneal a scandal, Irish scannail, Middle Irish scandal; from the Latin scandalum.
• sgainnir
• scatter, sganradh (n.), Irish scanruighim, scatter, scare; cf. English squander, allied to scatter.
• sgР°innteach a corroding pain, pain of fatique; from sgР°in.
• sgР°ird flux, diarrh@oea, Irish sgР±rdaim, I squirt, pour out: *skardo-; Indo-European skerdo-; Latin sucerda, swine-dung, muscerda, mouse-dung = mus-scerda-; Sanskrit chard, vomit; Church Slavonic skare@?du@u, nauseating; English sharn. Another form is *skart, Welsh ysgarth, excrement, Breton skoarz, skarz, void, cleanse, Greek @Gskw@nr, g. @GskatСѓs, Sanskrit çбkr@.t, dung.
• sgaireach prodigal (Sh., etc.); from the root skar of sgar.
• sgР°ireag one year old gull, young scart; from Norse skР±ri, a young sea-mew.
• sgР°irn howling of dogs, loud murmur; See sgairt.
• sgairneach a continuous heap of loose stones on a hill side, the sound of such stones falling (sgairm, M`A.); cf. Scottish scarnoch, crowd, gumult, noise (Ayr). See sgР°irn. Badenoch Dial. sgarmach.
• sgairt a loud cry, Irish sgairt: *s-gar-ti-, root gar?
• sgairt activity, Irish sgairteamhuil, active: root skar, skip, spring; Greek @GskaРЅrw, skip, @GskР±ros, a leap, run; Zend Г§har, spring.
• sgairt midriff, intesting caul, Irish scairt: "separater", from skar of sgar?
• sgait a skate; from the English skate, Norse skata.
• sgaiteach
• sharp, edged, cutting, sgait, a prickle, a little chip of wood in one's flesh (Dial.); from sgath, lop.
• sgal howl, shriek, yell, Irish sgal, Middle Irish scal, root skal, sound, cry; Norse skjalla, clash, clatter, skvala, squall, squeal, German schallen; Lithuanian skaliu, give tongue (as a dog); Greek @GskСЉlax, whelp: Indo-European root sqel, make a sound, allied to sqel, split, hit? Cf. Welsh chwalu, prate, babble, spread, root sqvel, sqval.
• sgalag a servant, Irish sgolСѓg (fem.), husbandman, rustic, Middle Irish scolСѓc (= gille), Early Irish scoloca; from Norse skР±lkr, servant, slave, Gothic skalks, servant, German schalk, knave, English marshal, seneschal. It could hardly be from Latin scholasticus, as Skene (Celt.Scot.@+1 448) thinks.
• sgР°lain
• scales for weighing, Irish scР±la, a balance, scali (Book of Deer); from the early English scale, Anglo-Saxon scР±le, Norse skР±l, a balance.
• sgР°lan hut, scaffold, Irish, Middle Irish scР±lР±n; from the Norse skР±li, hut, shed. Stkes (Bez.Beit.@+18 65) refers it to a stem *scГўnlo-, cognate with Greek @Gskcnc (Dor. @Gska@-nР±), a tent, roof, skhГў, cover, shade.
• sgald burn, scald, Irish sgall, scald, singe; from the English scald.
• sgall baldness, Irish sgallta, bald, bare; See under sgailc.
• sgalla an old hat (M`A.):
• sgР°lla a large wooden dish cut out of a tree (M`A.):
• sgallais insult, contempt; from the Norse skГ¶ll, mockery, loud laughter, skjal, empty talk, skjall, flattering (H.S.D. gives "flatter" as a meaning): allied to sgal, q.v.
• sgamal a scale, squama, Irish sgamal; from Latin squГўmula, squГўma. In Gaelic and Irish Bibles, Acts@+8 18, "Scales fell from his eyes" - sgamail.
• sgamal effluvia, phlegn, Irish sgamal: same as sgamal.
• sgamh dross, dust; See sgabh.
• sgamhan the lungs, liver, Irish sgamhР±n, lungs, Middle Irish scaman, Welsh ysgyfaint, lights, Cornish skefans, Breton skeveГ±t; from Irish scaman, levis, Welsh ysgafn, light, Cornish scaff, Breton skanv, light (cf. for force English lights, Russ. legkoe, lungs, from legkii, light): *skamno-; cf. Norse skammr, short, Old High German scam, short.
• sgann a multitude, drove:
• sgann a membrane, Irish sgann; cf. Norse skР±n, a thin membrane, film, skaeni, film, membrane; *skad-no?
• sganradh dispersing, terror; See sgainnir.
• sgaog a foolish, giddy girl; cf. Scottish skeich, skeigh, skittish, English shy.
• sgaoil
• spread, scatter, let go, Irish sgaoilim, Middle Irish, Early Irish scР±ilim; cf. Welsh chwalu, disperse, strew, root sqval, sqvГґl, allied to root sqel, split (as in sgoilt, q.v.). Rhys says Welsh is borrowed.
• sgaoim a fright, a start from fear, skittishness: for sgeum? If so, for sceng-men, Early Irish scingim, I start; Greek @GskР±zw, I limp, @GskimbР±zw, limp; German hinken (do.); Sanskrit khanj (do.). See sgeun.
• sgaoth a swarm (as of bees), Irish scaoth, scaoith: *skoiti-, from skheit, separate; German scheiden, English shed; further Latin scindo (from root skjeid, split), split.
• sgap
• scatter, Irish scapaim: *skad-bo- (from skad, divide, Greek @GskedР±nnumi, scatter), developing into skabb, which, as skabb-th, becomes sgap? But consider English scape, escape.
• sgar
• sever, separate, Irish sgaraim, Old Irish scaraim, Welsh ysgar, separate, Old Breton scarat, dijudicari: *skaraГґ, root sker, separate, sunder; Lithuanian skiriСЉ, separate; Old High German scГ«ran, German scheren, shear, cut, English shear; further Greek @GkeРЅrw, cut, etc.
• sgarbh cormorant; from the Norse skarfr, N.Scottish scarf (Shet., etc.).
• sgarlaid
• scarlet, Irish sgР±rlСѓid, Middle Irish scarloit; from Middle English scarlat, scarlet, Medieval Latin scarlatum. Stokes and K.Meyer take it direct from Latin
• sgat a skate (Dial.); See sgait.
• sgath lop off, Irish sgathaim, Early Irish scothaim; Indo-European, root skath, cut; Greek @Ga@'skcqc/s, unscathed, @GsjР±zw, cut; English scathe, German schaden, hurt; Sanskrit chР±, lop. The root appears variously as skhГЄ, ska, skГЄi, ske (Greek @GskedР±nnumi). It is possible to refer sgath to the root seq, cut, Latin seco, English section. See sgian.
• sgР°th a shade, shadow, Irish sgР±th, sgР±th, Old Irish scР±th, Welsh ysgod, Cornish scod, umbra, Breton skeud: *skГўto-s; Greek @GskСѓtos, darkness; English shade, Gothic skadus, shade, shadow, German schatten; Sanskrit chР±ya, shadow.
• sgath (sh., Arms., sgР°th, H.S.D.), a wattled door:
• sgeach, sgitheag hawthorn berry, Irish sgeach, sweet-briar, haw, Early Irish scР№, g. sciach, also g.pl. sciad, Welsh ysbyddad, hawthorn, Cornish spedhes, Breton spezad, fruit, currant: *skvijat-:
• sgeadaich dress, adorn, Irish sgeaduighim, adorn, mark with a white spot, sgead, speck, white spot, sgeadach, speckled, sky-coloured; also gead, spot:
• sgealb a splinter, Irish sgealpСѓg, splinter, fragment, sgealpaim, smash, split, make splinters of; See sgolb. Cf. Scottish skelb, skelf, a splinter, skelve (vb.).
• sgeallag wild mustard, Irish sgeallagach, Middle Irish scell, a grain, kernel; root sqel, separate, English shell, etc. Stkes equates Irish scellР±n, kernel, with Latin scilla, squill, sea-onion, Greek @GskРЅlla.
• sgealp a slap; from Scottish skelp, Middle English skelp.
• sgeamh yelp, Irish sceamh, Early Irish scem, scemdacht; cf. sgeamh. Also Gaelic sgiamh, sgiamhail, to which Ernault compares Middle Breton hueual, cry like a fox.
• sgeamh
• severe or cutting language, Irish sgeamhaim, I scold, reproach: *skemo-; Norse skamma, to shame, to scold, English shame, sham? The word sgeamh also means "a disgust" in Gaelic; also, according to M`A., "a speck on the eye", "membrane". Also Irish (and Gaelic?) sgeamh, polypody.
• sgean cleanliness, polish; cf. for ofigin Norse skРЅna, English shine.
• sgРёan
• sudden fright or start, a wild look of the face; See sgeun.
• sgeaunag a kind of sea weed, so called from resembling a knife blade (Arg.).
• sgeann a stare, gazing upon a thing:
• sgeap a beehive; from the Scottish skep, Middle English skeppe, a skep, carrying basket, Norse skeppa, a measure.
• sgeig mockery, Irish sgige, Middle Irish scige: *skeggio-:
• sgeigeach having a prominent chin or a beard of strong, straight hair (Sutherland); from Norse skegg, a beard, from sgaga, jut out, English shaggy.
• sgeilcearra
• supple, active; cf. sgiolcarra.
• sgР№ile misery, pity, Irish sceile ( O'Cl., Lh. as obsolete, O'Br.), scР№ile (O'R.):
• sgeileid a skillet, Irish sgilР№ad; from the English
• sgeileas a beak, thin face, talkativeness (H.S.D.); See sgeilm.
• sgeilm boasting, prattling ( H.S.D., Arms.), a thin-lipped mouth, a prater's mouth (M`A.); also sgiolam, sgeinm. Root skel, as in sgal.
• sgeilm , sgeinm neatness, decency; cf. sgean.
• sgeilmse a surprise, sudden attack:
• sgeilp a shelf; from Scottish skelf, Anglo-Saxon scylfe, now shelf.
• sgРёimh beauty, Irish sgeimh; See sgiamh.
• sgeimhle a skirmish, bickering, Irish sgeimhle:
• sgР№innidh twine, flax or hep thread; cf. Irish sgainne, a skein or clue of thread. The Scottish skiny, pack thread (pronounced skeenyie), is apparently from Gaelic; English skein is from Middle English skeine, Old French escaigne. Skeat derives the English from Gaelic. The Gaelic alone might be referred to *skein, from s@?hein, s@ghoin, rope, string, Lithuanian geinis, string, Latin fГ»nis, Greek @Gshoi@nnos.
• sgeir a rock in the sea, skerry; from Norse sker, a rock in the sea, whence English skerry, scaur: "cut off", from root of English shear, Gaelic sgar.
• sgeith vomit, Irish sceithim, Early Irish scР№im, sceithim, Welsh chwydu, Breton c'houeda: *sqveti-; cf. Greek @GspatРЅgc, thin excrement as in diarrh@oea (Bez.). sgeith-fР№ith, varicose vein.
• sgeС‚ g. sgiach, haze, dimness (Heb.): See ceС‚.
• sgeС‚c a long neck; cf. geС‚c.
• sgeС‚ a torrent of foolish words, also sgeog:
• sgeul , sgial a tale, Irish sgeul, Old Irish scР№l, Welsh chwedl, Cornish whethl, Breton quehezl (que-hezl, que = ko-): *sqetlo-n (sqedlo-n, Rhys), root seq, say: Latin inseque, dic, inquam (= in-squam?), say I; Greek e@'nnР№pw, I tell, @Ge@'/ni-spe, dixit; German sagen English say; Lithuanian saky/ti, say.
• sgeun dread, disgust, look of fear, Irish sgР№an, fright, wild look, Middle Irish scР№n, affright: *skeng-no-, from skeng, start, spring, Early Irish scingim, start, spring (for root See sgaoim). Strachan refers it to *skakno-, root skak, spring, Lithuanian szСѓkti, spring, Church Slavonic skakati, Norse skaga, jut out.
• sgiab a snatch, sudden movement, Irish sgiob; See sgiobag.
• sgiamh beauty, Irish sgiamh, Old Irish scРЅam: *skeimГў; cf. Gothic skeima, a light, Anglo-Saxon scРЅma, Norse skРЅmi, a gleam of light, further English shine, shimmer.
• sgiamh a squeal, yell, mew; See sgeamh.
• sgian a knife, Irish sgian, Early Irish scРЅan, Welsh ysgРЅen slicer, scimitar, ysgi, citting off Breton skeja, cut: *scГЄenГў, vb. skГЄГґ, cut; Sanskrit chГў, cut off, Greek @GshР±zw, cut, @gshР±w; Indo-European root skjГЄ, skha, split, cut. Lindsay refers Gadelic to *scГЄnГў, allied to Latin scГЄna, a priest's knife, whose side-form is sacena, from seco, cut, English section, saw. Others have compared Latin scio, know, Greek @GkeРЅw, cut.
• sgiath a shield, Irish sgiath, Old Irish sciath, Welsh ysgwyd, Old Welsh scuit, Old Breton scoit Breton skoued: *skeito-; Church Slavonic stitu@u, shield; Old Prussian scaytan, Norse skРЅГ°, firewood, billet of wood, tablet (SchrГ¤der); to which Bez. queries if Latin scГ»tum (*skoito-?) be allied.
• sgiath a wing, Irish sgiathР±n, sgiath, Early Irish sciath (sciath n-ete, shoulder of the wing), Old Irish scРЅath, ala, pinaa, Welsh ysgwydd, shoulder, Cornish scuid, scapula, Breton skoaz: *skeito-, *skeidГў, shoulder-blade; Indo-European root sqid, Latin scindo; Greek @GshРЅzw, split; Sanskrit chid, cut; further German scheiden, divide (Indo-European shheit), which agrees with the Gadelic form.
• sgibeach, sgibidh neat; See sgiobalta.
• sgid a little excrement (M`A.); from the English
• sgideil a plash of water; See sgiodar.
• sgil
• skill; from the English
• sgil unhusk, shell, Irish sgiollaim, sgilc, shellings of corn, sgilice, the operation of the mill in shelling corn: *skeli-, Indo-European sqel, separate; Norse skilja, separate, English skill, shell, etc. See sgoilt. Cf. Scottish shillin, shelled or unhusked grain.
• sgilbheag a chip of slate (Arg.); from Scottish skelve a thin slice, English shelf.
• sgilig
• shelled grain (Dial.), fom Norse, whence Scottish shillin, which See under sgil. Irish sgilige, sgileadh, sgiolladh, shelling grain.
• sgillinn a penny, Irish sgillin, shilling, Middle Irish scilling, scillic, from Anglo-Saxon scilling, Norse skillingr, German schilling.
• sgilm a mouth expressive of scolding aptitude (M`A.); See sgiolam.
• sgimilear a vagrant parasite, intruder; from Scottish skemmel. Cf. sgiomalair.
• sginn
• squeeze out, gush out, Irish scinn, gush, start, Early Irish scendim, spring; Sanskrit skand, leap; Latin scando; Greek @GskР±ndalon, English scandal. Arms. has sginichd, squeezing; Badenoch Dial. has sging, a squeeze, hardship. there is an Early Irish scingim, I spring, from skeng, discussed under sgaoim.
• sgioba
• ship's crew; from the Norse skip, a ship.
• sgiobag a slap given in play, a hasty touch or snatch, sgiob, sgiab, snatch, Irish sgiobaim, I snatch, Welsh ysgip, ysgipiol; cf. Manx skibbag, skip, hop, from English skip.
• sgiobair a skipper; from the Scottish skippare, English skipper, Norse skipari, a mariner.
• sgiobal, sgРјobal (Suth.), a barn, Irish sgiobР±l:
• sgioball loose folds or skirts of a garment:
• sgiobalta clever, neat, Manx skibbylt, active, a skipping, Irish sgiobalta, active, spruce; also Gaelic sgioblaich, adjust the dress, etc., tidy up. Cf. Norse skipulag, order, arrangement, skipa, put in order, English ship shape. The Gadelic is borrowed.
• sgiodar a plashing through bog and mire, diarrh@oea; from Scottish scutter, skitter.
• sgiogair a jackanapes, Irish sgigire, a buffoon, mocker; See sgeig.
• sgiolam forward talk, also sgeilm; also giolam. See sgeilm. sgiol (Lewis), empty talk; Norse skjal.
• sgiolc
• slip in or out unperceived; cf. English skulk.
• sgiolbhagan fibs (Wh.):
• sgiomalair an instrument to take the suet off a pot (M`A.); from English skim?
• sgРјonabhagan "smithereens" (Arg.); from sgian?
• sgionnadh
• starting, eyes starting with fear; See sginn.
• sgionn-shuil a squint eye; from English squint, with a leaning on Gaelic sgionn, sginn, start, protrude.
• sgiord
• squirt, purge, Irish sgРЅordadh (n.), sgiurdaim (O'R.); either cognate with or borrowed from English squirt (Stokes' Lis.).
• sgiorr
• slip, stumble, Irish sciorraim:
• sgiort a skirt, edge of a garment, Irish sgiorta; from English skirt. O'Cl. has Irish sguird for tunic or shirt.
• sgiot
• scatter; from Norse skjСѓta, shoot, skyti, shooter. M`A. says the word belongs to the North Highlands; Arms. does not have it. Irish has sgiot, a dart, arrow: "something shot".
• sgРјre a parish; from Anglo-Saxon scРЅr, county, now shire, Old High German scГ®ra, charge.
• sgirtean a disease in cattle - black spauld or quarter-ill (H.S.D.): "stumbling disease", from sgiorradh?
• sgРјth tired, Irish sgРЅth, weariness, Old Irish scРЅth, Cornish sqwyth, skГ®th, Breton skouГ®z, skuГ®z: *skГ®to-, *skГ®tto- (Brittonic *skvГ®tto-, according to Stokes); rrot skhei beside khsei, decay, destroy, Greek @GfqРЅw, @GfqРЅsis, phthisis, Sanskrit kshi, destroy, kshitР±s, exhausted (Strachan, Bez.Beit.@+17 300).
• sgithiol a shealing hut (Carmichael); from Norse sky/li, a shed, skjСѓl, a shelter, Danish and Swed. skjul, shed, English sheal.
• sgiС‰can , sgiС‰chan the cackling or plaint of a moorhen:
• sgiС‰gan a whimper; cf. sgiС‰can.
• sgiС‰nach a charm for getting all the fish about a boat or headland into one's own boat amidst the amazement of the neighbours (M`A.):
• sgiС‰nach a bold, shameless woman (H.S.D.):
• sgiurdan a squirt; from the English
• sgiС‰rs
• scourge, Irish sgiСЉrsaim, Welsh ysgors; from Middle English scourge, Latin excoriare.
• sgiС‰thadh a lash, stroke with a whip ( H.S.D. says Dial.; M`A. says North):
• sglabhart a blow on the side of the head; from Scottish sclaffert (do.), sclaff, a blow, Prov.French esclaffa, to beat (Ducange), Medieval Latin eclaffa.
• sglР°ib ostentation (Hend.):
• sglaim questionably acquired wealth, sglaimire, usurper (M`A.); See glР°m.
• sglamhadh a seizing greedily upon anything, Irish sclamhaim, I seize greedily, scold; also Gaelic sglamadh i (M`E.); See glР°m.
• sglamhruinn a scolding, abusive words; cf. Scottish sclourie, vilify, abuse, bedaub. Irish sglamhadh means also "scold:, and Gaelic sglamhadh, scold of a sudden (M`A.). Scottish has sklave, to calumniate.
• sglamhradh clawing one's skin for itch (M`A.); See clamhradh.
• sgleamhas meanness, sordidness, sgleamhraidh, a stupid or mean fellow. gleamaic plaster (vb.), daub filthily (M`A.), sgleamaid, snotters (M`A.):
• sglРёap ostentation, Irish sglР№ip; M`A. gives the force of "to flatter, stare open-mouthed at one".
• sgleС‚ dimness of the eyes, vapour:
• sgleС‚ boasting, romancing, Irish scleo, boasting, high language:
• sgleС‚ misery, Irish scleo (O'Cl.):
• sgleС‚bach
• sluttish:
• sgleobht a chunk (M`D.):
• sgleog a snot, phlegm, a knock:
• sgleogair a troublesome prattler, liar:
• sgleС‚id a silly person, slattern, Irish scleСѓid; also gleС‚id:
• sgliamach
• slippery-faced (M`L.):
• sgliat
• slate, Irish sclР±ta; from Middle English sclat, now slate.
• sglРјmeach troublesome, as an unwelcome guest:
• sgliobhag a slap (Dial.); cf. Scottish sclaff, sclaffert.
• sgliС‰rach (sgliurach, H.S.D.), a slut, gossip, Irish sgliurach. The Gaelic also means "young of the sea-gull till one year old", when they become sgР°ireag.
• sglongaid a snot, spit; See glong.
• sgob
• snatch, bite, sting, Irish sgoballach, a morsel, peice; also Gaelic sgobag, a small wound, a small dram. Seemingly formed from gob, a bill, mout (cf. Old French gobet, morsel, gober, devour, English gobble).
• sgoch gash, make an incision; for scoth; See sgath.
• sgС‚d the corner of a sheet, the sheet of a sail, a sheet-rope, Middle Irish scСѓti, sheets; from Norse skaut, the sheet or corner of square cloth, the sheet rope, a hood, Gothic skauts, hem, English sheet.
• sgog a fool, idler, sgogach, foolish, Irish sgogaire (O'R.), Welsh ysgogyn, fop, flatterer:
• sgС‚id pride, conceit, Irish sgСѓid; Gaelic sgoideas, pageantry, ostentation:
• sgoid drift-wood (Lewis); Norse skiГ°a.
• sgoil
• school, Irish sgoil, Early Irish scol, Welsh ysgol, Breton skol; from Latin schola, whence English school.
• sgoileam loquacity; See sgiolam.
• sgoilt
• split, sgoltadh, splitting, Irish, Middle Irish scoiltim, inf. scoltad, Old Irish siuscoilt, scinde (St.Gal.Incant.), Cornish felja, Breton faouto, split: *sgoltГґ, split, root sqvel; Lithuanian skР№lto, split, skiliС‰, split; Norse skiljan, separate, German schale, shell, English shale, skill; Greek @GskР±llw, hoe, @GskСЉllw, tear.
• sgoim wandering about, skittishness (Hend.); cf. sgaoim.
• sgoinn care, efficacy, neatness:
• sgoirm throat, lower parts of a hill (M`P. Ossian); for latter force, See under sgairneach.
• sgoitich a quack, mountebank:
• sgol rinse, wash; from Norse skola, wash, Swed. skГ¶lja, rinse, wash, Danish skylle.
• sgolb a splinter, Irish sgolb, Middle Irish scolb, a wattle, Welsh ysgolp, splinter, Breton skolp: *skolb-, root skel, skol, split (see sgoilt), fuller root skel-@g; Greek @GkolobСѓs, stunted, @GskСѓloy ( @GskСѓlopos), stake; Swed. skalks, a piece, also Gothic halks, halt, English shelf, spelk (Perrson Zeit.@+ee 290 for Greek and Teutonic).
• sgonn a block of wood, blockhead; sgonn-balaich, lump of a boy: *skotsno-, "section"; from the root of sgath.
• sgonsair an avaricious rascal (M`D.):
• sgop foam, froth (M`D.):
• sgor a mark, notch, Irish sgСѓr; from English score, Norse skor, mark, notch, tally (Gaelic is possibly direct from Norse).
• sgС‚r , sgС‚rr a sharp rock; from Scottish scaur, English scar, cliff, of Scandinavian origin, Norse sker, skerry; Old High German scorra, rock; further English shore, Anglo-Saxon score. See sgeir further.
• sgС‚rnan a throat, Irish scornР±n:
• sgot a spot, blemish, small farm; cf. Scottish shot, a spot or plot of ground.
• sgoth a boat, skiff, a Norway skiff; from Scandinavian - Danish skude, Norse skСЉta, a cutter, small craft. ++sgoth a flower, Irish sgoth; Latin scateo, gush ( St. Zeit.@+33.
• sgrabach rough, ragged, Irish sgrР±bach, sgrabach (Lh.); from English scrap, sgrappy, Norse skrap, scraps.
• sgrabaire the Greenland dove; hence Scottish scraber.
• sgragall gold-foil, spangle ( Sh., Lh., etc.; not M`A. or M`E.), Irish sgragall:
• sgraideag
• small morsel, diminutive woman, Irish sgraideСѓg. M`A. gives sgrР°id, a hag, old cow or mare, and H.S.D. sgraidht (do.). Cf. Scottish scradyn, a puny, sickly child, scrat, a puny person, Norse skratti, wizard, goblin.
• sgraig hit one a blow:
• sgrР°ill (sgraill, H.S.D.), rail at, abuse:
• sgraing a scowling look, niggardliness; Indo-European sqren@go-, shrink; English shrink; Greek @GkrР±mbos, blight.
• sgrР°ist a sluggard, Irish scraiste (Lh., etc.):
• sgrait a shred, rag:
• sgrР°l a host, a large number of minute things (Heb.); cf. sgriothail.
• sgrath outer skin or rind, turf (for roofing, etc.), Irish sgraith, green sward, sod, sgraithim, I pare off the surface, Welsh ysgraf, what pares off, ysgrawen, hard crust; cf. Norse skrР±, dry skin, scroll (*skrava), Scottish scra, a divot (Dumfries).
• sgrathail destructive, Irish, sgraiteamhuil (O'R.):
• sgreab a scab, blotch, crust, Irish sgreabСѓg, a crust; from English scrape?
• sgread a screech, cry, Irish sgread, Middle Irish scret: *skriddo-, Welsh ysgri, root skri, skrei; Old High German scri@-an, cry, German schrei, English scream, screech; Latin screГґ (= screjГґ), a hawk.
• sgreag dry, parch; from the Scandinavian - Norwegian skrekka, shrink, parch, Swed. skraka, a great dry tree, English shrink, scraggy (from Scandinavian).
• sgreamh abhorence, disgust, Irish screamh: *skrimo-, root skri, skrei; Norse skr@oema, scare away, Swed. skrГ¤ma, Danish skr@oemme.
• sgreamh thin scum or rind, ugly skin (M`A.); root skr@. of sgar.
• sgreang a wrinkle: *skrengo-, Indo-European sqren@g, shrink; English shrink (Dr Cameron). See sgraing.
• sgreataidh disgusting, horrible: *skritto-, root skri of sgreamh, q.v. Cf. Norse skrati, a monster, "Old Scratch".
• sgreubh dry up, crack by drought, sgreath (M`A., who has sgreoth, parch as cloth); cf. English shrivel, from a Scandinavian source - base skriv-, Old Northumbrian screpa, pine, Norwegian skrypa, waste; or Scottish scrae, dry, withered person, old withered shoe, Norwegian skrae.
• sgreuch, sgriach a scream, screech, Irish sgrР№ach, Early Irish screch: *skreikГў, root skrei, as in sgread, q.v. English screech, shriek are from the same root (not stem). Welsh ysqrГЄch, seems borrowed from the English
• sgreunach
• shivering (Arran), boisterous (of weather, Arg.): *sqreng-no-; See sgraing.
• sgriach a score, scratch (Dial.); cf. strРЅoch.
• sgribhinn rocky side of a hill or shore (Arms., M`A.); for sgridhinn, from the Norse skriГ°a, pl. skriГ°na, a lnadslip on a hill-side. See sgrРјodan.
• sgrid breath, last breath of life: *skriddi-, root skri of sgread.
• sgrРјob a scratch, furrow, line, Irish scrРЅob, Early Irish scrРЅb, mark, scrРЅpad, scratching; from Latin scribo, write, draw lines, whence also Norse skrifa, scratch, write, Welsh ysgrif, a notch.
• sgrРјobh write, Irish sgrРЅobhaim, Old Irish scrРЅbaim, Welsh ysgrifo, Breton skriva, skrifa; from Latin scribo, write.
• sgrРјodan a stony ravine on a mountain side, track of a mountain torrent, a continuous run of stones on a mountain side; from Norse skriГ°a, pl. skriГ°na, a landslip on a hill-side, skrРЅГ°a, to glide, German shreiten, stride; Prov.English screes, sliding stones, Scottish scriddan (from the Gaelic).
• sgrios destroy, Irish scriosaim, Middle Irish scrisaim: *skrissi- for *skr@.-sti, root skar of sgar, q.v.
• sgriotachan a squalling infant; from scread.
• sgrioth gravel (Islay), sgriothail, a lot of small items (Badenoch) (do.) as of children (Wh.): *skritu-, root sker; cf. English short, Indo-European skr@.dh, little, short.
• sgrС‚b
• scratch, Irish scrobaim: *skrobbo-, from skrob, scratch; Latin scrobis, a ditch, scro@-fa, a pig ("scratcher up"); English scrape; Lettic skrabt, scrape, Church Slavonic skreb, scrape.
• sgrС‚ban a bird's crop, Irish scrobР±n; cf. English crop, German kropf.
• sgrobha a screw, so Irish; from the English
• sgrog the head or side of the head (in ridicule), a hat or bonnet; vb. sgrog, put on the bonnet firmly, scrog; from the Scottish scrog, scrug, English shrug. In the sense of "head" compare sgruigean.
• sgrog , sgrogag anything shrivelled, a shrivelled old woman, old cow or ewe, sgrog, shrivel; from the Scottish scrog, a stunted bush, sgroggy, stunted, English scraggy, Danish skrog, Swed. skrokk, anything shrunken, Norse skrokkr.
• sgroill a peeling or paring, anything torn off; from Scandinavian - Danish skrael, peelings or parings of apples, potatoes, Norse skrРЅll, a mob.
• sgrub hesitate, sgrubail, a hesitating, Irish scrub, hesitate, sgrubalach, scrupulous; from English scruple.
• sgrС‰d examine, search, Irish scrСЉdaim, Old Irish scrСЉtaim; from Latin scrГ»tor, English scrutiny.
• sgruigean neck of a bottle, the neck (in ridicule), Irish sgruigРЅn, neck of a bottle, short-necked person; cf. sgrog.
• sgruit an old shrivelled person, a thin person, Irish sgruta, an old man, sgrutach, lean, sgrut, a contemptible person; cf. Norse skrudda, a shrivelled skin, old scroll.
• sgrС‰than (sgrС‰'an), a shock of corn (Assynt); from Norse skrСЉf, hay-cock.
• sguab a broom or besom, Irish sguab, Early Irish scСЉap, Old Irish scСѓptha, scopata, Welsh ysgub, Breton skuba; from Latin scГґpa.
• sguaigeis coquetry; cf. guag.
• sguainseach hussy, hoyden (Arg.); possibly from Scottish quean: *-quean-seach; cf. siС‰rsach.
• sguan
• slur, scandal (Carm.):
• sguch
• sprain, strain a joint: "spring"; cf. Early Irish scuchim, I depart, root skak, Lithuanian szСѓkti, jump, spring (see sgeun).
• sgud lop, snatch; cf. Welsh ysgГ»th, scud, whisk, English scud, Scottish scoot, squirt, etc. Gaelic is borrowed.
• sgС‰d a cluster:
• sgС‰d a scout; from the English
• sgudal fish-guts, offal; cf. cut.
• sguga coarse clumsy person, sgugach, a soft boorish fellow; See guga.
• sguidilear a scullion; from the Scottish scudler, scudle, cleanse.
• sguids thrash, dress flax, Irish sguitsim; from English scutch.
• sgС‰illear rakish person (Glenmoriston):
• sguir cease, stop, Irish sguirim, Old Irish scorim, desist, unyoke: *skoriГґ, root sker, skor, separate; See sgar.
• sgС‰ird , sgС‰irt the lap, a smock, apron, Irish sguird; from English skirt, Norse skirta, a shirt.
• sguit the foot board in a boat:
• sguit a wanderer (scuРјte, Shaw): Macpherson's scuta, whence he derives Scotti - an invention of his own?
• sgС‰lan a large wicker basket; from Scandinavian - Norse skjСѓla, a bucket, Scottish skeil, tub, skull, shallow basket of oval form. In Sutherland, sgulag means "a basket for holding the linen".
• sgulanach flippant, evil tongued (Carm.):
• sgС‰m
• scum, foam; from Norse skСЉm, foam, Middle English scu@-m, now scum, German schaum, foam.
• sgС‰man a skirt, tawdry head-dress, corn rick; from sgС‰m, "skimmer"? sguman (Arran).
• sgumrag a fire-shovel, a Cinderella:
• sgС‰r
• scour, Irish sgСЉraim; from the English.
• sgС‰rr
• sharp hill; Heb. for sgorr.
• sРј
• she, Irish, Old Irish sРЅ; See i.
• sia
• six, Irish sР№; See sРё.
• siab wipe, sweep along, puff away, Irish sРјobadh, blowing into drifts; *sveibbo-, root wveib, English sweep; Norse sveipr, sweep, English sweep. Also siabh, Hence siaban, sand drift, sea-spray.
• siabh a dish of stewed periwinkles (Heb.):
• siabhas idle ceremony:
• siabhrach a fairy, sРјobhrag (Arran), siobhrag (Shaw), sРјbhreach (M`A.), Irish siabhra, Early Irish siabrae, siabur, fairy, ghost, Welsh hwyfar in Gwenhwyfar, Guinevere (?): *seibro-:
• siabunn , sРјopunn
• soap, Irish siabhainn (fol.), Welsh sebon; from Latin sapo(n), from Teutonic saipГґ, whence English soap, German seife, Norse sР±pa.
• siach
• sprain, strain a joint:
• siachair a pithless wretch; another form of sРјochair.
• siad a stink: *seiddo-, blow; See sР№id. Cf. English shite.
• siad
• sloth, Irish siadhail, sloth:
• sian a scream, soft music (Carm.), Irish sian, voice, shout, sound, Early Irish sian: *svГЄno-, which Stokes (Zeit.@+28 59) explains as *sesveno-, root sven, sound (see seinn).
• sian a pile of grass, beard of barley, Irish, Early Irish sion, foxglove, Welsh ffion, digitalis, ffuon, foxglove, Old Welsh fionou, roses, Breton foeonnenn, privet. Stokes gives the Celtic as *(p)ГЄГўno-. Gadelic might be allied to Latin spГ®na, thorn.
• sian a charm; See seun.
• sian
• storm, rain, Irish sРЅon, weather, season, storm, Old Irish sРЅn, tempestas, Welsh hin, weather, Middle Breton hynon, fair weather: *sГЄnГў; root sГЄ (sГЄi) as in sРјn, sРјor; Norse seinn, slow, late, Middle High German seine, slowly, English sith, since.
• sianan , breac-shianain freckles; from sian, foxglove? See seunan.
• siar westward, aside, Irish siar, Old Irish sРЅar; from s-iar, See iar, west, and s- under suas.
• siaranachadh languishing, siarachd, melancholy (Dial.); from siar, "going backwards"?
• siasnadh wasting, dwining (Suth.):
• siatag rheumatism; from Latin sciatica.
• sibh you, ye, Irish sibh, Old Irish sib, si, Welsh chwi, Old Welsh hui, Cornish why, Breton c'houi: *sves, for s-ves (Brug.; Stokes has *svГЄs); Greek @Gsfw@nГЇ, you two, Gothic izvis (iz-vis); the ves is allied to Latin vos. The form sibh is for *svi-svi.
• sic the prominence of the belly ( H.S.D.), peritoneum ( M`A.):
• sicear particle, grain (Carm.):
• sicir wise, steady; from Scottish sicker, Middle English siker, from Latin securus, now English sure. Welsh sicr is from Middle English
• sРјd weather, peasceful weather after storm, tide: *sizdi-, "settling", root sed, sit? Irish has sРЅde in the sense of "blast", from sР№id. Also tРјd, which suggests borrowing from Norse tРЅГ°, tide, time, English tide.
• sil drop, distil, Irish silim, perf. siblais, stillavit, Breton sila, passez: *sviliГґ. Stokes gives the root as stil, Latin stillo, drop, Greek @GstРЅlc (do.). Hence silt, a drop. Cf. English spill; *spild, destroy, spoil.
• sile
• spittle, saliva, Irish seile, Old Irish saile, Welsh haliw, Breton hal, halo: *salivГў (Stokes); Latin saliva. Stokes says that they appear to be borrowed from Latin, while Wharton thinks the Latin is borrowed from Gaulish.
• sРјliche a lean, pithless creature: "seedy", from sРјol?
• simid a mallet, beetle, Irish siomaide:
• similear a chimney, Irish seimileur, simnear, simne; from English, Scottish chimley, English chimney.
• simleag a silly woman; from silpidh.
• silpidh
• simple, Irish simplidhe, silly, simple; from Latin simplex, whence English simple, Welsh syml.
• sin that, Irish, Old Irish sin, Old Welsh hinn, Welsh hyn, hwn, hon, Cornish hen, hon (fem.), Breton hen, Gaulish sosin (= so-sin); from root so (sjo), as in -sa, so, q.v.
• sРјn
• stretch, Irish, Old Irish sРЅnim: *sГЄno-, root sГЄ, mittere, let go; Latin sino, situs; Greek @Gi@`cmi, send. Cf. sРјr (from *sГЄro-, long). Allied is root sГЄi, sei, si, mittere, Norse sРЅГ°r, long, seinn, slow, Lithuanian seinyti, reach.
• sine a teat, Irish, Early Irish sine, triphne, tree-teated: *svenio- for *spenio-, root spen of Lithuanian spe@?ny/s, udder teat, Old Prussian spenis, teat, Norse speni, teat, Dutch speen, udder, Scottish spain, wean.
• sineubhar gin, juniper tree (Suth.); French geniГЄvre.
• sinn we, us, Irish sinn, Early Irish sinn, sinne, Old Irish ni, sni, snisni, sninni, Welsh ni, nyni, Cornish ny, nyni, Breton ni: *nes (Brug.; Stokes gives nГЄs), accusative form, allied to Latin nГґs, Sanskrit nas, Greek @Gnw/. The s of sni is due to analogy with the s of sibh, or else prothetic (cf. is-sР№, he is).
• sinnsear ancestors, Irish sinnsear, ancestors, an elder person, Early Irish sinser, elder, ancestor: *senistero-, a double comparative form (like Latin minister, magister) from sean, old, q.v.
• sРјnte plough traces, from sРјn.
• sРјnteag a skip, pace; from sРјn.
• sРјob drift as snow (M`A.); See siab.
• siobag a blast of the mouth, puff, Irish siobСѓg; cf. siab.
• sРјoban foam on crest of waves; See siaban.
• sРјobail fish, angle (M`A.), sРјoblach, fishing:
• siobhag a straw, candle wick:
• sioblach a long streamer, long person (M`A.); from siab?
• sРјobhalta civil, peaceful, Irish sibhealta, from Irish sРЅothamhuil, peaceable, Early Irish sРЅdamail. Borrowing from English civil has been suggested (Celt.Mag.@+12 169).
• sРјochaint peace, Irish sРЅochР±in, peace, sРЅothchР±nta, peaceful, sРЅodhchan, atonement, Middle Irish sРЅdchanta, peaceful; from sРЅth.
• sРјochair a dwarf, fairy, Middle Irish sidhcaire, fairy host, sРЅthcuiraibh (dat.pl.), Early Irish sРЅthchaire; from sРЅth, fairy, and cuire, host (German heer, army, English herald).
• sРјoda
• silk, Irish sРЅoda, Early Irish sРЅta, Welsh sidan; from Late Latin sГЄta, silk from Latin sГЄta, a bristle, hair; whence Anglo-Saxon sРЅde, silk, English satin.
• sРјogach pale, ill-coloured, Irish sРЅogach, streaked, ill-coloured, sРЅog, a streak, a shock of corn:
• siogach greasy ( M`A.), lazy ( M`F.):
• siogaid a starveling, lean person; from Latin siccus?
• sРјol
• seed, Irish sРЅol, Old Irish sРЅl, semen, Welsh hil: *sГЄlo-n, root sГЄ, sow; Latin sГЄmen; English seed, German saat; Lithuanian pa-se@?ly/s, a sowing.
• siola a gill; from the English
• siola a wooden collar for a plough horse; from Scandinavian - Swed. sela, a wooden collar, Norse seli, harness, sili, a strap, Scottish sele, a wooden collar to tie cattle to the stalls.
• siola a syllable, Irish siolla, Early Irish sillab; from Latin syllaba, whence English syllable.
• sРјoladh
• straining, filtering, Irish sРЅolthughadh, Early Irish sithlad, Welsh hidlo, hidl, a filter; also Old Irish sРЅthal = Latin situla, a bucket; from Latin situla (Stokes Lismre). Gaelic sРјoladh, also means "sibsiding", and leans for its meaning, if not its origin, upon sРјth, peace.
• sРјolag a sand-eel:
• siolc
• snatch, pilfer:
• siolgach lazy, swarfish:
• sioll a tun, rotation (M`A.), Welsh chwyl; See seal. Cf. Irish siolla, whiff, glint, syllable; root of seal.
• sРјolta a teal, small wild duck; from English teal?
• sРјoman a rop of straw or hay; from the Norse sima, g.pl. sРЅmna, a rope, cord, Scottish simmonds, heather ropes (Orkneyu), Teutonic *sГ®mon-, Anglo-Saxon sРЅma, fetter, Shet. simmen; Greek @Gi@`monРЅa ( i long), well rope; Indo-European sГ®mon-, a bond, band, seio-, bind.
• siomlach
• see seamlach.
• sРјon
• something, anything; also "weather", for sian, whence possibly this meaning of "anything" comes.
• sionadh lord (M`Pherson's Fingal@+1, 341): if genuine, the root may be sen, old; cf. Latin senior, now English sir.
• sionn phosphorescent, solus sionn, phosphorus, also teine-sionnachain. For root See sionnach.
• sionnach valve of bellows, pipe-reed, pРјob-shionnaich, Irish bagpipe. From root spend, swing, play, Sanskrit spand, move quickly. Greek @GsfedСѓnc, sling, Latin pendeo, hang, English pendulum.
• sionnach a fox, so Irish, Early Irish sinnach, sindach, Old Irish sinnchenae, vulpecula:
• sionnsar bagpip chanter, Irish siunsoir; from the English chanter.
• siop despise; cuir an siop, turn tail on (Hend.); See sРёap.
• sРјopunn
• soap; See siabunn.
• sРјor long, continual, Irish sРЅor, Old Irish sРЅr, comparative sРЅa, Welsh hir, compar. hwy, Cornish, Breton hir: *sГЄro-s; Latin sГЄrus, late, French soir, evening, English soiree; Sanskrit sГўyР±, evening. See sian, sРјn.
• siorra ( M`A., M`E.), siorraimh, siorram ( H.S.D.), a sheriff, siorrachd, siorramachd, county, Irish sirriamh, Middle Irish sirriam; from Middle English shirreve, now sheriff, "shire-reeve". The Scottish is shirra usually.
• siorradh a deviation, onset: *sith-rad, from sith?
• sРјorruidh eternal, Irish sРЅorruidhe; from *sРЅr-rad, eternity, sРјor.
• sРјos down, Irish sРЅos, Old Irish sРЅs: *s-РЅs, from s- (see suas) and РЅs, or ++Рјos, q.v.
• siosar a scissors, Irish siosur; from the English
• siota a blackguard, a pet; from Scottish shit.
• sir
• search, Irish sirim (sРЅrim, Con.), Early Irish sirim: *s(p)eri-, root sper, foot it; Norse spyrja, ask, track, Scottish spere, ask after, German spГјren, trace, track, also further English spur; Latin sperno (English spurn allied), etc. The vowel of sir is short (otherwise Stokes' Dict., Rhys Manx Pray.@+2 71, who compares Welsh chwilio.
• siris , sirist a cherry, Irish siris, Welsh ceirios; from Middle English *cheris, from Old French cerise, Latin cerasus, Greek @GkР№rasos.
• siteag a dunghill; from the English Cf. Norse saeti.
• sith a stride, onset, a dart to, Irish sidhe, gust, Middle Irish sith, onset; cf. Irish sith-, intensive prefix (O'Don. Greek 277), *setu-, seti-, may be root es, @GetumСѓs (Bez.@+21 123), Early Irish sith, long, Welsh hyd, to, as far as, Old Welsh hit, longitudo, usque ad, Breton hed, length, during: *seti, root sГЄ, as in sРјor, long (Stokes). Cf. Norse sРЅГ°r, long, English sith; root sit.
• sРјth peace, Irish sРЅth, sРЅoth, Early Irish sРЅth, Old Irish sРЅd: *sГЄdos (neut. s stem), root sed (sГЄd) of suidhe, q.v.; Latin sГЄdo, settle; Lithuanian se@?dР±ti, sit. Welsh hedd, peace, is from se@ud.
• sРјth a fairy, sРјthich (do.), Irish sРЅdh, a fairy hill, sРЅgh, a fairy, sРЅgheСѓg (do.), Old Irish sРЅde, dei terreni, whose dwelling is called sРЅd; in fact, sРЅde, the fairy powers, is the pl. (ge. s. ?) of sРЅd, fairy dwelling or mound, while its gen. sing. appears in mnР± sРЅde, fir sРЅde: *sГЄdos, g. sГЄdesos, as in the case of sРјth, peace, which is its homonym (Stokes); root se, sГЄd, Greek @Ge@`dos, a temple or statue, literally an "abode" or "seat"; Latin noven-sides, noven-siles, the new gods imported to Rome. Thurneysen has compared Latin sГ®dus, a constellation, "dwelling of the gods". Hence sРјthean, a green knoll, fairy knoll.
• sithionn venison, Irish sРЅdh, and sРЅdheann (O'R.), Middle Irish sieng, sideng, deer, Welsh hyddgig (= "stag's flesh"), from hydd, stag, red deer: *sedi-, deer; to which is to be referred Middle Irish segh (= agh allaidh, O'Cl.), Early Irish sР№g (= oss allaidh, Corm.).
• sitig the rafter of a kiln laid across, on which the corn is dried:
• sitinn roller for a boat:
• sitir , sitrich neighing, Irish sitreach: cf. sР№id, blow (*svid-tri-).
• siubhal walking, so Irish, Middle Irish siubal, for *siumal, Welsh chwyf, motus, chwyfu, move, stir, Middle Breton fifual, now finval, stir; root svem, move; Old High German, Anglo-Saxon swimman, English swim. Cf. Welsh syflyd, move, stir.
• siubhla
• see luighe-siubhla.
• siuc a word by which horses are called:
• siucar (siС‰car, H.S.D.), sugar, Irish siСЉcra, Welsh sugr; from Middle English sugre, French sucre.
• siС‰dadh
• swinging; from Scottish showd, swing, waddle, Old Sax. skuddian, shake, Old Dutch schudden (do.), English shudder.
• siug call to drive away hens; cf. English shoo!
• siunas lovage plant; See sunais.
• sРјup a tail, appendage; cf. sРёap.
• siС‰rsach a whore; from the English, with the Gaelic fem. termination -seach (see С‚innseach).
• siuthad
• say away, begin, go on: *seo-tu, "here you", from so and tu? Cf. trobhad, thugad.
• slabhag pith of a horn: Scottish sluch?
• slabhagan a kind of reddish sea-weed, sloke, Irish slabhacР±n; from English sloke, Scottish sloke, slake.
• slabhcar a slouching fellow (Suth.), a taunter; from Norse slСѓkr, slouching fellow, whence English slouch.
• slabhraidh a chain, Irish slabhra, Old Irish slabrad: *slab-rad, from slab, root la@g, of Greek @GlambР±nw, I take, catch, English latch.
• slachd thrash, beat, Irish slacairim; root slag, sleg, or sl@.g, Early Irish sligim, beat, strike, slacc, sword: *slegГґ, beside Indo-European slak as in Gothic slaha, strike, German schlagen (do.), English slay (Stokes for sligim); further Latin lacerare, lacerate, Greek @GlakРЅzw, tear (Kluge). Hence slachdan, beetle, rod.
• slad theft, Irish slad, Middle Irish slat: *sladdo-. Stokes gives the Celtic as *stlatt-, allied to Latin stlГўta (stlatta), pirate ship, and English steal. The modern forms point to Gadelic *sladdo-, for *stl@.-ddo-, allied to English steal?
• sladhag a sheaf of corn ready to be thrashed (H.S.D.):
• sladhaigeadh a kind of custard spread over bread (M`D.):
• slag a hollow (Lewis); Norse slakki, slope, North English hollow.
• slР°ib mire; See lР°ban. Skeat refers English slab, slime, but it is likely native (cf. slop, etc.).
• slaid a minificent gift:
• slaightear , slaoightear a rogue, Irish sloitire, rogue, sloitireachd, roguery, Middle Irish sleteoracht, theft (O'Cl.); from slad (Irish sloit), rob.
• slaim great booty, a heap: from the Scottish slam, a share or possession acquired not rightly, slammach, to seize anything not entirely by fair means, Swed. slama, heap together.
• slais lash; from the English
• slam a lock of hair or wool, Irish slР±m, Early Irish slamm: *slags-men, Greek @GlР±hos, wool, @GlР±hnc, down (otherwise Prellwitz, who refers Greek to *vl@.k-snГў, root vel of olann, q.v.
• slaman curdled milk, Irish slamanna, clots, flakes (O'Cl.), Early Irish slaimred (na fola). Cf. lommen, gulp.
• slР°n healthy, whole, Irish, Old Irish slР±n: *sl@-@.-no- (Brug.), *s@?lГўno-s (Stokes); Latin salvus (= sl@-@.-vo-, Brug.), safe, solidus, firm English solid; Greek @Go@`los, whole (= @GsСѓlFos); English silly, originally meaning "blessed", German selig, blessed; Sanskrit sР±rvas, whole, all. Welsh, Breton holl is referred here by Stokes, etc., more immediately allied to Latin sollus, whole, all.
• slaod drag, trail, Irish slaodaim, draw after, slide, slaod, a raft, float, Early Irish slР±et, a slide: *sloiddo-, Celtic root sleid, slid; Welsh litthro, English slide, Anglo-Saxon slРЅdan, German schlitten, slide, sledge (n.); Lithuanian slidС‰s, smooth, Greek @Go@'liscanw, *slid-d-. Stokes explains the d of slaod as for dd, from -dnСѓ-: *slaidh-nСѓ-.
• slaop parboil, slaopach, parboiled, slovenly, Irish slaopach, lukewarm (O'R.); also slaopair, a sloven, for which See slapach.
• slapach , slР°pach
• slovenly, Irish slapach, slovenly, slapar, a trail or train; from Scandinavian - Norse slР±pr, a good-for-nothing, slaepa, vestis promissa et laxa (Jamieson), sloppr, English slop, Scottish slaupie, slovenly, Dutch slap, slack, remiss, German schlaff.
• slapraich din, noise; from English slap.
• slat a rod, twig, Irish slat, Middle Irish slat, slatt, Welsh llath, yslath, Breton laz: *slattГў; English lath is from Welsh Middle English latte, Anglo-Saxon laetta, Old High German latta, German latte are also Celtic borrows, French latte (Thurneysen), but Kluge regards them as cognate.
• sleabhag mattock for digging up carrots, etc. (Carm.); sleidheag, kind of ladle (Lewis); cf. Norse sleif.
• sleagh a spear, so Irish, Early Irish sleg: *sl@-@.gГў; Sanskrit sr@.j, hurl, sling.
• sleamacair
• sly person (Lewis); cf. Norse slaemr, bad.
• sleamhan
• stye (Carm.):
• sleamhuinn
• slippery, smooth, Irish sleamhuin, Old Irish slemon, Welsh llyfn, smooth, Old Breton limn (in compounds): *slib-no-s, root slib, sleib; Norse sleipr, slippery, English slip, slippery; Greek @Go@'librСѓs, @GlibrСѓs, slippery. See sliabh also.
• slР№igeil dilatory, sleugach, drawling, slow, sly; also leug, laziness; from the Scottish sleek?
• slР№isneadh back-sliding (Heb.): *sleiГ°-s-, root of slaod and English slide?
• sleuchd kneel, Irish slР№achdain, Old Irish slР№chtaim; frpom Latin flecto.
• sliabh a moor, mountain, Irish sliabh, mountain, Old Irish slРЅab: *sleibos, root sleib, slib, glide, down, Indo-European slei@go-; English slope, from slip, Norse sleipr, slippery; See sleamhuinn. Welsh llwyf, platform, loft, seems allied to Gaelic sliabh.
• sliachdair
• spread any soft substance by trampling, daub: *sleikto-, sleig, Norse slРЅkr, smooth, English sleek, German schlick, grease, the original idea being "greasy", like soft mud. Cf. Early Irish sliachtad, smoothing, preening.
• sliasaid , sliasad (sliaisd, Dial.), thigh, Irish sliasad, Old Irish sliassit, poples: a diphthongal form of the root of slis, q.v.
• slibist a sloven; cf. Irish sliobair, drag along; from English slip, sloven.
• slige a scale of a balance, a shell, Irish slige, a grisset, shell, Old Irish slice, lanx, ostrea: *sleggio-, root sleg, for which cf. slachd.
• slighe a way, Irish slighe, Early Irish slige, g. sliged: *sleget-, root sleg of Irish sligim, I. strike (ro sligsetar, ro selgatar rotu, they hewed out ways). See slachd further.
• slinn a weaver's sley or reed, Irish slinn, a sley, Middle Irish slind, pecten, also slige, pecten, which suggests for slinn a stem: *sleg-s-ni-, sleg being the same root as that of slighe and slachd. Cf. English sley allied to slay, smite. Stokes refers both Old Irish slind, tile and weaver's sley, to the root splid, splind, English split, splint. See slinnean and sliseag further.
• slinnean
• shoulder blade, shoulder, Irish slinneР±n, Middle Irish slindР№n: cf. Old Irish slind, imbrex, tile, Irish slinn, slate, tile, also Early Irish slind-gР№r, smooth-sharp, slate-polished (?), slinnd-glanait, whetstone-cleaned: *slindi-, root slid, sleid, smooth, glide, English slide, Lithuanian slidС‰s, smooth. Stokes refers slind, imbrex, to the root splid, splind, split, English split, splint; See sliseag.
• slРјob
• stroke, rub, lick, Irish sliobhaim, polish, Middle Irish slipthe, whettened, slibad, whetting, Welsh yslipan, burnish; from Norse or Anglo-Saxon - Norse slРЅpa, whet, make sleek, Anglo-Saxon slРЅpan, slip, glide, Middle L.German slРЅpen, sharpen, Middle Dutch slijpen, polish, sharpen.
• sliochd posterity, tribe, Irish sliochd, Middle Irish slicht, trace, track, Old Irish slict, vestigium: *slektu-, root sleg of slighe and slachd. For similar origin, cf. German geschlecht, race, lineage.
• slРјogach
• sly, Irish slРЅogach, sleek, fawning, slРЅgthech, sly; from English, Scottish sleek, Norse slРЅkr, smooth; Indo-European slei@g, glide ( See sliabh).
• slРјom
• sleek, slippery, slim, the buttercup (Carm.), Irish slРЅomaim flatter, smooth, gloss over; from English slim, sly, crafty, slender, now "slim", Scottish slim, naughty, slim o'er, gloss over, Old Dutch slim, awry, crafty, German schlimm, bad, cunning. Hence Gaelic slРјomaire, weakling, craven.
• sliop a lip, blubber lip; from English lip.
• slios the side of a man or beast, flank, Irish slios, Old Irish sliss, pl. slessa, Welsh ystlis: *stlisti-, root stel, extend, Latin stlГўtus, lГўtus, wide, Church Slavonic stelja, spread.
• slis , sliseag a chip, Irish slis, sliseСѓg, Early Irish sliss: *slissi-, from *splid-s-ti, root splid. English split, splice, splint, German spleissen, etc. English slice has been compared, English slit, root slid, which could also produce the Gadelic forms.
• slisneach a plant like the slan-lus (Carm.):
• sloc a pit, slough, Irish sloc: *slukko-, for *slug-ko-, root slug, swallow, as in slug, q.v. Skeat derives hence Anglo-Saxon slСѓh, English slough. German schlucht, hollow, ravine, is referred by Kluge to the root slup, lubricus.
• slod a puddle, Irish slod; See lod.
• slС‚can
• sloke; from the Scottish or English sloke.
• sloinn
• surname, Irish sloinnim, I. name, Old Irish slondim, name, significo, slond, significatio, Old Welsh islinnit, profatur, Middle Welsh cy-stlwn, family and clan name, Welsh ystlyned, kindred, ystlen, sex: *stlondo-, *stlondiГґ, I speak, name.
• sloisir dash, beat against sea-like, daub; from Scottish slaister, bedaub, a wet liquid mass, to move clumsily through a miry road, also slestir (Badenoch Dial. sleastair, bedaub).
• sluagh people, Irish sluagh, Old Irish sluag, slСѓg, Welsh llu, Cornish lu, Gaulish slГґgi, in Catu-slogi: *slougo-s, cf. Slavonic sluga, a servant, Lithuanian slauginti.
• sluaisreadh act of mixing (lime, etc.) with a shovel; See sluasaid. Cf. English slubber.
• sluasaid a shovel, Irish sluasad, a paddle, a shovel:
• slug
• swallow, slugadh (inf.), Irish slugaim, Early Irish slucim, slocim: *sluggГґ, root slug, lug, swallow; German schlucken, to swallow, Middle High German slucken: Greek @GlСЉzw, @GluggaРЅnw, have the hiccup. Welsh llwnc, gullet, a gulp, llyncu, to swallow, Old Breton ro-luncas, guturicavit, m.Breton lloncaff are allied to Early Irish longad, now longadh, eating, which is a nasalised form of the root slug, lug.
• smachd authority, correction, Irish smachd, Old Irish smacht, Middle Irish smachtaigim, I enjoin, smacht, fine for breaking the law: *smaktu-, from s-mag, root mag, Indo-European magh, be strong; English may, Gothic magan, be able; Greek @Gmc@nhos, means (see mac).
• smad a particle, jot: "spot, stain" (see smod). From Scottish smad, smot, a stain, English smut. Irish has smadР±n, soot, smut. Cf. also Middle Irish smot, a scrap, Irish smotР±n, a block, Welsh ysmot, patch, spot.
• smР±d threaten, intimidate, boast:
• smР°g, smС‚g a paw; See smС‚g.
• smal dust, spot, blemish, Irish smР±l, smСѓl; root smal, mal (smel, mel), Lithuanian smР±lkas, dust, sme@?lynas, sand field, smelalis, sand, Lettic smelis, water sand, Gothic mР±lma, sand, Norse melr, sand hill, English mole.
• slР°l
• snuff a candle, Irish smР±l, embers, snuff of candle; cf. smal.
• smalag the young saith or cuddie:
• smaoin think; See smuain.
• smarach a lad, a growing youth (Badenoch); root smar, from mar, mer, Greek @Gmei@nraz, boy, Sanskrit maryakР±s, a mannie, mР±ryas, young man, Lithuanian marti, bride; also Welsh morwyn, girl, merch, daughter, Breton merc'h. Cf. Aran Irish marlach, child of two to five years, either sex.
• smarag an emerald, Irish smaragaid; from Latin smaragdus, whence through French comes English emerald.
• smeachan the chin, Irish smeach, smeachan, Early Irish smech: *smekГў; Lithuanian smakrР°, Lettic smakrs, chin, palate; Sanskrit c@.maГ§ru, moustache.
• smeadairneach a slumber, slight sleep:
• smeallach , smealach remains, offals, dainties:
• smРёid beckon, nod, Irish smР№idim, beckon, nod, hiss: *smeiddi-, root smeid, smile, Greek @GmeidР±w, smile, Prussian smaida, a smile, English smile. Welsh amneidio, beckon, nod, Old Welsh enmeituou, nutus, Old Breton enmetiam, innuo, do not agree in vowel with Gadelic.
• smeileach pale, ghastly, smeilean, a pale, puny person; cf. meileach.
• smeС‚irn the end of an arrow next the bowstring, smeorine, back end of arrow head ( Wh.), Irish smeirne, a spit, broach ( Sh., O'R.):
• smeСѓrach a thrush, Irish smСѓlach, smСѓl, Middle Irish smolach; Welsh mwyalch, blackbird, Cornish moelh, Breton moualch: *smugal-, *smugl-, from mug (see mС‰ch)? Stokes derives Welsh mwyalch, blackbird, from *meisalko-, German meise, English tit-mouse.
• smeur , smiar anoint, smear, Irish smР№araim, grease, smear; from the English For root See smior.
• smeur , smiar a bramble berry, Irish smeur, Early Irish smР№r, Welsh mwyaren, Breton mouar (pl.):
• smeuraich grope; from meur.
• smid a syllable, opening of the mouth, a word, Irish smid: *smiddi-, root smid, smeid, smile, laugh, as in smР№id?
• smig the chin, Irish smig, Middle Irish smeice (O'C.): *smeggi-, for *smek-gi, root smek, as in smeachan?
• smigeadh a smile, smiling, Irish smig, smigeadh: *smi@uggi, root smi, smile, for which See smРёid. Also mРјog, q.v.
• smiodan
• spirit; from Scottish smeddum.
• smiolamus refuse of a feast (M'A.); See smolamas.
• smior , smear marrow, Irish smior, Early Irish smir, g. smera, Welsh mer: *smeru-; Old High German smero, grease, Anglo-Saxon smeoru, lard, English smear, Norse smjo@urr, butter.
• smiot throw in the air with one hand and strike with the other; formed on English smite.
• smiotach crop-eared, short-chinned (R.D.), Irish smiot, ear:
• smiС‰r
• smear; from the Scottish smear, English smear. See smeur.
• smod dirt, dust, also (according to M`A.) drizzling raid; from Scottish smot, English smut. See smad.
• smodal
• sweepings, crumbs, fragments, smattering, Middle Irish smot, a scrap; cf. smod.
• smС‚g , smР°g a paw; cf. Norse smjС‰ga, creep through a hole, Anglo-Saxon smСЉgan, creep, English smuggle. For smР°g, See also mР°g.
• smolamas trash, fragments of victuals; cf. strolamas, brolamas.
• smuain a thought, Irish smuaineadh, Middle Irish smuained: *smoudn-, root smoud, moud; Gothic gamaudjan, remind, cause to remember; Church Slavonic mysli@u-, thought (Strachan). Cf. Middle Irish muaidnig, thought.
• smuairean grief, dejection: *smoudro-, root smoud of above?
• smuais marrow, juice of the bones, Irish smuais, marrow, Early Irish smuas:
• smuais
• smash, Irish smuais, in shivers, in pieces; from English smash.
• smС‰c a snivel, a nasal sound (smС‰ch, M`A.); for root, See smug (s-mГ»c-c).
• smС‰can
• smoke, drizzle; from English smoke.
• smС‰dan a particle of dust; See smod.
• smС‰dan a small block of wood, Irish smotan, stock, block, log:
• smС‰dan
• smoke; See smС‰id.
• smug
• snot, spittle, smugaid, spittle, Irish smug, smugaid: *smuggo-, root smug, mug, mucus; Latin emungo, wipe the nose. The root mu@g is a by-form of muq, mucus, seen in Latin mucus, etc.; for which See muc.
• smС‰id
• smoke, Irish smСЉid, Early Irish smСЉit, smСЉtgur, smСЉtcheo: *smСЉddi-, root smud. Cf. English smut, German schmutz, dirt; which Zem. thinks the Gadelic borrowed from, though the meaning makes this unlikely. There are three allied roots on European ground denoting "smoke" -- smГ»gh (Greek @Gsmu@-/hw, smoulder), smСЉg, or smaug (English smoke) and smГ»d (Gaelic smС‰id).
• smuig a snout, the face (in ridicule): from the English mug, ugly face.
• smuilc glumness, dejection; Middle Irish smuilcРЅn, a small snout: "snoutyness".
• smС‰rach dross, peat dross, smС‰ir, dust, a particle of dust, smС‰irnean, a mote; cf. Scottish smurach, peat dross, smore, smurr, a drizzling rain, Middle English smСѓre, dense smoke, English smother (= smorther), Old Dutch smoor. O'R. has smur from Sh., and K.Meyer translates Middle Irish smur-chimilt as "grind to dust".
• smС‰sach extracting the juice from (Suth.):
• smut a bill, snout, Irish smut, a large flat nose, snout:
• snag a little audible knock, a wood pecker (snagan-daraich), Irish snag, hiccup; cf. English snock, a knock, and snagaireachd. Irish snag, snagardarach, snaghairdara, a wood pecker, seems from snaidh.
• snagaireachd cutting or hacking wood with a knife; from Dial.English snagger, a tool for snagging or cutting off snags, that is branches, knots, etc., Scottish snagger-snee, a large knife, snicker-snee, sneg, snag, cut off branches.
• snagarra active; from the above roots; cf. snasmhor.
• snaidh hew, chip, shape, Irish snoighim, snaidhim (O'D.), Early Irish snaidim, snaisi, peeled, Welsh naddu, hew, chip, cut. Old Cornish nedim, ascia (Welsh neddyf, neddai, adze, Breton eze, neze), Middle Breton ezeff: *snadГґ; German schnat, border, schnate, a young twig, Swiss schnГ¤tzen, cut, Swab. schnatte, an incision in wood or flesh (Bez. apud Stokes). Strachan suggests the root sknad, Greek @GknadР±llw, scratch, @Gknwdw/nn, tooth (see cnР°mh). Hence snas, regularity.
• snР°ig creep; from Scottish snaik, sneak in walking, etc., snaikin, sneaking, English sneak, snake. Cf. Irish snaighim, I creep.
• snaim a knot, Irish snaidhm, Early Irish snaidm, d. snaidmaimm, naidm, bond, nexus: *nadesmen, root ned, bind, Indo-European nedh; Sanskrit nah, tie, naddha-s, tied; German nestel, lace, Old High German nestila, a band; Latin nГґdus, for noz-dos, a knot. See nasg.
• snР°mh
• swim, Irish snР±mhaim, Early Irish snР±m (inf.), ro snСѓ, swam, Welsh nawf, natatio, nofio (vb.), Middle Breton neuff, Breton neunv: *snГўmu, (n.), snГўГґ, I swim; Latin no, nГўre; Greek @nР±w, flow; Sanskrit snГўti, bathe, float.
• snaodh head, chief; ceann-snaodh, head chief (Carm.):
• snaois a slice, piece; cf. Early Irish snaisse, cut, caesus, from snaidh.
• snaoisean
• snuff, Irish snaoisРЅn, snРЅsРЅn; from English sneezing in sneesing powder, the old name for snuff, Scottish sneeshin, sneezin.
• snaomanach a strong, robust fellow, Irish snaomР±nach, stout, jolly fellow, hearty: "knotty", from *snadm- of snaim?
• snaoidh a bier, Irish snaoi:
• snap the trigger of a gun; from the English snap.
• snas regularity, elegance, Irish snas: "goot cut", from snad of snaidh; Early Irish snass, a cut.
• snР°th thread, Irish snР±th, Old Irish snР±the, Welsh ysnoden, lace, fillet, noden, thread, Cornish noden, snod, vitta, Breton neudenn: *snГўtio-, *snГўto-n, root snГў, snГЄ, wind, spin; Sanskrit snГўyu, sinew, bow-string; Greek @Geu@'/nnctos, well-spun; German schnur, lace, tie. See the allied snРјomh and snР°thad.
• snР°thad a needle, Irish snР±thad, Old Irish snР±that, Welsh nodwydd, Old Cornish notuid, Breton nadoz, nadoez: *snatantГў, snГўteijГў, from snГўt of snР°th above; cf. English needle, Gothic nГЄГѕla, Old High German nГўdala, German nadel.
• sneachd
• snow, so Irish, Old Irish snechta, pl. snechti, nives, Welsh nyf: *sniqtaio-, *snibi- (Welsh), Indo-European sni@gh, snei@gh; Gothic snaiws, English snow, German schnee; Latin nix, nivis; Greek @GnРЅfa (acc.), @GnРЅfei, it snows; Lithuanian sniГ±ga (vb.), snГ«/gas, snow; Zend. Г§nizh.
• sneadh a nit, Irish sneagh, Old Irish sned, Welsh nedd, nits, Cornish, nedhan, Breton nezenn: *sknidГў; Anglo-Saxon hnitu, English nit, German niss; Greek @GkСѓnides, nits.
• snicean a stitch of clothing (Arg.):
• snigh drop, fall in drops, ooze through in drops, Irish snidhim, Early Irish snigim, Welsh di-nГ«u, effundere, Breton di-nou, melt, thaw, Indo-European snei@gho-, wet; Sanskrit snih, snР№hati, to be humid. Allied to sneachd.
• snРјomh
• spin, wind, twist, Irish snРЅomhaim, Middle Irish snРЅmaire, a spindle. snРЅm, spinning: *snГЄmu-, root, snГЄ, nГЄ; Greek @Gnc@nma, yarn. See snР°th further. Welsh has nyddu, nere, Cornish nethe, Breton nezaff. In the sense of "sadness", there is Early Irish snРЅm, distress, Breton niff, chagrin.
• snС‚d affix a fishing hook to the line, Manx snooid; from Scottish snood, the hair line to which the hook is attached, a fillet, Anglo-Saxon snСѓd, fillet, English snood.
• snodan rapid motion of a boat.
• snodha , snodha gР°ire a smile; See snuadh.
• snodhach
• sap of a tree; root snu, flow, Irish snuadh, a stream, Greek @GnР№w, swim, English snot, Norse snСЉa, turn, Gothic sniwan, go.
• snoigeas testiness; from Scottish snog, snag, snarl, flout.
• snot
• smell, snuff the wind, turn up the nose in smelling; founded on English snout.
• snuadh hue, appearance, beauty, Irish snuadh, Middle Irish snСЉad; root snu, flow, as in Early Irish snuad, hair, head of hair, Irish snuadh, stream (see snodhach).
• so here, this, Irish so, Early Irish, P.Irish seo, so: *sjo- (beside *so, as in -sa, -se), Sanskrit syР±, sР±, the, this, German sie, she, they, Old High German siu, she (= Sanskrit sya@-/, Gaelic sРј).
• so- a prefix denoting good quality, Irish sСѓ-, Old Irish so-, su-, Welsh hy, Breton he-; Sanskrit su-, good, Zend. hu-.
• sС‚bhaidh, sС‚'aidh turn, prevent, Old Irish sСѓim, inf. sood, root sov, discussed under iompaidh.
• sobhrach, sС‚bhrach (M`L.), primrose, Irish sobhrСѓg (Fol.), somharcin (O'Br.), sСѓbhrach (O'R.), Early Irish sobrach, g. sobarche:
• soc forepart of anything, ploughshare, snout, Irish soc, Early Irish socc, Welsh swch (f.), Cornish soch, Breton soc'h, souc'h (m.): *succo-, snout, pig's snout, *sukku-, a pig, Welsh hwch, Cornish hoch, Breton houc'h (Anglo-Saxon sugu, English sow, Latin sГ»s, etc.). So Thurneysen (Rom., 112), who clinches his argument by Early Irish corr being both "crane" and "beak". French soc, ploughshare, English sock are from Celtic. Stokes suggests the possibility of Celtic being from Medieval Latin soccus, vomer, or allied to Old High German seh, vomer, Latin secare.
• socair ease, easy, Irish socair, easy, secure, Middle Irish soccair; opposite is deacair, Old Irish seccair: *di-acair, *so-acair, from *acar, convenience, root cor, place, as in cuir. Hence acarach.
• sochair a benefit, emolument, Irish sochar, emolument, wealth, ease, Middle Irish sochor, good contract (Sench. MСѓr); from so- and cor, q.v.
• sochar silliness, a yielding disposition, socharach, simple, compliant, Irish socharach, obliging, easy, Welsh hygar, amiable, Breton hegar, benignus; from so- and cР°r, dear. The Irish is also from sochar, ease.
• sochd
• silence, Irish sochd ( O'R., Sh.), Middle Irish socht: *sop-tu-, root svop of suain (Dr Cameron).
• sod noise of boiling water, steam of water in which meat is boiled, boiled meat, Irish sod, boiled meat (O'Br.); from Norse soГ°, broth or water in which meat has been boiled, English sodden, seethe, sod, Scottish sotter, boil slowly, sottle, noise of boiling porridge, etc.
• sod an awkward person, a stout person; from Scottish sod, a heavy person, sodick, soudie, a clumsy heavy woman.
• sodag a pillion, clout; from Scottish sodds, a saddle made of cloth.
• sodal pride, flattery, Irish sodal, sotal, sutal, Old Irish sotla, pride, insolence, sotli, animositates; this has been adduced as the source of English sot, French sot. According to Stokes *sput-tlo-, Welsh ffothyll, pustula, Latin pustula, Sanskrit phutkar, puff (Stokes).
• sodan caressing, joy, joyous reception:
• sodar trotting, a trotting horse (Sh., Lh., etc.), Irish sodar, trotting:
• sog, sogan mirth, good humour, tipsiness; from *sugg, a short form of the root of sС‰gradh.
• sС‚gh luxury, riot, Irish sСѓgh, Middle Irish sodh, Early Irish suaig, prosperous: *su-ag-, root ag of aghaidh, Р°gh.
• soidealta bashful, ignorant; See saidealta.
• soidean a jolly-looking or stout person; See sod.
• soighne , soighneas pleasure, delight, Irish sСѓighneas: so-gne-, root gen.
• soileas officiousness, flattery, Irish soilРЅos; from Latin sollicitus?
• soilgheas wind, a fair wind:
• soilleir clear, visible, Irish soillР№ir: from so- and lР№ir. The ll is due to the analogy of soillse.
• soillse brightness, so Irish, Old Irish soillse, soilse: *svelnestio-; See solus for connections.
• soimeach prosperous, easy, easy circumstanced, good-natured, seems to combine Old Irish somme, dives, and Old Irish soinmech, lucky, good, Irish soinmheach, fortunate, happy. The former Stokes derives from so-imbi-s, for which See iomadh; the latter is so-nem-ech, root nem, under nРёamh. Middle Irish somenmnach, good-spirited, is from meanmna.
• soin esteem (n.), soineil, handsome; cf. sС‚nraich for the root.
• soinionn , soineann fair weather, Irish soinean, Middle Irish soinend, Early Irish sonend; the opposite of soinionn is doinionn, for su-sГ®n-enn, du-sГ®n-enn, from sРЅn, now sian, weather, rain (Stokes).
• soir the east, Irish soir, Early Irish sair; from s- (see suas) and air (= *are), on, q.v.
• soir
• sack, vessel, bottle; cf. searrag.
• soirbh easy, gentle, soirbheas, success, wind, flatulence (Arg.), Irish soirbh, Old Irish soirb, facilis, opposed to doirb, difficilis, root reb, or rib, manare (Ascoli). But compare Gaelic reabh.
• sois
• snug, fond of ease (M`A.); from Scottish sosh, snug, social.
• sС‚ise a ball of fire in the sky, a portent (M`A.):
• soisgeul gospel, Irish soisgР№al, soisgeul, Old Irish soscР№le; from so- and sgeul.
• soisinn taste, decency, rest, stillness; from Scottish sonsy?
• soitheach a vessel, Irish soitheach, Middle Irish soithech, saithech: *satiko-:
• soitheamh tame, docile, gentle: *so-seimh, from sРёimh? So Munro, who writes soisheamh.
• sol ere, before, Irish, Early Irish sul; root svel of seal.
• sС‚lach highly delighted (M`A.; sollach, jolly, Arms.); founded on sС‚las. Arms.'s word seems from English jolly.
• solar a provision, purveying, preparing, Irish solР±thar; from so- and lР°thair.
• sС‚las joy, comfort, solace, Irish sСѓlas; from Latin sГґlatium, English solace.
• sollain a welcome, rejoicing, Irish sollamhuin, a solemnity, feast, rejoicing, Early Irish sollamain; from Latin sollemne, English solemnity.
• solus light, Irish, Middle Irish solus, Early Irish solus, bright: *svl@.nestu-, root svel; Anglo-Saxon svelan, glow, English sultry; Greek @GsР№las, light, @Gselc/nc, moon, @Ge@`lР±nc, torch; Sanskrit svar, sheen, sun.
• somalta bulky, large, placid; from Middle Irish soma, abundance, with adj. terminations -ail and ta. See soimeach further.
• somh convert, upset (Carm.); cf. Irish sСѓm.
• son
• sake, cause, air son, on account of, Irish son, ar son, Middle Irish son, er son; from Early Irish son, word (root sven of seinn)?
• sona happy, Irish, Early Irish sona, opposite of dona: *so-gnР±-vo-s, "well-doing"; root gna of gnРјomh.
• sonn a stout man, hero; from sonn, club, staff, Middle Irish suinn catha, captains, "staves of battle". Cf. Norse stafn-buar, the stem men, or picked marines on the forecastle. Cf. TР°illear dubh na tuaighe was "ursainn chatha nan Camshronach". See sonn.
• sonn a staff, cudgel, beam, Irish, Early Irish sonn, Welsh ffon, Old Welsh fonn: *spondo-, Greek @GsfendСѓnc, a sling, @GsfedanСѓs, vehement; Sanskrit spand, draw, move; Latin pendo, hang (Rhys). Stokes gives the stem *spundo, allied to Norse spjСѓt, a lance, Old High German spioz, spit, spear. Cf. Middle Latin spnda, trabecula, repagulum.
• sС‚nraich appoint, ordain, Irish sonraighim, sonrach, special, Early Irish sunnraid, Old Irish sainriud, especially, sainred, proprietas, sain, singularis, proprius, Old Welsh han, alium: *sani-, especially; Gothic sundrГґ, privately, English sunder; Latin sine, without; Sanskrit sanutР±r, without.
• sop a wisp, Irish sop, Early Irish sopp, Welsh sob, sopen; from English sop, Norse soppa. Zimmer takes the Irish from Norse svГ¶ppr, sponge, ball; Stokes derives it from Norse sСѓpr, besom. the Welsh sob, sopen favours and English source.
• sС‚r hesitate, grudge, shun:
• soraidh a farewell, blessing, Irish soraidh, happy, successful, Middle Irish soraid, Early Irish soreid; from so- and rР№idh. ++sorcha light, bright, Irish, Early Irish sorcha; opposite of dorch, q.v
• sorchan rest or support, foot-stool, light stand, peer-man; from sorcha.
• sС‚rn a flue, vent, Irish sСѓrn, Early Irish sornn, Welsh ffwrn, Cornish forn; from Latin furnus, oven, whence English furnace.
• sos a coarse mess or mixture; from Scottish soss.
• spad kill, fell, Irish spaidim, benumb, spaid, spad, a clod (cf. spairt), a sluggard, eunuch; cf. Welsh ysbaddu, exhaust, geld, from Latin spado, eunuch. Hence spadanta, benumbed.
• spad- flat, Irish spad-; from *spad of spaid, spade?
• spadag a quarter or limb of an animal cut off; from Late Latin spatula, a shoulder blade, spatula prcina, leg of pork, also spadula, a shoulder, spadlaris, a quarter of a beast. Cf. Welsh yspaud, shoulder.
• spadair fop, braggart; cf. Norse spjР±tra, behave as a fop. See spaideil.
• spadal a paddle, plough-staff, so Irish; from Middle English spaddle, paddle, dim. of spade.
• spadhadh a strong and quick pull, the utmost extent of the outstretched arms, the grass cut by one scythe-stroke, spadh, a scyth's stroke (Bad.); from Latin spatium. Meyer objects. If Stokes' theory were right spadh could be from root spa, pull, span. Cf. English swath.
• spР°g a claw or paw, limb of an animal, club-foot, spР°gach, club-footed or awkward in the legs, Irish spР±g, claw, club-foot, clumsy leg, Welsh ysbach, a claw; spР°ga-da-ghlid, a buffoon, tomfool (Wh.):
• spagach uttering words indistinctly, spagadh, obliquity of the mouth, spaig, a wry mouth:
• spagluinn ostentation, conceit:
• spaid a spade, Irish spР±d; from the English
• spaideil foppish, well-dressed: "strutting", from Latin spatior, as in spaisdear below? Cf., however, spadair.
• spailp pride, conceit, spailpean, fop, Irish spailp, spailpРЅn, rascal, mean fellow, "spalpeen":
• spР°in a spoon, Manx spain; from norse spР±nn, spСѓnn, spoon, chip, Middle English sp@-n, Anglo-Saxon spСѓn, chip. Irish spСЉnСѓg, spoon, is from the English
• spР°irn an effort, struggle, Irish spР±irn, sbР±irn, wrestling, struggling; from the Norse sporna, kick with the feet, struggle, sperna, kick, spurn, English spurn. Hennessey derived it from English sparring (Athen@oeum, 15/8/71).
• spairiseach foppish, spairis, having the hands in the trousers' pockets (M`A.); founded on Scottish spare, opening of the fore part of the breeches.
• spairt a turf, clod, a splash, Irish spairt; verb spairt, daub, plaster, splash, brain, Irish spairtim: cf. Norse sparГ°a, pole-axe, whence Middle English spert or spart.
• spaisdear , spaidsear a saunterer, spaisdeireachd, sauntering, Irish spaisdeСѓireachd, promenading, walking; Norse spР±zera, walk, Danish spadsere, German spazieren, from Italian (13th Cent.), spaziare: all from Latin spatior, walk, promenade.
• spР°l a shuttle, Irish spСѓl; from Norse spСѓla, a weaver's shuttle, Middle English spo@-le, now spool, German spule, bobbin, spool. Hence spР°lag, pea pod.
• spang thin plate of metal, spangle; from Norse spo@'ng, g. spangar, a spangle, Middle English spang, now spangle, Anglo-Saxon spange, a clasp, German spange, buckle.
• spann
• sever, divide, wean (a child); from Scottish spain, spane, wean, prevent, confused with Middle English spannen, stretch, span.
• spann a hinge, hasp; from the English spang, a spangle, Anglo-Saxon spang, a hasp; or Anglo-Saxon spannan, to clasp, Norse spenna, spennir, grasper, Scottish spenn, to button.
• spaoill , speill wrap, swathe: *svil, *sveil, as in till, etc.
• spР°rdan a roost, from spР°rr.
• spР°rr a joist, beam, roost, Irish sparra, wedge, spear, Early Irish sparr, a beam, joist; from Norse sparri, a spar, Swed., Danish sparre, Old High German sparro, bar, balk, German sperren, a spar, English spar. Hence Gaelic spР°rr, drive as a nail or sedge, thrust, Irish sparraim; Gaelic sparrag, a bridgle bit, "little bar".
• spathalt a limb, a clumsy libm; cf. spoll.
• sparsan the dew-lap of a beast, Irish sparsan (Lh., O'B); See spursan.
• speach a wasp, connspeach, for conas-beach, "wrangling or dog bee", from beach, bee? The Irish for "wasp" is eircbheach. connspeach is referred by Stokes (Dict. 302) to *spekГў, Greek @Gsfc/x; for phonetics cf. padhadh, piuthar, also speir and speal.
• speach a blow, thrust, stitch in the side, Irish speach, a kick:
• speach door step (Carm.).
• spead a very small foot or leg (M`A.), speadach, sheepshanked (M`A.), kicking (Badenoch, where spead means a cow's or sheep's kick); cf. Middle Irish spedudhud, a musical instrument (?), Kuno Meyer's "King and Hermit". Root sped-do-, spend-.
• speal a scythe, Irish speal, scythe, reaping hook, Middle Irish spel: *spelГў, Greek @GyalРЅs, shears, root spal, clip, pull, further English psalm (so Stokes).
• spealg a splinter; from Scottish spelk, a splint attached to a fracture, Middle English spelke, a splinter, Norse spjalk, spelkur, splint, Dutch spalk.
• spealt a splinter; from Teutonic - Middle English spР№lde, now a spill, Middle High German spelte, a splinter, German spalten.
• spearrach a cow-fetter, a fetter for wild goats; See speireach.
• spР№ic a spike, Irish spР№ice; from Norse spРЅk, a spike, English spike, German speiche. Welsh has ysbig.
• speil cattle, herd, Irish speil, herd of cattle or swine; *speli-, allied to Latin spolium (Stokes).
• spР№il
• slide, skate; from Scottish speil, play, bonspel, curling game, German spielen, play.
• speir hoof or ham of cattle, claw talon, ankle and thereabouts of the human leg, Irish speirr, hough, ham: *s-peri-; compare Welsh ffer, ankle, ber, leg, shank: Cornish fer, crus, Early Irish seir, heel, di pherid: *speret-, Greek @GsfurСѓn, ankle, heel; root sper, English spur, spurn, Latin sperno, etc.
• speireach , spearrach cow-fetter, foot fetter; from speir and *rich, tie, for which last See buarach.
• spР№iread
• strength, force, courage; founded on Latin spГ®ritus.
• speireag
• sparrow-hawk; from Middle English sper-hauk, Anglo-Saxon spear-hafoc, Norse sparrhaukr, from sparrow and hawk.
• spР№is esteem, liking, Irish spР№is, Middle Irish sbР№is; seemingly from Middle Irish sbesailte, special, from Latin species, look (cf. English re-spect).
• speuc , spiac diverge, divaricate, tear asunder, branch; from Scottish spaik, a spoke (in a wheel), English spoke, Anglo-Saxon spР±ca.
• speuclair
• spectacles, Irish speuclР±ir, a glass, spectacles; from the Latin.
• speur the heaven, firmament, Irish speur, spР№ir; from the Late Latin spera, a hemisphere, circle (of each planet), celestial region, Latin sphaera, a sphere (whence the English), from Greek @Gsfai@npra, globe. Cf. Scottish spere, sphere, circle, "the speir of the moon".
• spРјd
• spite, Irish spРЅd; from the English Hence spРјdeig or spideag, a taunt.
• spРјd
• speed, haste; from English speed.
• spideag nightingale (spРјdeag, Middle F.), Irish spideСѓg, robin:
• spideag a delicate or slender creature (Arms. spРјdeag); from Scottish spit, a little, hot-tempered person, spitten, a puny, mischievous person, English spit.
• spideal a spital, hospital, Irish spideul, Middle Irish spidР№l; from Middle English spitel, from Old French ospital, from Latin hospitale.
• spidean pinnacle; "spidean an tempuill":
• spiligean a seedling, dwarfish person:
• spРјoc meanness, dastardliness, spРјocach, mean:
• spiocaid a spigot, Irish spiocaid (O'R.); from English sources - Middle English spigot, English spike.
• spРјochan wheezing, Irish spiochan; See pРјochan.
• spiol nibble, peel, pluck, Irish spiolaim, spialaim, snatch, pluck. See piol.
• spiolg unhusk, shell; from the Scottish spilk, pilk, shell pease, etc., spilkins, split pease. Cf. spealg.
• spРјon pluck up, pull, tear, Irish spРЅonaim, teaze, probe, pluck, examine; cf. Middle Irish spРЅn, a thorn, from Latin spГ®na, thorn.
• spionnadh
• strength, Irish spionnadh, spionnamhail, strong (Keat.): *sphen or *sven; See faod.
• spiontag a currant, a particle in the throat, a maggot, a drop of rain or flake of snow, Irish spionР±n, a gooseberry, Middle Irish spРЅnan; from Latin spГ®na.
• spiorad a spirit, so Irish, Old Irish spiurt, spirut; from Latin spiritus, English spirit. Welsh has ysbryd, Cornish speris, Breton speret.
• spiosradh
• spice, Irish spiosra; from English spicery, Old French espicerie, spices, from Latin species.
• spiris a hen-roost, hammock; from Norse sperra, a spar, rafter, with a leaning on Gaelic iris, roost.
• spisniche pillar, support (Carm.):
• spitheag a chip, spelk, small bit of wood, bite, Irish spiothСѓg, a finger stone for throwing at an object ( Con., Sh.), spitheСѓg, a flake of snow; a borrowed word belonging to the English group spike, spigot, but likely taken from Norse spРЅk, sprig, spike.
• splang a sparkle, flash, Irish splanc:
• splangaid a snot, mucus, Irish spleangaid (O'R.); a side-form of sglongaid?
• spleadh a splay foot; from English splay.
• spleadh ostentation, romance, false flattery, Irish spleadh; from Middle English spleien, display, from displeien, now display.
• spleadhan a sort of wooden paddle to dig up sand eels; See pleadhag.
• spleuchd, spliachd
• stare, squint, spread out by trampling:
• spliС‰c fluke of an anchor (M`A.); founded on English fluke.
• spliС‰chan , spliС‰can tobacco pouch, Irish spliuchР±n, a pouch, bag, leather purse; hence Scottish spleuchan. Cf. Welsh blwch, a box.
• spliug a snot, icicle, anything hanging down: *s-cluig? Cf. cluigein.
• slpiС‰gach
• splay-footed:
• spliС‰ig a discontented countenance:
• spliut a lame hand or foot, splay foot; See pliut.
• spС‚c a spoke; from the English
• spoch address one quickly and angrily, intimidate, affront, attack, Irish spochaim, provoke, affront, rob; cf. spoth.
• spС‚g, spР°g a claw, paw, Manx spaag, Irish spГўg, Welsh ysbach:
• spoll a quarter (as of a sheep, M`A.), spС‚ld, a piece or joint of meat, Irish spСѓdhla, spСѓlla, a piece of meat; from Scottish spaul, limb, spald, shoulder, from old French espaule, espalle, Late Latin spatula, shoulder, whence English epaulet. Irish spolla is also hence. Cf. spadag, spathalt.
• spС‚lt mangle, slaughter, hew down in battle, also (Dial. Badenoch) splutter; from the English. Cf. Middle English splatten, cut open, Scottish sploit, squirt, spout. spoltadh, drops flying out of a vessel when boiling or stirred carelessly.
• spong
• sponge, tinder, Irish sponc, Early Irish sponge, Welsh ysbwng, sponge, Cornish spong, Breton spone, sponeГ±k; from Latin spongia, sponge, from Greek @GspoggiР±, allied to Latin fungus.
• spor a spur, claw, talon, Irish spor, Middle Irish sbor, a spur for a horse; from Norse spori, a spur, spor, foot trace, Danish spore, Swed. sporre, English spur, Anglo-Saxon spora; root sper of speir, etc. Hence sporadh, inciting, scraping the earth (as a hen), Scottish spur.
• spor tinder, flint, gun-flint; from English spar.
• sporan a purse, Irish sparР±n, sporР±n, sbarrР±n, Middle Irish sboran, Welsh ysbur: *s-burr- from *burs, from Late Latin bursa, a purse, whence English purse, bursary; originally from Greek @Gbursc, a hide.
• sporracan crumbs (M`F.):
• spors
• sport, Irish spСѓrt (Fol.); from the English
• spot a spot; from the English
• spoth geld, castrate, Irish spothaim, Middle Irish spochad (n.), Welsh dysbaddu, Breton spaza; from Latin spado, eunuch, whence English spay. The Middle Irish spochad is thought by Stokes to be from Breton spac'hein (inf.).
• spracadh
• strength, sprightliness, Irish spracadh; from English sprack, lively, Norse spraekr, lively, Swed. sprГ¤ker; from Norse also comes English spark - Norse sparkr.
• spraic a sever reprimand; See spreig.
• spraidh a loud blast, report of a gun; cf. Scottish spraich, a cry, Norse spraki, a report.
• spreadh burst, sound loudly while bursting, kill, Irish sprР№idhim, spread, burst (spreighim, O'Br.), Early Irish sprР№daire, brush for sprinkling the holy water; from Middle English spraeden, now spread.
• spreangan a cloven stick for closing the wound of bled cattle; from English springe, twig, rod, snare with flexible rod.
• sprР№idh cattle, Irish sprР№(idh), Middle Irish sprР№, spreid, Welsh praidd, flock, booty; from Latin praeda, booty. Hence Scottish spreith, booty.
• spreig blame, reprove, incite, Irish spreagaim; founded on Middle English spraechen, now speak, German sprechen.
• spreigh
• scatter, burst; See spreadh.
• spreill blubber lip: *s-breill, from ++breall?
• spreisneach the remains of a wreck:
• spreС‚chan weakness, weak person; from *s-breС‚ch-, being the same in root as breС‚claid?
• spreС‚d , spreod (H.S.D.), a projecting beam, crann spreС‚id, a bow-sprit; from Middle English spre@-ot, a sprit, now sprit; Anglo-Saxon sprР№ot, Middle Dutch spriet. Hence spreС‚d, incite.
• sprochd dejection, sadness, Irish sprochd: *s-broc, Middle Irish broc, sorrow, anxiety (also sbrog). Cf. murcach for root; or brС‚n?
• sprogan , sprogaill dewlap, bird's crop, Irish sprogaille, sbrogaill, also sgroban, sgrogul, neck: *s-broggo-. See brР°ghad.
• spronnan a crumb; from pronn.
• sprot
• single stick (Lewis): Norse sproti, stick.
• spruan brushwood, firewood, Irish spruР±n: *s-bruan, from bruan. M`A. has sprudhan, fragments.
• sprС‰dan fingers, sprouts; from the English sprout.
• spruileach , spruidhleach crumbs, fragments, Irish spruille(ach), crumb, fragment, sprudhaille (Lh.), Middle Irish sbruileach. Cf. spruan. Middle Irish has also spuirech, fragmentum, Welsh ysbwrial, sweepings, ysborion, refuse of fodder.
• spruiseil
• spruce, neat, Irish sprСЉiseamhuil; from the English spruce.
• spruithean claw (as of eagle):
• spuaic crown of the head, a pinnacle, callosity, blister, Irish spuaic, a welt, callus, pinnacle:
• spС‰idsear baling ladle (N.H.): cf. English spudge.
• spС‰ill
• spoil, plunder; from Scottish spulye, lay waste, plunder, English spoil, French spolier, Latin spoliare. Welsh has ysbail, a spoil.
• spС‰inn
• spoil, plunder, Irish spСЉinim; another form of spС‰ill, borrowed directly from Latin spoliare?
• spuirse
• spurge, milkweed, Irish spuirse; from the English spurge, Middle English sporge.
• spС‰ll nail of a cat, a clutch, spС‰llach, nailed, greedy (M`A.):
• spursan a gizzard, Irish spursР±n; cf. sparsan, dewlap.
• spС‰t a spout; from the Scottish spoot, English spout.
• srР°bh a straw; from the English:
• srР°bh falling water (Carm.):
• srabhard
• strife ( Suth. R.D.):
• srac tear, rend, rob, Irish sracaim; Gaelic has also racadh: *srakko-, for rap-ko-, root rap of Latin rapio?
• srad a spark of fire, Irish srad: *sraddГў, from strad or str@.-d, root ster, as in English star, Greek @Ga@'stc/r. Middle Irish has srab-tine, lightning, from the same root.
• srР°id a street, Irish srР±id, Early Irish srР±it; from Latin strГўta@- (via), whence English street. K.Meyer derives it from Norse straeti, which itself comes from Latin
• sraidean the plant shepherd's purse, Irish sraidРЅn (srР±idРЅn, O'Br.); cf srad.
• sraigh the cartilage of the nose, sneeze (M`A.); cf. root of srС‚n.
• sramh a jet of milk from the cow's udder, Irish sramh (srР±mh, O'R.); root ster, str@., strew.
• srann a snore, buzz, Irish srann, Early Irish srand, Old Irish srennim, sterto: *stre-s-no-, root ster, pster of Latin sterto, snore, sternno, sneeze (see sreothart further). Stokes makes the Gadelic to be *strenvГґ, like Latin sternuo.
• sraon
• stumble, make a false step, rush forward violently; cf. Irish sraoinim, defeat, overthrow, scatter, Middle Irish srР±ined, dragging down, defeat, Early Irish sroenim, hurl, drag, defeat: *sroino-, root ster, strew, scatter (English strew, etc.).
• sraonais a huff, snuffiness; M`A. has srС‚in, a huff: from srС‚n, nose?
• srath a valey, strath, Irish, Middle Irish srath, meadow land or holm along banks of a river or loch, often swampy (Joyce), Old Irish israth, in gramine, Welsh ystrad, strath, Early Welsh strat, istrat, planities: *stratu-, root ster, spread, scatter; Latin strГўtus, from sterno, I strew; Greek @GstrwtСѓs, spread, @GstorР№nnumi, scatter; English strew, strand (?).
• strathair a pack-saddle, Irish, Old Irish srathar, Welsh ystrodyr; from Medieval Latin stratura, from stratum, sterno, spread.
• sream rheum (M`A.), a wrinkle, sreamach, blear-eyed, Irish srР±m, eye rheum, srР±mach, blear-eyed, sremach (Four Masters). Stokes derives this from Anglo-Saxon streР±m, English stream.
• sreamadh curbing or checking by the nose:
• sreang a string, Irish srang, srang, Early Irish sreng: *srengo-, strengo-, Gadelic root streg; immediately allied either to English string, Norse strengr, German strang (Indo-European stre @Gh, Greek @GstrР№fw, turn), or to Latin stringo, bind, German strick, string (Indo-European stre@g). The Indo-European roots stre@g and stre@gh are allied ultimately. sraing, lie, embroidery (Hend.).
• streath a row, series, Irish sreath, Old Irish sreth: *srito-, *sr@.-to-, root ser, order, join; Latin series, row, sors, lot.
• sreathan filmy skin covering unborn calf (H.S.D., etc.). When dried, it was used for covering vessels:
• sreothart a sneeze, Irish sraoth, sraothfurtach, earlier sreod, Welsh trew, ystrew, a sneeze, ystrewi (vb.), Breton strefia, strevia (vb.), root streu, pstreu (Stokes), further ster, pster, Latin sternuo, sneeze, Greek @GptР±rnumai (do.)
• srian a bridle, Irish srian, Early Irish srРЅan, Welsh ffrwyn; from Latin frГЄnum (through Welsh).
• srideag a drop, spark, srideach, white streaked with dark: *sriddi, root sr@.d of srad.
• sringlean the strangles; founded on the English.
• sruit a torrent of quick words; founded on sruth.
• srobadh a push (Sh.), small quantity of liquor (A.M`D.); See sruab.
• sroghall a whip, so Irish, Early Irish sraigell, Old Irish srogill (gen.), Welsh ffrowyll; from Latin flagellum.
• srСѓl a streamer, banner, silk, Irish srСѓl, satin, byssus; from Latin stragulus, coverlet, pall, whence Cornish strail, tapestry, Welsh ystraill, a mat. Stokes (Lismore) has suggested a form *frСѓl, *flСѓr, French velours, velvet, Breton flour, velveted.
• srС‚n a nose, Irish, Old Irish srСѓn, Welsh ffroen, Breton froan: *srognГў; *sroknГў (Stokes, Greek @GrР№ghw, snore, snort, @GrР№gkw), *sprognГў (Strachan), to which Latin spargo has been compared. Welsh has also trwyn (*trugno- or trogni-), Cornish trein.
• sruab drink up with noise of the lips, pull hastily out of the water: *sroubbo-, root sreub? Cf. srС‰b, and Lithuanian sriaubiu, sup, lap up, Church Slavonic sru@ubati, swallow, Latin sorbeo, English absorb.
• sruan
• shortbread cake having five corners (M`A. for Islay):
• srС‰b a spout; from the Scottish stroup, spout, Middle English stru@-pe, throat, Norse strjСЉpi, the spouting trunk when the head is cut off, Swed. strupe, throat. Hence srС‰ban, a cockle.
• struth a stream, Irish, Old Irish sruth, g. srotha, Welsh ffrwd, Cornish frot, alveus, Breton froud: *srutu-, root sreu, flow; Greek @Gr@`СЉsis, a flowing, @Gr@`eu@nma, a stream, @Gr@`Р№w, flow; English stream, Norse straumr; Lithuanian sravju, flow. Some have referred the Celtic words to the root spreut, spreu, to well, German sprudel, a well, sprГјhen, emit sparks, drizzle, further English spurt, spout.
• sruthladh rinsing, half-washing, Irish sruthlaighim; from sruth.
• stР° advantage, use; from the English - founded on stay?
• stР°bhach wide, asunder, straddling, Irish stabhaighim, straddle:
• stabhaic a wry neck, a sullen attitude of the head (M`A.); See stС‰ichd. Pronounced in Arg. staoi'c, staghaic.
• stР°bull a stable, Irish stabla; from Latin stabulum, through the English.
• stac a precipice, steep hill, Middle Irish stacc, a stack (Four Masters), stacc, a pile, piece; from Norse stakkr, a stack (of hay), stakka, a stump, Swed. stack, a stack, Scottish (Shetland, etc.) stack, a columnar isolated rock, English stack.
• stad a stop, Irish stad, Early Irish stad (Cormac); founded on Latin status, position, stat, stands (Hennessey, Stokes). Cf. Norse staГ°a, a standing, a position. Ascoli compares Old Irish astaim, sisto (= ad-sad-to-, root sed of suidhe).
• stadh (better stagh), a stay, a certain rope in ship's rigging; from Norse stag (do.), English stay, Danish, German stag.
• stadhadh
• state, condition, Irish stР±id, Middle Irish stait; from Latin statio (K.Meyer). Welsh has ystГўd, from Latin status. Irish stР±id may be from the English See stР°ideil.
• stР°ideil
• stately, Irish stР±ideamhuil; from English state, stately.
• staidhir a stair, Irish staighre, Middle Irish staigre; from the English, and Anglo-Saxon stР±eger. The Gaelic is possibly from English stair, just as paidhir and faidhir are from pair and fair (Dr Cameron).
• stail a bandage, strap:
• stailc
• stubbornness, stop, stump, Irish stailc; cf. tailce; cf. Norse stilkr, stalk.
• stР°ilinn
• steel; from Norse stР±l, steel, stР±lin weapons (pl.), German stahl, English steel.
• staing a peg, small pointed rock; from Norse stГ¶ng, g. stangar, a pole, Scottish and English stang.
• staing a well-built person or animal (M`A.), staingean, obstinate boorish person, Irish stainc, incivility; from staing.
• staipeal a stopple, Irish stapal (O'R.); from the Scottish stappil, English stopple.
• staipeal , stapull a staple, bar; from English staple.
• stair a path over a bog, stepping stones in a river. Dr Cameron has suggested connection with Dutch steiger, waterside stairs, English stair. For s-tar, from *tar, cross (see thar)?
• stairirich a rattling, a rumbling noise; also dairireach, q.v. For s-dairirich.
• stР°irn a particle, small quantity (Perth); from Scottish starn, particle, grain, star, from star.
• stР°irn noise (as the tread of horses), a violent push: *s-tairn; See tР°irneanach for root. Cf. Irish stathruim, clatter, din.
• stР°irneil , stairneanach (Suth.), conceited, ostentations; from stР°irn, noise: "creating a furore". English stern?
• stairsneach , stairseach a threshold, Irish tairseach, Early Irish tairsech: "cross beam or stone:; for root See tarsuinn, transverse.
• stairt a considerable distance, trip (M`A.); from English start?
• stР°it a magistrate or great man, stР°itean, great men; See stР°t.
• stalan a stallion, Irish stail; from the English.
• stalc
• stiffen, stalcanta, firm, strong; for s-talc; See tailce. M`A. gives stalc as meaning "dash one's foot against (Islay), thread a hook, thump, stare." In the meaning of "stalk", the word is from the English
• stalla an overhanging rock, craggy steep, precipice, stall, a peat bank; from Norse stallr, any block or shelf on which another thing is placed, pedestal, step of a mast, stall, stalli, an altar, English stall, Lithuanian stalas, table.
• stallachdach
• stupidly deaf, heedless (Wh.):
• stalladh dashing against, thumping (M`A.):
• stamag a stomach; from the English
• stamh
• sea tangle, staf (Lewis), Middle stafr, staff.
• stamhnaich reduce to order, subject, break in, drub (M`A.), stannadh, subject (Heb.); from Norse stafr, a stick, staffa fyir, rule, fyrir stafni, aim at, stafn, stem?
• stР°mp
• stamp, trample, Irish stampР±il, a stamping, prancing; from English stamp. ++stР°n tin, Irish stР±n, Welsh ystaen, Cornish, Breton stean; from Latin stannum, tin (for *stagnum; cf. Italian stagno). See staoin.
• stР°n , a stР°n below, down; Sutherland form of a bhР°n, on analogy of a' s t-foghar, a' s t-samhradh, etc.:
• stang a ditch, pool; from Scottish stank, Old French estang, now Р№tang, from Latin stagnum.
• stang
• sting, from Scottish stang, sting (as a bee), a sting, Norse stanga, prick, goad; further English sting.
• stangarra the fish stickleback; from stang, sting.
• stanna a vat, tub, Irish stanna, vat, barrel; from English tun, ton, Middle English tonne. See tunna.
• stannart a standard, yard, limit; from the English It also means "affected coyness".
• staoig a collop, steak, Irish staoig, Middle Irish stР±ic; from Norse steik, English steak (Stokes, K.Meyer).
• staoin pewter, tin; See stР°n.
• staoin juniper, caoran staoin:
• staoin laziness:
• staon bent, awry, shallow (Hend.), Irish staon:
• staorum bending of the body to a side; for staon-um.
• stapag a mixture of meal and cold water; from Scottish stappack (do.), stap, mix, hash, Norse stappa, bray in a mortar.
• staplaich loud noise, noise of the sea:
• stapull a bar, bolt, staple; See staipeal.
• starach cunning, deceitful (Suth.):
• starachd romping, blustering (M`A.):
• starbhanach a strong, robust fellow:
• starcach firm; from Norse starkr, strong, English, German stark.
• starr
• shove, dash, starradh, pushing violently, dashing against, a failing or freak, snap-starradh, a stumbling-block, obstruction, a ball on the end of a spear; cf. starr-(shuileach).
• starr-fhiacail a tusk or gag-tooth, Irish stairfhiacail; from starr and fiacail.
• starr-shuileach having the eyes distorted, stard, a moon-eye (M`A.); cf. Norse starblindr, blind with a cataract, Old High German starablind, German starr, stiff, English stare, "fixed" look, Scottish stare, stiff, starr, sedge, star, a speck on the eye.
• stР°t pride, haughtiness, Irish stР±tamhuil, stately; from the English state, Middle English stР±t, from Latin status. Cf. stР°ideil, stР°ta.
• stР°ta the state or Government; from the English
• steach, a steach (to) within, into, Irish steach, a steach, Middle Irish is tech, Early Irish isa tech: *in-san-tech, "into the house"; from teach. Cf. stigh.
• steadhainn firm, pointed or punctual in speech (M`A.); cf. English steady.
• steafag a little staff or stick, Irish steafСѓg; from English staff.
• steР°irn a blazing fire (Perth), "a drop in the e'e":
• steall
• spout, cause to spout, pour out, Irish steallaim, squirt, sprinkle, steallaire, a tap; from Latin stillo, I drop, English distill.
• stear a pole to kill birds with (Carm.):
• steР°rnal a bittern, sea-bird, an inn-keeper's sign:
• stР№idh foundation; from Norse staeГ°a, establish, Ork. steeth, foundation, steethe, to found.
• steill a peg or pin for things hung; cf. Scottish stell, a prop.
• stР№illeach (steilleach, M`F.), lusty, stout, ruddy; cf. stР№idheil, steady, solid, from stР№idh.
• steinle the itch, mange, Irish steinle (Lh., etc.); from teine, fire?
• steС‚c any person or thing standing (or sticking) upward, an attendant (steС‚cair also); from Scottish stog, stug, stook, stubble, stumpy horns, stok, English stick.
• steС‚rn guide, direct, manage; from Norse stjСѓrna (do.), stjСѓrn, steering, rule, English stern, steer. See stiС‰ir.
• steud a horse, steed, Irish stead (O'R.), Middle Irish stР№d; from Anglo-Saxon stР№da, Anglo-Saxon stР№da, Middle English stede, now steed.
• stiall a strip, stripe, streak, Irish stРЅall, Early Irish stРЅall, girdle, strap, board; cf. Welsh astell, Middle Welsh ystyll, shingle, plank, Cornish stil, rafter, Old French esteil, pole, Latin astella, splinter, or from Old High German stihhil, pole, post.
• stic a fault, blemish, pain; from Scottish stick, a bungle or botch, English stick, stich (older sticke).
• stic adhere, stick; from the English
• stРјc ghostly person, "imp" (Carm.); Norse stygr, shy.
• stРјd peep, Manx steetagh to peep; See dРјd.
• stidean (stРјdean, H.S.D.), a cat, the word by which a cat is called to one (also stididh and tididh, from Scottish cheet, cheety, puss, cat, English chit, cub, youngster; from cat, like kitten).
• stРјg a skulking or abject look or attitude; from Norse stygr, shy.
• stigh , a stigh inside, Irish 'stigh, Early Irish istig, istaig, isintig; for *in-san-tig, 'in the house", from tigh, house.
• stРјnleag the hinge of a box, hasp:
• stРјobull a steeple; from the English
• stiocach limping: "sticking"? From the English anyway.
• stРјog a strip in cloth (M`A.); from Scottish steik, English stitch.
• stРјom , stРјm head-band, snood:
• stiorap a stirrup, Irish stiorСѓip; from Middle English stiro@-p, Anglo-Saxon stigrР±p.
• stiorc
• stretch (at death, Arg.); from English stark?
• stiorlag a thin, worn-out rag, an emaciated woman, stiorlan, a thin person; stiorlach, thin gruel (M`D.); stirlean, thin gruel or watery stuff (Bad.):
• stiornach
• sturgeon (M`A.), stirean; from Latin sturio(n), whence, through French, English sturgeon.
• stРјpean a stipend; from the English
• stiС‰bhard a steward, Irish stРјobhard; from the English
• stiС‰ir
• steeer, guide, Irish sdiuirim, Middle Irish stiurad or stiСЉrad; from Anglo-Saxon steСѓran, steer, now steer, Norse sty/ra, Gothic stiurjan.
• stiup a long tail or train, a foolish person. In the latter sense, the Gaelic is from Scottish stupe, from Latin stupidus.
• stiС‰ireag gruel; from the Scottish stooram, stooradrink, stourreen, sturoch, a warm drink, meal and water mixed, from stoor, to stir, agitate.
• stob thrust, stab, fix (as a stake), stob, a stake, stick, stob (Scottish), Irish stobaim, stab, thrust; from Scottish stob, a side-form of English stab. Cf. Norse stobbi, a stump, English stub, Middle English stob.
• stС‚bh a stove; from the English
• stoc a stock, pillar, stump, Irish stoc; from English stock.
• stoc a trumpet, so Irish, Middle Irish stocc, Early Irish stoc; cf. Scottish stock-horne, stock-and-horn, a pipe formed of a sheep's thigh-bone inserted into the smaller end of a cut horn, with an oated reed, from English stock. Gadelic is borrowed.
• stocain a stocking, Irish stoca; from the English
• stoim a particle, whit, faintest glimpse of anything (Dial.); from Scottish styme.
• stoirm a storm, Irish stoirm; from English, Middle English storm, Norse stormr, German sturm.
• stС‚ite prominet; cf. stР°t for origin.
• stС‚l a stool, settle, Irish stСѓl, Welsh ystГґl; from Anglo-Saxon stСѓl, now stool, Norse stСѓll, German stuhl. Hence vb. stС‚l, settle.
• stС‚p a wooden vessel for liquor, a stoup, Irish stСѓpa, a "stoup" or wooden pail; from Scottish stoup, Middle English stope, now stoup, Dutch stoop, a gallon, Norse staup, a stoup.
• stop
• stop, close up, Irish stopaim; from the English
• stС‚r a steep cliff, broken teeth; cf. stС‰rr, starr. Norse stСѓr.
• stС‚ras
• store, wealth, Irish stСѓr, stСѓrus; from Middle English sto@-r.
• stoth lop off, cut corn high:
• stoth hot steam, vapour; See toth.
• strabaid a strumpet, Irish strabСѓid; from an early form of English strumpet, that is *stropet, from Old French strupe, concubinage, stupre, from Latin stuprum.
• strР°c a stroke, ship or boat plank; from Scottish strake, English stroke; from Scottish straik, strait-edge for measuring corn, comes Gaelic strР°c (do.). Similarly Gaelic strР°c, mower's whetstone, is from strake; all are from the root of English stroke, strike.
• strР°cair troublesome fellow, gossip, wanderer; from Norse strР±kr, a vagabond, etc.
• straic pride, swelling with anger, Irish strР±ic:
• straighlich rattling, great noise, sparkles; root sprag, sparg, crackle, English spark, sparkle, Lithuanian sprageti, crackle.
• strР°ille carpet; from Latin strГўgulum, coverlet.
• strangair a lazy, quarrelsome fellow, Irish strangair; cf. dreangan.
• streafan film, carpet (Carm.):
• streap climb, strive against obstacles, Irish dreapaim; cf. dreimire.
• streС‚dag a little liquor (Skye):
• streud a row, line (Suth.); from English street.
• streup , strРёapaid
• strife, quarrel; from Latin strepitus.
• strРј
• strife, contention; from Norse strРЅГ°, Anglo-Saxon strРЅГ°, German streit.
• strianach a badger:
• strРјoch a streak, line, Irish strРЅoc; from English streak.
• strРјochd yield, Irish strРЅocaim, strРјocail, (inf.), fall, be humbled, submit:
• strРјoghach prodigal (Rob.):
• strРјopach a prostitute, Irish strРЅopach; from Old French strupe, concubinage, from Latin stuprum, dishonour, violation.
• strС‚dh prodigality, Irish strСѓ, strСѓgh; seemingly (because of preserved st in all cases) borrowed from, rather than allied to, Middle English strawen, strew, Anglo-Saxon strР№owian, Gothic straujan, Indo-European strou, stru. Hence Gaelic struidheas, prodigality, squandering.
• strС‚ic (stroic, Arms.), tear asunder, a long rag, strip torn off, Irish stroicim, strСѓicim, sroic, a piece: *srakki-, from srac, confused with strСѓdh?
• strolamas mess (Glenmoriston):
• stropach wrinkled (H.S.D.):
• struidheas prodigality; See strС‚dh.
• struill a baton, cudgel, Irish sroghall, whip, rod, Old Irish sraigell; See sroghall.
• strumpaid a strumpet; from the English
• struth ostrich, Irish struth; from Latin struthio, whence, through Old French ostruche (= avis struthio), English ostrich.
• strС‰than cake made on St. Michael's eve and eaten on his day (Carm.):
• stuadh a wave, gable, pinnacle, scroll, Irish stuadh, gable, pinnacle, scroll, stuaidh-nimhe, rainbow, Middle Irish stuag-nime (do.), stuaid-lР№im, leap of the waves, Early Irish stСЉag, arch: *s-tuag, from Old Irish tuag, bow, belonging to the same root as tuagh, axe.
• stuaic ( M`A., Arms.), stuaichd ( H.S.D.), a little hill, round promontory, Irish stuaic: *s-tuag-c, from stuadh above. M`A. has the meaning "wry-neck" and sullen countenance, extreme boorishness", which is usually represented by stС‰ic. Stokes gives the Celtic as *stoukki-, Breton stuchyaff, to feather, Lithuanian stСЉgti, set on high, English steep.
• stuaim modesty, Irish stuaim, device, mien, modesty: *s-tuamm-, *tous-men, root tus, teus of tosd, silence.
• stС‰c , stС‰chd a little hill jutting out from a greater, a horn, Irish stucР±n,a small conical hill, stucach, horned; from Teutonic - Norse stСЉka, wing of a building; Scottish, English stook, Middle English stouke, a shock of corn (12 sheaves), stooks, small horns, Low German stu@-ke (properly a projection), a bundle, bunch. But cf. stuaic.
• stС‰ic , stС‰ichd a projecting crag, an angry or threatening aspect; from stС‰c above.
• stuidearra
• studious, steady, glum, Irish stuideurach, stuideur, a study.
• stuig incite, spur on dogs; from English stick.
• stuird huffiness, pride, Irish stuirteamhlachd (Con.); from Middle English sturte, impetuosity, sturten, impetuous, quarrelsome, Scottish sturt, vexation, anger, a side form of start.
• stС‰irt vertigo, a disease in sheep caused by water in the head, drunkenness; from Scottish sturdy, from Old F. estourdi, dizzy-headed, now ГЄtourdi, giddy-headed; from Latin extorpidire. From French comes English sturdy.
• stС‰r dust; from Scottish stour, Middle English stour, tumult.
• stС‰rr the rugged point of a rock or hill, sturrach, rugged: *s-tС‰rr, from turr = tС‚rr, q.v.? Cf. Norse staurr.
• stuth
• stuff, metal; founded on the English stuff.
• stuthaig dress with starch, starch (vb. and n.); from Scottish stiffing, starch, English stiff. Perthshire has stifinn.
• suabag a sweeping blow (Suth. R.D.):
• suacan a pot (M`F.), earthen furnace (Arms.), a basket hung in the chimney containing wood to dry (Dial.), anything wrought together awkwardly, as clay (M`A.), Irish suachgan (Lh.), an earthen pot; from suath?
• suaicean a bundle of straw or hay twisted together, a deformed person; See sС‰gan.
• suaicheantas ensign, escutcheon, Irish suaitheantas, a streamer, standard, escutcheon, su-aichintus, ensigns, colours (K.Meyer), Old Irish suaichnid, clear, demonstratio, for su-aithne, "easily known", from aithne, knowledge.
• suail
• small, inconsiderable (M`F.), Irish suaill, Early Irish suail, a trifle:
• suaimhneach genial, secure, Irish suaimhneach, peaceful, gentle, peaceable: *su-menmnach? See meamna.
• suain
• sleep, Irish suan, Early Irish, Old Irish sСЉan, Welsh hun, Breton hun: *supno-s, developing into *sofno-, *sovno, *souno-; Indo-European root svop, svep, sleep; Latin sopor, sleep; Sanskrit svР±pnas.
• suaineadh twisting, rope-twisting anything, a line for twisting round anything, Early Irish, Old Irish sСЉanem, g. suaneman, funis: *sognemon-, root sug, soug, Breton sug, trace, Welsh syg, chain, trace; Romance soga, rope, Italian soga, rope, leather band, Sp. soga, a linear measure, Port. soga, rush rope, Churw@"lwsch saga. Stokes finally refers sСЉanem to a stem-root *sogno- beside segno- (whence Early Irish sР№n, a net for catching birds, gin, root segh, hold, English sail), Lithuanian segС‰, fasten, saga, sledge. This divorces suaineadh from Gaelic suaicean and sС‰gan, q.v. Cf. Welsh hwynyn, hoenyn, a hair from a horse's tail, gin.
• suaip a faint resemblance; from Scottish swaup, swap, cast or lineaments of the countenance, Norse svipr, likeness, look, a swoop or flash.
• suaip exchange, swop; from the Scottish swap, English swop.
• suairc civil, meek, so Irish, Early Irish suarc(c); opposed to duairc: *su-arci-:
• suaiteachan wagging (tails) (Suth.); from suath?
• suanach a hide, skin, fleece, coarse garment, "plough rein" (Suth.); cf. Irish sunach, a kind of plaid:
• suarach insignificant, careless, Irish suarach: *svogro-, root sveg, sug, German schwach, weak, siech, sick, English sick. Cf. English sour, German sauer, *sГ»ra.
• suas up, upwards, Irish suas, Old Irish sСЉas: *s-uas, from uas, as in uasal, and the prefix s-, allied to the final s of Latin abs, ex, Greek @Ge@'/x, @GprСѓs, etc., and the initial s of Latin sub, super; possibly for *ens, Greek @Gei@'s, from en, and meaning "into", "to" (Rhys' Middle Pray.@+2 156).
• suath rub, mix, knead, Irish suathaim, knead, mix, Middle Irish sСЉathaim (do.), Early Irish suata, polished down, root sout, sut, mix; cf. English seethe, Norse sjСѓГ°a, cook, seethe, Gothic suaths, a burnt offering.
• sС‰bailte
• supple; from the English
• sС‰bh, sС‰bhag (suibheag or sui'eag, Dial.) a raspberry, subh, fruit generally (Arg.), Irish suibh, a strawberry, sughog, raspberry (Fol.), Old Irish subi, fragae, Welsh syfi, strawberry, Breton sivi; a side form to root su@g as in sС‰gh. Cf. Greek @Gu@`/fear, a kind of mistletoe.
• subhach merry, so Irish, Early Irish subach, Old Irish sube, joy; opposite of dubhach: *so-bv-io-, "well-being", from root bu, be (see bu, etc.).
• subhailc virtue, Irish subhailce (sСЉbhailc, Con.), Old Irish sualig, virtus, sualchi (pl.): *su-alich (Asc., Zim.@+1 54), root al of altram (Dr Cameron).
• suchd
• sake, account (M`A.):
• sud (Dial. sid), yon, Irish sСЉd, Early Irish sСЉt, siut, illud, illic, Welsh hwnt (h-wnt), other, yonder, Breton hont; from the root of so; sud = s-СЉt (Rhys). Also ud.
• sС‰dh a seam between the planks of a ship; from Norse sСЉГ°, a suture (only used for the clinching of a ship's boards), from sy/ja, sow, English sew, suture.
• sС‰g , sС‰gradh mirth, Irish sСЉgadh, sСЉgradh, Early Irish sucach:
• sС‰g
• suck, imbibe; from Scottish souk, sook, English suck, Anglo-Saxon sСЉcan. See sС‰gh.
• sugan , corra-shugain the reflection of rays of light from any moving luminous body from the roof or wall of a house:
• sС‰gan a rope of twisted straw, Irish sСЉgР±n, suagan, straw or hay rope, suag, a rope (O'R.): *souggo-, root soug of suaineadh, q.v. Hence suigean, a cirle of straw ropes in which grain is kept in a barn.
• sС‰gh juice, sap, also (as vb.) drain, suck up, Irish sСЉgh, sСЉghaim, Early Irish sСЉgim: *sГ»gГґ, suck, *sГ»go-, juice; Latin sГ»gГґ, suck; Anglo-Saxon sГ»can, English suck, soak. Welsh has sug, juice, sugno, suck. sСЉg, sСЉch, Welsh sug, from Latin sucus (Stokes).
• sС‰gh a wave (A.M`D.), motion of the waves (H.S.D.); root sup, swing, Lithuanian sС‰pti, swing, Latin dissipo, scatter?
• sС‰icean a gag for a calf; founded on sС‰g, Scottish sook.
• suidh
• sit, suidhe, a seat, sitting, Irish suidhim, Early Irish suidim, sudim, Old Irish suidigur, suide, a seat: *sodeiГґ, *sodio-n, root sed, sod, Welsh seddu, sedd, Breton azeza, sit; Latin sedeo; Greek @Ge@`/zomai, @Ge@`/dos, a seat; English sit, seat; Lithuanian se@?de@?ti; Sanskrit sР±dati, sa@-/dati, sit, set.
• sС‰il eye, Irish, Old Irish sСЉil: *sГ»li-s, allied to *sГўvali-s, sun, Welsh haul, heul, sun, Cornish heuul, Breton heaul; Latin sГґl, sun; Greek @Gc@`lios, (= sa@-vР№lios), sun; Gothic sauil, sun; Lithuanian sР±ule (do.).
• suilbh cheer, hospitality, geniality: *su-lubi-, root lubh, please, love, Latin libet, English love. It influences the meaning of suilbhir, originally "eloquent".
• suilbhir cheerful, so Irish, Middle Irish suilbir, Old Irish sulbir, eloquence, Early Welsh helabar, now hylafar, eloquence: from su- or so- and labhair, speak: "easy-spoken".
• suim a sum, Irish suim, Welsh sum, Middle English summe; from Latin summa, sum, chief.
• suim attention, respect, Irish suim; a metaphoric use of suim, sum (Dr Cameron).
• suipeir a supper, Irish suipР№ir; from the English
• suire a maid, nymph, Irish sСЉire ( O'Cl.), a siren (suire, O'Br., Lh., etc., mermaids); from Latin siren, with leaning on suirghe, courtship? Teh word is doubtful Gaelic; H.S.D. finds only an Ossian Ballad to quote.
• suiridhe a courting, suiridheach (better suirtheach or suireach, M`A.), a wooer, so Irish, also surighim, I woo, Middle Irish suirge, wooing, suirgech, procus: *su-reg-, root reg, direct, etc.?
• sС‰ist a flail, Irish suist(e), Middle Irish sust, suiste, Welsh ffust, Norse thust, sust, flail; from Latin fustis, club.
• sС‰ith
• soot, Irish sСЉithche, Middle Irish suithe, Old Irish suidi, fuligine, Welsh huddugl (cf. hudd, dark), Breton huzel (French suie): *sodio-, root sed, sit, settle; English soot, Anglo-Saxon sСѓt, Norse sСѓt. Doubtful.
• sС‰lair the gannet; from Norse sСЉla, sСЉlan, the gannet, whence English solan-goose.
• sulchar cheerful, affable; side-form of suilbhir?
• sult fat, fatness, joy, Irish sult, Early Irish sult: *sultu-, root svel; Anglo-Saxon swellan, English swell; Latin salum, sea; Greek @GsР±los, tossing.
• sumag cloth below a pack-saddle; ultimately from Late Latin sauma, pack-saddle, whence French sommier, mattress, English sumpter.
• sumaich give the due number (as of cattle for pasture); from Scottish soum.
• sumaid a billow, Irish sumaid ( O'R. and M`L., sС‰maid); seemingly from English summit. The Gaelic also means "external senses" (H.S.D.).
• sumain
• summon, a summons; from the English
• sumainn a surge, billow; See sumaid.
• sumair the drone of a bagpipe:
• sС‰mhail close-packed, tidy; opposite of dС‚mhail, q.v.
• sunais lovage - a plant, Irish sunais; also siunas:
• sunnd , sunnt good humour, cheerfulness, Irish sonntach, merry ( O'Cl., O'Br.), sonnda, bold, sСЉntaidh, active, Early Irish suntich, ( O'Cl., O'Br.), sonnda, bold, sСЉntaidh, active, Early Irish suntich, spirited: *sondeto-, English sound?
• sunnag an easy-chair of twisted straw:
• supail
• supple (M`A.); from the English
• sС‰rd alacrity, cheerfulness; cf. Welsh chwardd, laughter, Cornish wherzin, ridere; root sver, sing, speak; English swear, Latin susurrus, whisper, etc. Middle Irish sord, bright (*surdo-), is referred by Stokes to the same origin as Latin serenus.
• surrag vent of a kiln; cf. sС‚rn.
• surram-suain a sound sleep; surram, snoring noise as of one asleep:
• susbaint
• substance, Irish substaint; from Latin substantia.
• sС‰sdal a bustling, pother, affected shyness:
• suth anything (Dial.), Irish, Early Irish suth, weather; root su, produce, Early Irish suth, milk; Greek @Gu@`/ei, it rains; as in sС‰gh, q.v. Further allied is root su, beget, Old Irish suth, offspring, English sun.
• suthainn eternal, Irish suthain, Old Irish suthain, suthin; from su, so- and tan, time, q.v.; sСЉ-tan-Рјs (Stokes see).

© «lexicons.ru», 2012. Автор и владелец - Игорь Константинович Гаршин (см. резюме).
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