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An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language (R)

Домой:	Рус	Анг	Ита	Исп	Эсп

Здесь приведен этимологический словарь (на фонему R) гэльского (исконного шотландского) языка - пока на английском языке (см. английский словарный фонд).

R

• rР°bach litigious, Irish rР±bach, litigious, bullying:
• rabhadh a warning, so Irish, Early Irish robuth, forewarning: ro+buth, latter from *buto-, root @gu, cry, Greek @Gboc/, shout, Sanskrit gu, be heard. Welsh rhybudd is from the Root qu (Stokes, Rev.Celt.@+12).
• rabhart , reothairt springtide, Manx royart, Irish romhairt, rabharta, Middle Irish robarta, Old Irish robarti, malinas, (sing. *robarte), Welsh fhyferth: ro+bertio-, "pro-fero", root bher of beir.
• rabhan
• rhapsody, repetition, Irish rabhР±n, repetition: from ro and *ba, say, root bhГў, Latin fГўri, speak, English fame, fate.
• rabhart upbraiding, senseless talk; from ro and ber of abair, say, q.v.
• rabhd idle talk: *ro-bant, root ba, speak, as in rabhan.
• rac the ring kepping the yard to the mast, the "traveller"; from Norse rakki (do.).
• rР°c a rake, Irish rР±ca, Welsh rhacan; from Middle English rake, English rake.
• rР°c a drake; from the English, earlier English endrake. The loss of d is due to the article.
• racadh tearing; See srac.
• racadal horse-radish ( Sh., H.S.D., Arms.), rР°cadal ( M`E.), Irish rР±cadal; See rotacal.
• racaid noise; cf. the Scottish, English racket. Skeat takes the English from the Gaelic, referring the Gaelic to rac, to make a noise like geese or ducks. See rР°cail.
• rР°cail noise of geese (H.S.D.); cf. Scottish rackle. See rР°cain.
• rР°cain noise, riot, mischief, rР°caireachd, croaking, Irish racan; cf. Breton rakat, rakal, croak, raklat, cry as a hen; Latin raccare, cry as a tiger, Lithuanian re@?kti, cry, root rak. The words are greatly onomatopoetic.
• racan a bandy or crooked stick; cf. rac.
• racas sail hoop; See rac.
• rach go, Irish rachad, I will go, Early Irish ragat, ibo, Old Irish doreg, veniam; root reg, stretch. See Р№irich for the root connections.
• rachd vexation, moan, Irish rachd, a fit as of crying or tears: cf. racaid.
• rachd strength (Carm.):
• rachdan a tartan plaid worn mantle-wise:
• racuis
• rack, roasting apparatus, Irish raca; from the English rack, Middle English racke.
• radan a rat; from Scottish ratton, Middle English raton, now rat.
• rР°dh sayinng, Irish rР±dh, Old Irish rР±d, rР±idiu, I speak: Indo-European rГґdh-Р№jГґ; Gothic rГґdja, I speak; Sanskrit rГўdhayati, brings about; root re@-dh, re@--dh, re@-, of Latin reor, think, ratio, reason.
• radharc sight, Irish radharc, Early Irish radarc, rodarc: ro+darc; for darc See dearc, behold.
• rag a wrinkle, Irish rag (O'Br., etc.); See roc.
• rag stiff, benumbed, unwilling, Manx, rag, stiff, Irish rag (Fol.); *razgo-, root reg, rag, Latin rigeo, rigid, English rack, Norse rakr, straight, Lithuanian rezgС‰, knit. Hence rogaim (so Irish in Lh., etc.), sneeze-wort (Cam.).
• rag a rag; from the English
• ragair extortioner, villain; from English rack, as in rack-rent. Dial. Gaelic has rС‚gair, for and from "rogue".
• raghan, raghadh choice; See roghainn.
• raghan churchyard (Sutherland); cf. Irish rР±th, barrow, the same as Gaelic rР°th.
• raghar, radhar an arable but untilled field (H.S.D., Dial.):
• rР°ichd impertinence, idle prating (M`F., etc.):
• rР°ideil inventive, sly, Irish raideamhuil, cunning, sly:
• raidhlich
• rag, cast off clothes (Suth.); Latin reliquiae.
• rР°idse a prating fellow; founded on rР°dh.
• rР°inig came, Irish rР±naig, Old Irish rР±nic, vГЄnit; for r-Р±nic, ro-Р±nic; See thР°inig.
• raip filth, foul mouth, raipeas, foul mouth, rapach, slovenly, foul-mouthed; Middle Irish rap, annimals that draw food to them from earth, as the pig and its like (O'Cl.), Early Irish rap (Corm., rop for cows, etc.): rab-tho-, root rab, srab, Latin sorbeo? Stokes gives the stem as *rapno-, root rap of Latin rapio, I seize. The German raffen, seize, snatch, has also been suggested.
• raisean goat's tail:
• rР°ite a saying, dictum; for rР°dhte, a participial formation.
• rР°iteach covenanting, affiancing (Suth.); See rР°th, rР°than.
• rР°ith a quarter of a year, Irish rР±ithe, Middle Irish raithe: *rГўtio, from r@-@.t-, Sanskrit r@.tu, season of the year, appointed time for worship, Zend (ratu) do.
• rР°ith a threatening:
• raith prating largely (M`D.):
• raithneach , raineach fern, Irish raithneach, raith, Welsh rhedyn, cor. reden, Old Breton raten, Breton raden, Gaulish ratis: *pratis; Lithuanian papartis, Russ. paporoti@u; English fern.
• ramachdair a coarse fellow:
• ramair a blockhead, a romp; cf. ramalair.
• ramasg sea tangle:
• rР°mh an oar, Irish rР±mha, Old Irish rР±me, Welsh rhaw, spade, Cornish rГЄv, oar, Breton roenv: *rГўmo-; root ere re@-, ro@-; Latin rГЄmus, (resmo-); Greek @Ge@'retmСѓs; English rudder; Sanskrit aritras.
• ramhlair humorous, noisy fellow; from English rambler. Also, Badenoch Dial., ramalair, rambler.
• rР°n
• roar, cry; Sanskrit rГў, bark, ran@., sound, rГўyan@.a, crying; Church Slavonic raru@u, sonitus, Lettic rР±t, scold; and cf. Latin rГўnu, frog.
• rangoir a wrangler; founded on the English
• rann a division, portion, Irish, Old Irish rann, Welsh rhan, Cornish ran, later radn, Old Breton rannou, partimonia: *(p)rannГў, *pratsnГў, root par, per; Latin pars, partis, portio; Greek @Gporei@nn, supply, @GpР№pwtai (perf.pass. of @Gporei@nn).
• rann a quatrain, stave, Irish rann, Early Irish rann, rand; from rann above ( rann, stave, is mas. in Early Irish, the other rann is fem.).
• ranndair a murmuring, complaining (H.S.D., Dial.); cf. rР°n.
• rannsaich search, scrutinize, Irish rannsuighim; from Norse rannsaka, search a house, ransack, whence English ransack.
• ranntair a range, extent of territory: "division", from rann.
• raog a rushing (H.S.D., Dial.); cf. ruaig.
• raoic , raoichd hoarse sound or cry, wild roaring, as of bull; raibheic (M`A.), pronounced raoi'c, roar: *ro-beuc.
• raoine a young barren cow that had calf; cf. Scottish rhind, as in rhind mart, German rind, cattle, beeves. In Suth. reithneach.
• raoir , an raoir last night, Irish a raoir, a rР№ir, Old Irish arР№ir, *pre-ri, root as in riamh (Asc., St.). The Sanskrit rГўtri, night, has been compared, but the phonetics do not suit, and also Latin retro. Cf. also earar, uiridh.
• raoit indecent mirth; from Scottish riot (do.), English riot.
• raon a field, plain, road, so Irish, Early Irish roen, road, Old Irish roe, rСѓi, plain: *roves-no-, *roves-jГў? Latin rus, rГ»ris; English room. Norse rein, a strip of land, suggests the possibility of a Gadelic *roino-.
• rapach dirty-mouthed; See raip.
• rР°pach noisy, rР°pal, noise, Irish rР±pal, noise, bustle; founded on English rabble.
• ras a shrub ( M`F., not M`A. or M`E.), Irish ras ( O'Br., etc.):
• rР°san harsh, grating noise, loquacity, rР°sanach, discordant, Irish rР±scach, clamorous, talkative; cf. rР°n, for ultimate root.
• rР°sdail a rake, harrow, Early Irish rastal; from Latin rastellus, rake, hoe, rastrum, from rГўdo, scrape, English raze, rash, etc.
• rР°sdail sound of frying meat; cf. rС‚sd.
• rath prosperity, so Irish, Old Irish rath, gratia, Welsh rhad, grace, favour: *rato-n, root rГў, give; Sanskrit rГўti, gift, rГўs, rayis, property, Zend rГўta, gift; Latin rГЄs.
• rР°th a raft, Irish rathannaibh, (on) rafts (Four Masters); Latin ratis. The root is the same as that of rР°mh (= ret, rГўt here).
• rР°th , rР°than surety, vadimonium, Irish rath ( O'Br., O'Cl.), Old Irish rР±th; cf. Old Breton rad, stipulationes, which Stokes equates with Irish rath, and says that it is from Latin ra@utum (ratum facere = "ratify"), a derivation to which Loth objects. Hibernian Latin has rata for surety. The Latin and Gaelic are ultimately from the same root in any case (see rР°dh). ++rР°th a fortress, residence, Irish rР±th, Early Irish rР±th, rР±ith, g. rР±tha, Gaulish ratin, Argento-ratum: *rГўti-s, *rГўto-n; cf. Latin prГўtum, a mead. Welsh rhath, cleared spot; borrowed from Gaelic? (Rhys).
• rathad a road, Irish rР±thad, rСѓd; from Middle English roade, road, Anglo-Saxon rР±d; cf. Middle Irish ramhad (O'Cl.), Early Irish ramut (Corm.).
• rР№ the moon, Irish, Old Irish rР№, luna: *revi, Sanskrit ravi, sun.
• rР№ time, space, Irish rР№, Old Irish rР№, g. ree, space: *revesi-, the e form of Old Irish rСѓi, *rovesjГў, discussed under raon, q.v. Hence the prep. rР№, during, which governs the genitive.
• reabh wile, trick, reabhair, subtle fellow, reabhradh, disporting, as boys (Badenoch), Irish reabh (O'Cl.), reabhach, mountebank, the devil, reabhradh, Early Irish rebrad, boys playing, sporting; root reb, play. Bez. compares Middle High German reben, move, stir, Swiss rГ¤beln, to brawl, be noisy, to which add English rabble. Cf. Zim. Stud.@+1 83,84.
• reachd law, statute, so Irish, Old Irish recht, Welsh rhaith, Breton reiz, just: *rektu-, from the root reg; Latin rectum, right, rego, rule; English right.
• reachd a loud sob, keen sorrow, Irish rachd (also Gaelic rachd), Early Irish recht; cf. English reck.
• reamhar fat, Irish reamhar, ramhar, Early Irish remor (remro-), Welsh rhef, thick; root rem, to be thick; Norse ramr, strong, stark. Stokes gives the alternatives of Middle High German fram, vrom, sound, brave, Old Sax. furm, or Greek @GprР№mnon, stem, thick end.
• reang a wrinkle in the face: "a rib"; See reang, boat-rib.
• reang a rank, series; from early Scottish renk, Middle English reng, now rank; Irish ranc, Welsh rheng, Breton renk; Old French renc.
• reang a boat-rib, rangan (Sutherland), reang, a bar, pole (Carm.); from Norse rГ¶ng, g. rangar, a ship-rib. See rong.
• reang kill, starve (M`F.), Early Irish ringim, I tear, reangadh, to hang, reng, piercing or tearing. See tarruing.
• reannach spotted, striped: "starred"; See reannag.
• reannag a star, Irish reannР±n, Old Irish rind, constellation, signum, sidus: *rendi-, root red, r@.d, order; Lithuanian rinda, row, order, Ch.Slavonic re@?du@u, ordo; Greek @Ge@'rcrР№detai, fixed; Latin ordo (Fick, Prellwitz).
• reasach talkative, prattling (H.S.D., Dial.), Irish rР№ascach, rР±scach; See rР±san.
• reasgach stubborn, irascible, restive:
• reic sell, Irish reic, a sale, Old Irish recc, a sale, reccaim (vb.), also renim, I sell: root per, through, over ("sell over sea"); Greek peraw, sell, pass through, @GpiprР±skw, @Gperncmi, I sell; Lithuanian pirkti, perkС‰, buy. The Gadelic and Lithuanian how a secondary root perk, prek, Gadelic *(p)rek-kГў, while Old Irish renim and Greek @Gperncmi give a stem perna@--, prena@u- (Irish).
• rР№ic
• roar, howl (H.S.D.):
• rР№idh plain, smooth, Irish rР№idh, Old Irish rР№id, Welsh rhwydd, Old Welsh ruid, Old Breton roed, Middle Breton roez, Breton rouez: *reidi-; English ready, German bereit, Gothic garaids, ordered. Also Old Irish riadaim, I drive, Gaulish rГЄda, waggon, allied to English ride, German reiten, etc.
• rР№ilig a burying ground, Manx ruillick, Irish reilig, roilig, Early Irish relic(c), relec(c), Old Irish reilic, cemeterium; from Latin reliquiГ¦, relics.
• rР№im dominion, power, Irish rР№im:
• rР№im course, order, Irish rР№im, Old Irish rР№imm, inf. to rethim, I run: *reid-s-men-, root reid of rР№idh, Old Irish riadaim, I drive. Strachan suggests as alternates root rengh, spring, leap (cf. Welsh rhamu, soar), Greek @GrРЅmfa, quickly, German ge-ring, light, Lithuanian rengtis, hurry; or root ret, run (see ruith), *retmen, or rather, *ret-s-men, which would only give re@umm.
• rР№ir, a rР№ir according to, Irish a rР№ir, do rР№ir; dat. of riar, q.v.
• rР№is a race; from the English (H.S.D.). Cf. rР№ise, span, of Early Irish
• rР№is a span, Irish rР№ise: *prendsiГў, from sprend, Lithuanian sprР№stГ®, to measure a span, root sprend (Strachan).
• reisimeid a regiment; from the English
• rР№it , rР№ite concord, conciliation, Irish rР№idhteach; rР№idh, with terminal -tio-.
• reithe , reath a ram, Irish reithe, Early Irish rethe: *retio-; cf. Latin aries (*eriР№t-), Umbrian erietu (from eri-), Greek @Ge@'/riofos, etc., as in earb.
• reodh , reotha frost, Irish reСѓ, reodhadh, Early Irish reo, reod, Old Irish reСЉd, Welsh rhew, Cornish reu, gelu, Breton reo, rev. Stokes gives the stem as *regu-, even suggesting that the Gadelic forms are borrowed from the Cymric; Old Irish rР№ud he refers to *presatu-. Indo-European preus, whence Latin pruina, English freeze, has been suggested, but the vowels do not immediatley suit (preus would give rua-, rСѓ- or ro-, in Gaelic); yet *prevo-, a longer form (with or without s) of preu-s, can account for the Celtic forms.
• reub, riab tear, wound, Irish reubaim, rР№abaim, Early Irish rР№baim, rР№p-gaeth, rending wind: *reibbo-, root reib, English reap, ripe, and rip(?). Stokes gives the stem as *reip-nСѓ-, root reip of Greek @Ge@'reРЅpw, dash down, Latin rГ®pa, English rive, rift, Norse rifna, rumpi, rРЅfa, break. Gaelic reubainn, rapine, leans for its form and force on Latin rapina. Welsh rheibio, seize, is from Latin rapio.
• reubal a rebel; from the English
• reudan a timber moth; cf. Old Irish rР№tan, recula, small thing, from rР№t, now rud, q.v.
• reul pl., reultan, star, Irish reult, g. rР№ilte, Early Irish retla, g. retland, retglu, g. retgland ("rР№t glР№, bright thing", Corm.); perhaps rР№t, thing, and *gland, shining, German glanz (see gleus).
• reumail constant (Arms.); from rР№im, course.
• reusan
• reason, Irish reusun, Middle Irish rР№sСЉn, from Middle English reisun, now reason.
• reusbaid a beggar's brat (Arran), a rascal:
• ri to, against, Irish re, Old Irish ri, fri, in composition frith-, fris-, fre-, Welsh gwrth, wrth, versus, contra, re-, Cornish orth, Breton ouz; *vr@.ti, root vert, turn; Latin versus, against, to, verto, turn; English -wards, etc.
• riabhach brindled, greyish, so Irish, Middle Irish riab, a stripe: *reibГўko-, Lithuanian raРЅbas, mottled grey, Lettic raibs, motley, Old Prussian roaban, striped.
• riabhag a lark, Irish riabhСѓg, "grey one", from riabhach.
• riach cut the surface, graze. Although there is Indo-European reiko-, notch, break (Greek @Ge@'reРЅkw, tear, Lit raiky/ti, draw a furrow, etc., German reihe, row, English row), yet it seems most probable that riach is a variant of strРјoch, q.v.
• riachaid a distributing:
• riachlaid tattered garment (Suth.):
• riadh interest; from an older rРЅad, running, course (see rР№idh for root). Cf. for force Middle Irish rith, interest: "running".
• riadh a drill (as of potatoes, Badenoch): "course, running", as in the case of riadh above. See riamh.
• riadh a snare: *reigo-, root rig in cuibhreach?
• riaghailt a rule, Irish riaghail, Old Irish riagul, riagol; from Latin rГЄgula, English rule. Hence also riaghail rule thou.
• riaghan a swing, swinging; cf. Irish riagh, gallows, riaghadh, hanging, gibbeting, Old Irish riag, gibbet. Cf. riadh, snare.
• riamh a drill (of potatoes, turnips, etc, M`A. for Skye); See riadh. H.S.D. gives the meaning of "series, number", Irish rРЅomh, Old Irish rРЅm, number, Welsh rhif, as in Р°ireamh, q.v.
• riamh ever, before, Irish riamh, Old Irish riam, antea: *reimo-, preimo-, Indo-European pri, prГ®, belonging as a case to pro, before, and per; Latin pri- (in pris cus, primus, etc.), Lith. pri, Gothic fri-, See roimh.
• rian order, mode, sobriety, Irish rian, way or path, Early Irish rian, way, manner: *reino-, root rei; Latin rГ®tus, English rite (Strachan).
• riar will, pleasure, Irish riar, Old Irish riar, voluntas: *prГ®jarГў (Stokes), root prГ®, love, please; English friend, Gothic frijon, to love; Church Slavonic prijati, be favourable; Sanskrit pri@-/yate, be gratified, prГ®n@.Гўti, enjoy.
• riasail tear asunder, riasladh, mangling, tearing asunder: *reik-so-, root reik, notch, break; Greek @Ge@'reРЅkw, tear? Cf. riastradh riach; and riaghan, a swing.
• riasg dirk-grass, morass with sedge, land covered with sedge or dirk-grass, Manx reeast, wilderness, Irish riasg, moor or fen, Early Irish riasc, morass; *reisko-; cf. Latin rГ»scum (*roiscum?), butcher's broom, English rush. Scottish reesk, coarse grass, marshy land, is from Gaelic
• riasglach a mangled carcase (H.S.D., Dial.); from stem of riasail.
• riaspach , riasplach confused, disordered; See riastradh.
• riastradh turbulance, confusion, wandering, Early Irish rРЅastrad, distortion. For root, cf. riasail. Welsh rhywstro, obstruct ( Hend.).
• riatach wanton, illegitimate; cf. English riot.
• rib hair, snare, Irish ribe, ruibe, hair, whisker. See ribeag.
• ribeag
• rag, tassel, fringe, ribean, riband, Irish ribeСѓg, rag, tassel, ribleach, a long line, anything tangled, ribРЅn, riband; from Middle English riban, Old French riban (Breton ruban).
• ribheid a reed, bagpipe reed, musical note, Irish ribheid; from Middle English re@-od, now reed.
• rРјbhinn , rРјoghann a nymph, young lady, quean, Irish rРЅoghan, queen, Early Irish rРЅgan, a derivative of rРјgh, king. Gaelic leans, by proper etymology, on rРјgh-bhean.
• rideal a riddle; from the English
• ridhe field, bottom of a valley (H.S.D.); better righe. See ruighe.
• ridir a knight, Irish ridire, Early Irish ritire, Welsh rheidyr; from Anglo-Saxon ridere, horseman, ridda(n), knight, German ritter, knight, Norse riddari, rider, knight; from the verb ride (see rР№idh).
• rРјgh a king, Irish rРЅgh, Old Irish rРЅ, g. rРЅg, Welsh rhi, Gaulish -rix, pl. -riges: *rГЄks, g. rГЄgos; Latin rex, rГЄgis; Gothic reiks, ruler, English rich, -ric; Sanskrit rГўj, king, our rajah.
• righ stretch (on a death bed), Irish righim, stretch, reach, Early Irish rigim, Latin rego, etc., as under righinn.
• righil a rell, dance; See ruithil.
• righinn tough, pliant, tenacious, Irish righin: *reg-eni-; root reg, stretch, Greek @Go@'rР№gw, stretch, Latin porrigo, rego, etc. See Р№irich.
• rinn a point, promontory, Irish rind, Old Irish rinnd, rind, Welsh rhyn, pehrhyn, cape. It has been analysed as ro-ind, "fore-end", Early Irish ind, end, English end. Cf. reannag, however.
• rinn did, Irish rinn, Old Irish rigni, fecit; from ro and gni of nРј, will do, q.v. See also gnРјomh.
• riochd appearance, form, Irish riochd, Old Irish richt, Welsh rhith: *riktu-, *r@.ktu- (?); for root, See that of dorch.
• riodag kind of sea-gull (Lewis); Norse rytr, sea-gull.
• riof the reef of a sail; from the English
• riofa brimstone (Nunro's Greek):
• rРјomhach fine, costly, handsome, Irish rРЅmheighe, finery, delicateness: *rГ®mo-, "measured"; root rГ®m of Р°ireamh?
• rionnach, reannach a mackerel: "streaked, spotted", from reann, star, connstellation. See reannag.
• riopail mangle, tear (H.S.D.); founded on English rip.
• riplis weakness in the back (Suth); Scottish ripples.
• rРјreadh, a rРјreadh
• really, in earnest, Irish rРЅreadh, da rРЅreadh or rРЅribh, revera; from *ro-fhРјr, very true?
• risteal a surface plough, used in the Hebrides, drawn by one horse and having a sickle-like coulter, Scottish ristle; from the Norse ristill, ploughshare, from rРЅsta, cut.
• rithisd, rithis
• rРјs, a rithisd, etc., again, Irish arРЅs, Old Irish arithissi, afrithissi, rursus. Ascoli suggests *frith-Р№isse, from Р№is, vestigium (see dР№is). Others have derived it from *ar-fithis, Old Irish fithРЅssi, absidas, fithis, a circle, orbit. The a at the beginning is for ar-: *ar-frithissi, that is, air, by, on, q.v. The root may well be sta, stand, reduplicated to *sistio-: thus *frith(sh)issi-, "resistere, backness".
• ro very, Irish rСѓ, Old Irish ro-, Welsh rhy-, Breton re, Old Breton ro-, ru-, Gaulish ro- (Ro-smerta, Ro-danos, etc.): *ro-, *pro-, which is both a verbal and an intensive particle; Latin pro; Greek @GprСѓ, before; English fore, for; Sanskrit pra, before.
• rС‚b coarse hair; founded on English rope.
• robair a robber; from the English The Irish has robail for "rob".
• robhas notification, information about anything lost; cf. robhadh for root, the old form of rabhadh, q.v.
• robhd a runt; English rout?
• roc a rock; from the English roc, a tempest covered rock (Heb.), so M`K., who derives from Norse rok.
• roc a wrinkle, crease, Irish rocР±n, rug; from the Norse hrukka, wrinkle, fold, English ruck, fold (Thurneysen). See rug.
• rС‚c a hoarse voice; founded on the Norse hrСѓkr, rook, croaker, Gaelic rС‚cas, crow, Norse hrСѓkr, rook. Welsh has rhoch, grunt, groan, Breton roc'ha, which Stokes refers to *rokka, Greek @GrР№gkw, snore.
• rocail tear, corrugate; in the latter sense, it is from roc, wrinkle, and, probably, the first meaning is of the same origin. See, however, racadh.
• rС‚cas a crow; from Norse hrСѓkr, Middle English rook, Anglo-Saxon hr/oc.
• rС‚chd a cough, retching (Dial.); See rС‚c.
• rС‚d a way, road, Irish rСѓd, Early Irish rСѓd; from Anglo-Saxon rР±d, Middle English rode, now road.
• rС‚d a quantity of sea-weed cast on the shore; cf. Irish rСѓd, a cast, shot (O'R.), Early Irish rout.
• rС‚d a rood (of land or mason-work); from the English
• rodach sea-weed growth on timber under water; cf. rС‚d, sea weed.
• rodaidh
• ruddy, darkish, Middle Irish rotaide: *rud-do-, root rud, roud of ruadh, q.v.
• rС‚g , rС‚gair a rogue; from the English
• roghainn a choice, Irish rogha, g. roghan, Early Irish rogain, n.pl., Old Irish rogy: *ro-gu, root gu, gus, of taghadh, q.v. Stokes gives the stem as *rogГґn and the root as rog, which (Bez.Beit.@+18) he correlates with Latin rogo, ask. Bez. suggests Lithuanian rogР±uti, to cost.
• rС‚ib filth, sqalid beard, filth about the mouth; cf. rС‚pach for root.
• rС‚ic a sumptuous but unrefined feast; seemingly founded on the Scottish rouch as applied to a feast - "plentiful but rough and ready".
• rС‚ic tear ( H.S.D.; Sh. and Arms. have roic); See rocail.
• roid bog myrtle, Irish rideog (O'R.), Middle Irish raidleog, darnel, raideog, bogmyrtle (St.): *raddi. Cf. ras.
• roid a race before a leap, a bounce or spring: *raddi-, *raz-di-, root ras, as in English race?
• roilean snout of a sow; really the "rolled" up part of the snout, and so possibly from English roll.
• roileasg a confused joy, roille, a fawning or too cordial reception; cf. Irish rСѓthoil, exceeding pleasure, from toil, will. Also Gaelic roithleas.
• roimh before, Irish roimh, Old Irish rem-: *(p)r@.mo- (Stokes), root per, as in ro (= pro); in form, nearest allied to English from, Gothic fruma, Lithuanian pirm, before. In the pronominal compounds, where s begins the pronoun, the m and s develop an intermediate p coincident with the eclipse of the s: rompa = *rom-p-shu, where su = sГґs (see -sa).
• rС‚in, rС‚ineag (also rС‚inn, rС‚inneag), Irish rСѓine, rСѓinne, a hair, especially a horse hair, Welsh rhawn, coarse long hair, Cornish ruen, Breton reun, a hair, bristle, Sanskrit roman, hair, etc: *rГўni-; cf. Irish ruain, hair of tail of cow or horse, ruainne, a hair.
• roinn division, share, Irish roinn, Middle Irish roinded, divided: *ranni-, an i stem from rann, q.v.
• rС‚isead
• rosin; from the Scottish roset, English rosin.
• roiseag a small potato (M`D.):
• rС‚iseal surge of a wave, the impetus of a boat, an assault, boasting; from the Scottish roust, strong tide or current, Norse rГ¶st, a stream or current in the sea. In the sense of "boast", it is from Scottish rouse, roose, Norse rausan, boasting.
• rС‚isgeul a romance, rhodomontade; from ro, very, and sgeul, a tale, q.v.
• rС‚ist
• roast, Irish rСѓsdaim, Welsh rhostio; from the English roast, Old French rostir, from Old High German rГґst, craticula.
• roithlean a wheel, pulley, Irish roithleР±n; from roth, q.v.
• rol , rola a roll, volume, Irish rolla; from Middle English rolle, Old French rolle, Latin rotula; now English roll.
• rС‚laist a romance, exaggeration; cf. Scottish, English rigmarole.
• rС‚mach hairy, rough:
• romag meal and whisky (Sutherland):
• rС‚mhan wild talk, raving, rigmarole (Dial.); from English row? from Roman? Cf. Welsh rhamant, romance, Irish ramР°s, romance.
• rС‚n the seal, Irish rСѓn, Old Irish rСѓn (before 900), Welsh moelron: *rГўno-; Lettic rohns, seal (W.Meyer, Zeit.@+28 119). Stokes holds rСѓn as an old borrow from Anglo-Saxon hron or hrСѓn, hrР±n, whale, while the Lithuanian rС‰inis, Lettic rГµnis, seal, must be from Teutonic. Zimmer suggests Norse hreinn, reindeer, Anglo-Saxon hrР±n. Cf. names RСѓnР±n, RСѓnСѓc, Mac Ronchon.
• rong a joining spar, rung, boat-rib, rongas, rungas (Dial.), Irish runga; from Middle English ronge, rung of a ladder, runge, Anglo-Saxon hrung; now English rung; Norse rГ¶ng, main rafter, pole. The words reang and rang or rangan, "boat-rib", are from the Norse.
• rong the vital spark, life:
• rongair a lounger; cf. rongair.
• rongair , rong a lean person; from rong, rung: "like a ladder". The Scottish has rung in this sense: "an ugly, big-boned animal or person".
• ronn a slaver, a spittle, Early Irish ronna, running of the nose: *runno-; cf. English run.
• rС‚p a rope, Irish rСѓpa; from Middle English rope, roop, Anglo-Saxon rР±p; now English rope.
• rС‚pach slovenly, squalid, Irish rСЉpach, a young slut: *roub-tho-; cf. English rub.
• rС‚ram dealing extensively with a family in provisions, etc.; liberality (M`A.):
• ros seed, ros lРјn, flax seed (Armstrong's only use for it), Irish ros, flax seed, Middle Irish ros, genealogy, Early Irish ross lРЅn, flax seed (Corm.), ros, genealogy, to which Strachan compares Gothic frasts, for fra-s@?t-s, from pro-sto (Stokes), a child. A usual word for seed is fras, which also means a "shower", but both are ultimately from *verso, flow, whence Greek @Ge@'/rsc, @Ge@`rsc, dew, and @Ga@'rscn, male. Dr. Cameron compared Greek @GprР±son, leek (*pr@.so), English furze.
• ros a promontory, Irish ros, promontory (North Ireland), wood (South Ireland; its usual Irish meaning), Early Irish ross, promontory, wood; in the former sense from *pro-sto-s, "standing out before", root sta, stand, Latin sto, English stand, etc.; especially Sanskrit prastha, plateau. In the sense of "wood", ros is generally regarded as the same word as ros, promontory, explained as "promontorium nemorosum", with which is compared Welsh rhos, a moor, waste, coarse highland, Breton ros, a knoll.
• rС‚s
• rose, Irish rСѓsa, Middle Irish rСѓs, Welsh rhosyn; from the Middle English rose, Anglo-Saxon rСѓse, from Latin ro@usa. The word rС‚s has also the metaphoric meaning of "erysipelas".
• rС‚s knowledge (Carm.):
• rosad mischance, evil spell: *pro-stanto-, "standing before, obstruction", root sta. Cf. faosaid.
• rosg an eye, eyelid, Irish rosg, Old Irish rosc, oculus: *rog-sko-, root reg, rog, see, Irish rР№il, clear (*regli-); Lithuanian regiС‰, I See (Bez. apud Stokes). See dorch.
• rosg aincitement (to battle), war ode, Irish rosg, Early Irish rosc: *ro-sqo-, root seq, say, as in sgeul, cosg, q.v.
• rot a belch, bursting as of waves (H.S.D., Dial.); from French rot.
• rotacal horse radish; from Scottish rotcoll.
• rotach a rush at starting, a running:
• rotach
• rough weather, rСѓtach? (Lewis); Norse rСѓta, storm.
• rotach a hand rattle to frighten cattle:
• rotach a circle of flith on one's clothes (M`A. for Islay), rotair, a sloven:
• rotadh cutting, dividing; from Scottish rot, lines drawn on the ground to show the work to be done, to furrow, rut; cf. English rut.
• rotal a ship's wake; cf. English rut, route, Latin ruptГў.
• roth a wheel, Irish, Old Irish roth, Welsh rhod (f.), Breton rod: *roto-, root ret, rot; Latin rota, wheel; German rad; Latin rР±tas, Lettic rats; Sanskrit rР±thas, waggon. Same root as ruith, q.v. Hence rotha, a roll (of tobacco), rothaich, roll thou, swathe.
• rotha a screw or vice:
• ruadh
• red, ruddy, Irish ruadh, Early Irish rСЉad, Welsh rhudd, Cornish rud, Breton ruz: *roudo-; Latin rГ»fus, rГ»ber; Greek @Ge@'ruqrСѓs; Gothic rauГѕs. Anglo-Saxon rР№ad, English red (Scottish reid, Reid); Lithuanian raudР°, red colour.
• ruag pursue, ruaig, flight, Irish ruaig (n.), Early Irish ruaic: *rounko-, rouk, root rou, Latin ruo, rush, fall.
• ruaim a flush of anger on the face, Irish ruaim, ruamnadh, reddening: *roud-s-men, from *roud of ruadh.
• ruaimhsheanta hale and jolly though old (M`A. for Islay):
• ruaimill
• rumble (M`A.); from the English
• ruaimle a dry pool, muddy water (Sh.), Irish ruaimle. In Gaelic the word means also the same as ruaim above, whence indeed ruaimle as "muddy pool" may also be. Cf. Scottish drumblie.
• ruaimneach strong, active, Middle Irish ruamach, Early Irish rСЉamna (?): *rous-men-; Latin ruo, rush.
• ruais a rhapsody (M`A.):
• ruamhair dig, delve, Irish rСѓmhairim, rСѓghmhar, digging, Early Irish ruamor; root rou, reu, rГ», dig; Latin ruo, dig, rГўta, minerals; Lithuanian rР±uti, dig up.
• ruapais
• rigmarole (M`A.):
• ruathar violent onset, skirmish, spell, so Irish, Early Irish rСЉathar, Welsh rhuthr, impetus, insultus: *routro-, root rou, to rush on; Latin ruo, rush.
• rub
• rub; from the English
• rС‰bail a tumult, rumbling (M`A.); formed on English rumble.
• ruc , rucan ( H.S.D., M`A.), rС‰c, rС‰can ( M`E., etc.), a rick of hay; from Scottish ruck, English rick, ruck, Norse hraukr, heap.
• rucas jostling kind of fondness:
• rС‰chan , rС‰can the throat, wheezing; cf. Scottish roulk (= rouk), hoarse, French rauque, hoarse, from Latin raucus.
• rС‰chd a grunt, belch, rumbling noise; from Latin ructo, belch, erГ»gere, epit out, Lithuanian rСЉgiu, belch. Cf. Scottish ruck, belch.
• rud a thing, Dial. raod (Arg., Arran), rudach (Arran raodach), hospitable, Irish rud (g. roda), raod, Old Irish rР№t, g. rР№to: *rentu-s; Sanskrit rР±tna, property, goods; also root rГў of rath, q.v.
• rС‰dan a knuckle, a tendon: *runto-:
• rudha a promontory, Irish rubha, Early Irish rube: *pro-bio-, "being before"; from root bu of the verb "to be"; See bi.
• rudha a blush, Early Irish ruidiud; from root rud, a short form of roud in ruadh, q.v.
• rudhag , rС‰dhag (Suth.), a crab, partan:
• rudhagail thrift (M`A.):
• rС‰dhan a small stack of corn ( H.S.D., M`E.); See rС‰than, peat heap, with which and with rС‰can this form and meaning are made up.
• rС‰dhrach searching, groping, Irish rСЉdhrach, a darkening:
• rug wrinkle, Irish rug; from Norse hrukka, a wrinkle, fold, English ruck, a crease.
• rub caught, Irish rug, Early Irish ruc, rucc, tulit, Old Irish rouic: *ro+ucc-, where ucc = *ud-gos-a, root ges, carry, Latin gero, gestum. See thug.
• ruga
• rough cloth (M`A.); from English rug, Middle English ruggi, hairy, Swed. ruggig.
• rugadh a greedy grasping of anything; from Scottish rook, deprive of, rookit, cleared out.
• rugaid a long neck (H.S.D.):
• rugair a drunkard ( H.S.D. says Dial., M`A. says N.); from the English For phonetics, cf. rР°c, drake.
• rugha a blush; See rather rudha, but rucce ( Corm.) shame, reddening (O'Cl.).
• ruic undesirable fondness (M`D.):
• ruicean a pimple: *rud-ki-, from rud, roud, red, as in ruadh.
• ruidhil , ruidhle (Arg.), a dance; See ruithil.
• ruidhil a yarn reel; from Middle English reel, hrР№ol, Anglo-Saxon hrР№ol.
• ruidhleadh
• rolling; from ruith, roth.
• ruidhtear a glutton, riotous liver; from English rioter.
• ruididh merry, frisky, Irish ruidР№iseach, from ruidР№is, a sporting mood. Cf. ruidhtear.
• ruig half castrated ram; from English rig, ridgeling.
• ruig
• reach, arrive at, Old Irish riccim, riccu; from ro and iccim, for which See thig. Hence gu ruig, as far as, Old Gaelic gonice (Book of Deer), Early Irish corrici.
• ruighe an arm, forearm, Irish righ, Early Irish rig, forearm: *regit-, root reg, stretch, Latin rego, etc. See ruigheachd.
• ruighe the outstretched part or base of a mountain, shealing ground, Early Irish rige, rigid, a reach, reaches; from the root reg, stretch, as in the case of the foregoing words.
• ruigheachd , ruighinn
• reaching, arriving, Irish righim, I reach, inf. riachdain, rochdain, Early Irish rigim, porrigo: *regГґ; Latin rego, erigo, porrigo, I stretch; Greek @Go@'rР№gw, stretch; further is English right, etc. See Р№irich.
• ruighean wool-roll ready to spin; from the same rroot as ruighe.
• ruinn a point; See rinn.
• ruinnse a long stick or stake, an animal's tail, rump:
• ruinnse a rinsing, rinser; from English rinse.
• ruis a rash; formed from the English Cf. Lithuanian russus, root rud.
• ruiteach
• ruddy, Early Irish rutech: *rud-tiko-, from rud, roud of ruadh. Stokes (Rev.Celt.@+8 366) explained it as *rudidech, but this would give Gaelic ruideach.
• ruith
• run, Irish riothaim, Old Irish rethim, perf. rР±ith, inf. rith (d. riuth, Welsh rhedu, to run, rhed, race, Breton redek, Gaulish petor-ritum, four wheeler: *retГґ; Lithuanian, Lettic ritС‰, I roll; Latin rota, wheel, rotula, English roll, Latin rotundus, English round. See roth.
• ruithil a reel, dance, also righil, ruidhil: *retoli-, root ret, run, wheel, as in ruith; Latin rotula, little wheel, rotulare, revolve, English roll. Hence English reel (Skeat). The borrowing may be, however,, the other way, and English reel, dance, be the same as reel, a spindle or bobbin. *roteli?
• rС‰m a room, Irish rСЉm, Middle Irish rСЉm, floor (O'Cl.); from the English
• rumach a marsh:
• rumpull the tail, rump; from the Scottish rumple, English rump.
• rС‰n intention, love, secret, Irish, Old Irish rСЉn, Welsh rhin: *rГ»nes-; Gothic, Old High German, Norse rСЉnar, English runes; Greek @Ge@'reunР±w, seek out; root revo, search.
• rС‰sal search, turn over things, scrape, rС‰sladh, rusleadh, rusling, moving things about (Perth); from English rustle; for ultimate root, See rС‰n.
• rС‰sg a fleece, skin, husk, bark, Irish rusg, Old Irish rСЉsc, cortex, Welsh rhisg, cortex, Cornish rusc, cortex, Breton rusgenn, rusk, bark: *rГ»sko-; whence French ruche, beehive (of bark), Old French rusche, rusque, Pied. rusca, bark. Stokes thinks the Celtic is probably an old borrwo from the Teutonic - Middle High German rusche, rush, English rush, rushes; but unlikely. The Cornish and Breton vowel u does not tally with Gadelic Г»; this seems to imply borrowing among the Celts themseles.
• rС‰ta a ram, ridglinng; from Norse hrСЉtr, ram.
• rС‰tachd
• rutting: from the English
• rutaidh surly ( Carm.): rut, ram ( Carm.).
• rС‰tan the hor of a roebuck:
• ruth desire (Carm.):
• rС‰than (better rС‰ghan), a peat heap (= dais); from the Norse hrСЉgi, heap.
• rutharach quarrelsome, fighting (H.S.D. marks it obsolete; Arms.), Irish rСЉtharach (O'R.); from ruathar.

© «lexicons.ru», 2012. Автор и владелец - Игорь Константинович Гаршин (см. резюме).
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