cР°, ca
where, Irish cР±, how, where, who; a by-form to cia, cРё, q.v.
cab
a gap, indentation, mouth, Irish cab, mouth, head, gap, cabach, babbling, indented. The word is borrowed from two English words - gap and gab (Middle English gabben, chatter); Gaelic has also gab, directly from gab of the Scottish Hence cabach, gap-toothed.
cР°bag
a cheese; Scottish cabback, kebbock. The latter form (kebbock) is probably from a Gaelic ceapag, cepag, obsolete in Gaelic in the sense of "a cheese", but still used for the thick wooden wheel of wheel-barrows; it is from Gaelic ceap. Scottish cabback is a side form of kebbock, and it seems to have been re-borrowed into Gaelic as cР°bag. The real Gaelic word for "a cheese" is now mulachag.
cabaist
cabbage, Irish gabР±isde; from the English
cР°ball
a cable, Irish cabla; from English cable, which, through French, comes from Latin capulum.
cabar
a rafter, caber, deer's horn, Irish cabar, Welsh ceibr, rafters, Old Breton cepriou, beams; from a Medieval Latin *caprio, a rafter, capro, caprones (which exists as a genuine 8th century word), French chevron, rafter. caprio is from caper, goat; Latin capreoli, goat-lets, was used for two beams meeting to support something, props, stays.
cabasdar, cabstar
a bit, curb, Welsh cebystr, Breton kabestr; from Latin capistrum, halter, "head-holder", from caput.
cabhag
hurry:
cabhlach
a fleet, Irish cobhlach, cabhlach, Early Irish coblach; *cob-lach; from kub, *qu@g, curve, root of Latin cymba, boat, Greek @GkСЉmbc, boat, cup, especially Latin cybaea, a transport (*kubaРЅa.
cabhladh
ship's tackle, Irish cР±bhluighe; cf. cabhlach and English cable.
cР°bhruich
sowens, flummery, Irish cР±thbhruith; from cР±th and bruith, q.v.
cabhsair
causeway, Irish cabhsa; from English causey, causeway, from Old French caucie, from Latin calciata (via).
cabhsanta
dry, snug; from Scottish cosie, colsie, English cosy, whose origin is unknown.
cabhtair
an issue, drain in the body (M`D., who, as cautair, explains it as "an issue or cauter"); from English cauter.
cabhuil
a conical basket for catching fish; from Middle English cawell, a fish basket, still used in Cornwall, Anglo-Saxon cawl. Cf. Breton kavell, bow-net, Old Breton cauell, basket, cradle; from Latin cauuella, a vat, etc. (Loth, Ernault).
cР°blaid
turmoil, hindrance, trouble (Wh.): See cР°praid.
cabon
capon (M`D.), Irish cabСЉn; from English capon.
cac
excrement, so Irish, Early Irish cacc, Cornish caugh, Breton kac'k, *kakko-; Latin caco; Greek @GkР±kkc; Sanskrit Г§Р±ka, g. Г§aknР±s.
cР°ch
the rest, others, Irish, Old Irish cР±ch, quivis, Welsh pawb, all, Breton pep, *qР±qe; root qo@-, qo, qe of co and gach, q.v.
cachdan
vexation, Irish cacht, distress, prioner, Early Irish cachtaim, I capture, Welsh caeth, slave, confined: *kapto-, caught; Latin capio, captus; Gothic haban, English have.
cachliadh
( Arms.), cachaleith ( H.S.D.), a gate; co-cliath, "co-hurdle"; See cliath, cleath, hurdle, wattle. Also cachliag, (C.S.). It has also been explained as cadha-chliath, "hurdle-pass". Carmichael gives alternate cliath-na-cadha.
cadadh
tartan cloth, hose tartan, Manx cadee, cotton; English caddow (16th cent.), an Irish quilt or cloak; doubtless from English caddis, worsted, crewel work, etc., French cadis, woolen serge. See also catas.
cadal
sleep, Irish codladh, Old Irish cotlud, vb. contulim: *con-tul-, root tol; Church Slavonic toliti, appease, placare, Lithuanian tilas, quiet (Persson). The root tol, tel, appears in trР°th, gentle, Latin tolerare, Scottish thole.
cadan
cotton (Sh.); from English cotton. Properly codan, which is the usual dialect form. See cotan. For Irish cadР±s, cotton, See catas.
cadha
a pass, narrow pass, entry; cf. Irish caoi, way, road, Early Irish cР±i, which Stokes, however, refers to the root ci as in Latin cio, move, Greek @GkРЅw, go, a derivation which does not suit the Gaelic phonetically. cae (Meyer).
cadhag
jackdaw, Irish cabhСѓg, Middle Irish caog; *ca-Сѓg, the ca-er or crier of ca, caw; on onomatopoetic origin. Cf. English caw; also chough, from a West Teutonic kГўwa-.
cadhag
a wedge (M`A. for Skye):
cadhan
wild goose, barnacle goose, so Irish; cf. English caw, for possibly the name is onomatopoetic. Corm. (B) cadan.
cadh-luibh
the cud-weed (Sh. gives cad-luibh, and O'Br.), Irish cadh-luibh; from Middle English code, a cud. M`A. omits the word; it is clearly Irish. The Gaelic is cnР°mh lus, which is its Latin name of gnaphalium in folk etymology.
cadhmus
a mould for casting bullets; from Scottish cawmys, calmes (16th century), caums, English calm, came.
cagailt
a hearth, Irish cagailt, raking of the fire (O'R.):
cagar
a whisper, Irish cogar, Middle Irish coccur; cechras, qui canet, cairche, sound; root kar, of Latin carmet, Greek @Gkc@nrux, herald (Stokes).
cagaran
darling: *con-car-; root car, dear, as in caraid.
caglachan
something ground to pulp or dust (M`D.):
cagnamh
chewing, Irish cognadh, Middle Irish cocnum, Old Irish cocnom: *con-cnР±mh; See cnР°mh.
caibe
a spade, turf cutter, Irish coibe, cuibe (O'R., Fol.), Welsh caib, Old Cornish cep.
caibeal
a chapel (M`D.); from Latin capella. The Gaelic really is seipeal, q.v.
caibheis
giggling, laughing:
caibideil, caibdeil
a chapter, Irish caibidil, Early Irish caiptel, Welsh cabidwl; from Latin capitulum, whence Old French chapitre, English chapter.
caidir
cherish, so Irish See caidreabh.
caidreabh
fellowship, affection, vicinity, so Irish, Middle Irish caidrebh, Celtiberian Contrebia: *con-treb-; See aitreabh, treabh.
caig
conversation, claque (Arg.); teaze (Perth):
caigeann
a couple (of animals), coupling: *con-ceann; from ceann, q.v.
caigeann
a winding pass through rocks and brushwood, a rough mountain pass (Dial. = cadha-Р№iginn).
caigeann
scrimmage (M`D.):
cР°il
condition, vigour, appetite, anything (cР°ileigin), Irish cР±il, Welsh cael, to have, get, enjoy, *kapli-, *kapelo-: root qap; Latin capio, English have.
cailbhe
a partition wall (of wattle or clay, etc.); from calbh, q.v.
cailc
chalk, Irish, Early Irish cailc, Welsh calch; from Latin calx, calcis, whence also English chalk.
caile
girl, wench, Irish caile, hussy, Early Irish caile; cf. Breton plac'h, girl; Greek @Gpallakc/, concubine, Latin pellex. Usually caileag, girl.
cР°ileach
husks, Irish cР±ithleach: cР±ith-lach; s ee cР°th. From cР°th comes also cР°ilean, a husk.
caileadair
philosopher, star-gazer; from the English calender, a mendicant dervish, from Persian qalander.
cailidear
snot, rheum ( M`F., cailidhir in Sh.). O'R. improves this into cailidР№ar.
cailis
chalice, Irish cailРЅs; from Latin calix, cup, English chalice.
cailise
kails, ninepins (M`D.); from English kails, Middle English cailis, from keyle, a peg, German kegel, a cane, ninepin.
cailleach
old wife, nun, so Irish, Old Irish caillech, "veiled one"; from caille, veil, which is from the Latin pallium, cloak, English pall.
caillteanach
eunuch, so Irish; from caill, lose. See call.
cР°imein
a mote, Irish cР±im, a stain, blemish; from cР°m.
caimeineach
saving (Carm.):
caimhleachadh, caingleachadh
restraining (Carm.).
caimir
a fold:
caimleid
camlet; from the English
cР°in
a tax, a tribute, Irish cР±in, Early Irish cР±in, statute, law: *kap-ni-, root qap, as in cР°il? Stokes refers it to the root kГўs, order, Sanskrit Г§Гўs (do.), Latin castigare, castus, Gothic hazjan, praise. Hence Scottish cain.
cР°in
white: from Latin ca@-nus.
cР°in
scold, revile, Irish cР±in, Middle Irish cР±ined, scolding: *kag-niГґ or kakniГґ(?); Greek @GkahР±zw, laugh, @GkaghР±zw, Latin cachinnus; Old High German huohГґn, mock; Sanskrit kakhati, laugh.
cainb
hemp, Irish cnР±ib, Middle Breton canap; from Latin cannabis, allied to English hemp.
caineal
cinnamon; from Scottish and obsolete English cannel, canel, cinnamon, from Old Greek canelle, from Latin canella, dim. of canna, cane.
caingeann
a fine (Heb.), Irish caingean, a rule, case, compact, etc.:
Caingis
Pentecost, Irish cingcis, Early Irish Cingcigais; from the Latin quinquagesima (dies, 50th day from the Passover).
cainneag
a mote:
cainneag
a hamper (Skye):
cainnt
speech, Irish caint; from can, say, q.v. Stokes gives the stem as *kan(s)ti, root kans, Skr Г§asti, prise, from Г§ams, speak, Latin censeo.
caiptean
a captain, Irish, Middle Irish caiptРЅn; from Middle English capitain, from Old French capitaine, Latin capitaneus, caput, head.
cР°ir
a blaze, sea foam, etc.; See rather caoir.
cР°ir
the gum, Irish cР±ir (cairib, Fol.):
cР°ir
a peat moss, dry part of the peat moss (Dial.); from English carr, boggy ground, Norse kjarr, brushwood. Also cР°thar, q.v.
cairb
the bent ridge of a cart saddle srathair. Shaw gives further the meanings "plank, ship, fusec (cairb a' ghunna) (Rob), chariot"; Irish corb, coach. The word is the primary stem from which carbad, chariot, springs; See carbad. As "fusee" or "fisil", i.e., "musket", it seems a curtailed form of cairbinn.
cairbh
a carcase, carrion; also cairb (Dial.); allied to corpus?
cairbhist
carriage, tenants' rent service; from Middle English cariage, in all senses (Cf. the charter terms - "Areage and cariage and all due service"), now carriage.
cairbinn
a carabine; from the English
cairbinneach
a toothless person (Sh.); from ++cairb a jaw, gum, Irish cairb. See cairb above.
cairc
flesh, person:
cР°ird
a delay, respite, Irish cР±irde; cf. Old Irish cairde, pactum. A special legal use of a word which originally means "friendship". See cР°irdeas.
cР°irdeas
friendship, so Irish, Old Irish cairdes; from caraid, q.v.
cР°ireag
a prating girl (Sh., who gives caireog); probably from cР°ir, gum: "having jaw".
caireal
noise; See coirioll.
++cairfhiadh
a hart or stag, Irish cР±irrfhiadh: *carbh-fhiadh. For *carbh, a deer; cf. Welsh carw, hart, stag, Cornish caruu, Breton caru; Latin carvus; Greek @GkeraСѓs, horned.
cР°irich
mend, Irish cСѓirighim, Early Irish cСѓraigim, arrange, from cСѓir, q.v. Cf. cairim, sutor, Z. 775.
cairidh
a weir, Irish cora, Middle Irish coraidh for cora, g. corad, Welsh cored, Old Welsh and Old Breton coret, from Celtic korjГґ, I set, put. See cuir.
cairgein
sea moss, Irish moss, Eng carrageen, so named from Carragheen (Waterford), in Ireland. This place name is a dim. of carraig, rock.
cairis
corpse, carcase; founded on Middle English cors, Scottish corrssys (pl. in Blind Harry), now corse.
cairmeal
wild liquorice; See carra-meille.
cairnean
an egg-shell:
cairt
bark (of a tree), Irish cairt; Latin cortex; root qert, cut, Lithuanian kertщ, cut, English rend.
cairt
a cart, so Irish, Welsh cart; from the English cart.
cairt
a card, so Irish; Gaelic is from Scottish carte, which is direct from the French carte. The English modifies the latter form into card. The are all from Latin charta, paper. Early Irish cairt meant "parchment".
cairt
cleanse, Irish cartaighim, Early Irish cartaim, Welsh carthu, purge, kar-to-. The root idea is a "clearing out"; the root ker, kar, separate, is allied to sker in ascart, and especially in sgar.
cairteal
a quarter; from Late Latin quartellus, Norse kvartill, Latin quartus, fourth.
caisbheart, cais'eart
foot gear (shoes or boots), Irish coisbheart; from cas+ beart, q.v.
caisd
listen, Irish coisteacht, listening, Early Irish coistim, Old Irish coitsea, auscultet: co-Р№tsim, co and Р№isd, listen, q.v. O'R. gives the modern Irish cСѓisdeacht with o long, which would seem the most natural result from co-Р№isd.
cР°ise
chese, Irish, Early Irish cР±ise, Welsh caws, Breton kaouz; from Latin ca@-seus, whence English cheese.
caiseal
bulwark, castle, Irish caiseal, Early Irish caisel, caissle; from Latin castellum.
caisean
anything curled, etc.; from cas, curled, q.v.
caisg
check, stop, Irish coisgim, Old Irish cosc, castigare, Welsh cosp, *kon-sqo-, *seqГґ, I say; Latin inseque; Greek @Ge@'/nnepe, say, @Ge@'/ni-spe, dixit; English say, German sagen.
CР°isg
Easter, Irish CР±isg, Old Irish cР±sc, Welsh pasc; from Latin pascha, English paschal.
caisil-chrС‚
a bier, bed of blood, Middle Irish cosair chrСѓ, bed of blood - to denote a violent death, Early Irish cosair, bed. the expression appears in the Ossianic Ballads, and folk-etymology is responsible for making Gaelic casair into caisil, bulwark. The word cosair has been explained as co-ster-, root ster, strew, Latin sternere, English strew.
caisleach
a ford, footpath; from cas-lach, rather than cas-slighe, foot-way.
caislich
stir up, caisleachadh, shaking up, etc.; from cas, sudden.
caismeachd
an alarm (of battle), signal, march tune. The corresponding Irish is caismirt, alarm, battle, Middle Irish caismert, Early Irish cosmert.
caisrig
consecrate; See coisrigeadh.
caisteal
a castle, Middle Irish castР№l, Early Irish castРЅall; from Latin castellum, whence English castle.
cР°iteach
a rush mat for measuring corn, Irish cР±iteach, winnowing sheet; from cР°ite, winnowed, from cР°th.
caiteag
a small bit (H.S.D.), a basket for trouts (M`A. for Islands), basket (Sh.), a place to hold barley in (M`L.). For the first sense, cf. Welsh cat, a piece, Scottish cat, a rag. In Irish Latin the trout was called catus (Giraldus).
caiteas
scraped linen, applied for the stoppage of wounds (M`F.); from Scottish caddis, lint for wounds, Middle English cadas, caddis, cotton wool, floss silk for padding, from Old French cadas. See Gaelic catas. caiteas = sawdust, scrapings (M`D.).
caitein
nap of cloth, shag, Irish caitРЅn, catkin of the osier, little cat. The English words caddis, catkin, and cotton seem to be mixed up as the basis of the Gaelic and Irish words. Cf. Welsh ceden, shaggy hair.
caith
spend, cast, Irish, Old Irish caithim, *katjГґ, I consume, castaway; Sanskrit Г§Гўtayati, sever, cast down, destroy, Г§Гўt-ana, causing to fall, wearing out, root Г§t. Allied to the root of cath, war.
caithear
just, right, Irish caithear (Lh.), caithfidh, it behoves, Middle Irish caithfid; from caith, doubtless ( Atk.).
caithream
shout of joy, triumph, Irish caithrйim; from cath, battle, and rйim, a shout, Early Irish rйm. This last word Strachan refers to the root req (*rec-m or *rec-s-m), Church Slavonic reka@?, speak, Lith. re@?kiщ.
caithris
night-watching:
cР°l
kail, cabbage, Irish cР±l, Welsh cawl, Cornish caul, Breton kaol; from Latin caulis, a stalk, whence likewise English cole (colewort) and Scottish kail.
cala, caladh
a harbour, Irish caladh, Middle Irish calad. It is usual to correlate this with It. cala, French cale, bay, cove (Diez, Thurneysen, Windisch), and Stokes even says the Gaelic and Irish words are borrowed from a Romance *calatum, It. calata, cala, French cale, cove. More probably the Celtic root is qel, qal, hide, as in English hollow, Middle English holh, hollow, cave, also English hole, possibly. the root of cladh, has also been suggested.
caladair
calendar, Irish calaindйir; from Middle English kalendar, through French from Latin calendarium, an account-book, from calendæ, the Calends or first of the month.
calaman
a dove; the common form of the literary columan, q.v.
calanas
spinning of wool; seemingly founded on Latin colus, distaff. See cuigeal.
++calbh
head, pate, bald, so Irish, Early Irish calb; from Latin calva, scalp, calvus, bald. H.S.D. gives as a meaning "promontory", and instances "Aoineadh a' Chailbh Mhuilich", which surely must be the Calf of Mull; and Calf is a common name for such subsidiary isles - from Norse kР±lfr, English calf. Cognate with Latin calva, calvaria (St. Lec.).
calbh
a shoot, osier, twig, Irish colbha, plant stalk, sceptre, hazel tree, Early Irish colba, wand; See colbh.
calbh
gushing of water or blood (H.S.D.) from calbh?
calbhair
greedy of food (Suth.); from cР°il?
calc
drive, ram, caulk, Irish calcaim; from Latin calco, calx, the heel, English in-culcate.
caldach
sharp, pointed ( Sh., M`L.):
calg
awn, beard of corn, bristles, Irish calg, colg, Early Irish colg, a sword, Old Welsh colginn, aristam, Welsh cola, beard of corn, sting, caly, penis, Breton calc'h (do.), kalgo-, *kolgo-; Greek @GkolobСѓs, stunted; Gothic halks, poor; further is Latin cellere, hit, culter, knife; etc. The main root is qel, qlГў, hit, break; See claidheamh, cladh. The Caledonian hero Calgocos derives his name hence. Hence calg-dhРјreach, direct, "sword-straight" to a place.
call
loss, Irish caill, Early Irish coll, Welsh coll, Cornish colled, jactura, Middle Breton coll, *koldo-; English halt, Gothic halts, Old High German halz, lame; root qel, as in calg.
calla, callda
tame, callaidh (M`A., also Sh., who gives the meaning "active" to the last form); cf. Welsh call, wise; from Latin callidus?
callag, calltag
the black guillemot, diver; compare English quail, French caille.
callaid
a partition, fence; the same as tallaid, q.v.?
caillaid
a wig, cap (M`F.); from English calott, skull-cap.
callan
a noise, Irish callР±n, callСѓich; from English call?
calltuinn
hazel, Irish Early Irish coll, Welsh collen, Cornish coll-widen. Middle Breton quel-vezenn, *koslo-; Latin corylus; Norse hasl, English hazel. *coll+tann.
Calluinn
New Year's Day, Irish callбin, Calends, or first day of the month, Early Irish callaind, the Calends, particularly the first Jan., Welsh calan, Calends; from Latin calendæ (English Calends).
calm
a pillar (M`A.), Irish columhan, colbh; from Latin columna, etc.
calm, calma
brave, Irish, Early Irish calma. Cf. Welsh celf, skill, art, celfydd, skilled, Old Breton celmed, efficax. The root cal is to be compared with that in German held, hero, *haleth or *calet. The Indo-European root is qel, as in Latin celsus, high, columna, column, English excel.
calman
dove; See calaman.
calmarra
the pike (Wh.)?
calpa
the calf of the leg, so Irish, Early Irish calpda, bonus pes (Corm.), colpa, tibia; from the Norse kР±lfi, whence also English calf.
calpa
principal set to interest, Scottish calpa, dath-duty payable to the landlord, from Norse kaup, stipulation, pay.
calum
hardness on the skin ( H.S.D.; cathlum in M`D.); from Latin callum, callus. It is not the obsolete caladh, hard, Early Irish calad, Welsh caled, Old Breton calat, *kaleto-, root kal, hard; Gothic hallus, stone, Norse helle, hallr; Sanskrit Г§ilГў, stone.
cam
crooked, one-eyed, Irish cam, Old Irish camm, Welsh cam, Breton kam, Gaulish cambo-, root kemb, wind; Greek kСѓmbos, a band, bond; Lithuanian kinge@?, door-bar. It has been refered to the root of Greek @GskambСѓs, crooked (se ceum), and to Latin camera, whence English chamber. Hence camag, club, camas, bay.
camag-gharuidh
hoow above the eye, Irish camСѓg-ara, "the bend of the ara", Old Irish aire, Gaelic arach, tempus; Greek @GpareiР±, cheek.
camart
wry-neck:
camastrang
quarrelsome disputation (M`D.):
camhach
talkative; *com-ag-ach, root ag in adhan?
camhal
a camel, Irish camhall, Early Irish camail, Welsh camyll; from Latin camelus.
camhan
a hollow plain, Irish cabhР±n (County Cavan); from the Latin cavus.
camhanaich
break of day, twilight, Irish camhaoir; (M`A. sgamhanaich, "lights"):
camlag
a curl:
camp, campa
a camp, Irish, Middle Irish campa; from the English camp.
campar
vexation, grief; from Scottish cummar, English cumber.
can
say, sing, Irish canaim, Old Irish canim, Welsh cana, sing. Breton kana; Latin cano, sing; Greek @GkanР±zw; English hen.
cana
porpoise, young whale, Irish cana ( O'R.), cР±na ( O'Br.), whelp, pup, Middle Irish cana (do.); from Latin canis?
canach
mountain down, cotton Irish canach, Old Irish canach, lanugo; Greek @Gknc@nkos, thistle, @GknekСѓs, yellow; Sanskrit ka@-ncanas, golden, a plant; *qonak-. Stokes refers it to *casnaka, Latin cГўnus, white (*casno-), Anglo-Saxon hasu, grey, English hare.
cР°nain
language, Irish cР±namhuin. Seemingly a long-vowel form of the root qan, cry. See cainnt.
canal
cinnamon; See caineal.
canan
a cannon; from the English
canastair
a canister; from the English
cangaruich
fret; from Scottish canker, fret, English canker.
cangluinn
trouble, vexation; from Scottish cangle.
canna
a can, so Irish, Early Irish cann; from English can.
cannach
pretty, kind; *cas-no-, root, qas, Latin ca@-nus, white (casnus), Anglo-Saxon hasu, grey, English haze? Or it may be allied to Latin candidus, white, Sanskrit cand, shine.
canntaireachd
articulate music, chanting, Irish cantaireachd, singing, cР±ntaire, a singer; from Latin cantor, cano, I sing.
cР°nran
wrangling, grumbling, muttering, Irish cannrР±n; from can, say, sing.
caob
a clod, a bite, Irish caob, clod, Middle Irish coep, Early Irish caip, cР±ep, clot, lump, Old Irish caebb oo, jecur.
caoch
empty (as a nut), blind, so Irish, Old Irish caech, Welsh coeg, foolish, Cornish cuic, *kaiko-s; Latin caecus; Gothic haihs, one-eyed.
caoch, caothach
rage; See cuthach.
caochan
a streamlet; from caoth, blind?
caochail
change, die, caochladh, a change, Irish caochluighim, Old Irish caoimchlР±im cСѓem-chlСѓim: imchloud, imchlСѓad, inversio; for co-imm-clСѓim; from clСѓim, muto: See claoidh. The aspiration of the mn of imb is unusual, but the history of the word is also unusual, for it actually appears as claemchlСѓd in Early Irish oftener than once, and Irish claochlСѓdh, claochladh.
caod Chaluim-chille
St John's wort (Sh.):
caog
wink; apparently from English cock (the eye). Cf. Norse kaga, keek; Scottish keek; Shet. caog, peep slily.
caogad
fifty, so Irish, Old Irish cСѓica(t), *qenqekont; Latin quinquaginta; Greek @Gpentc/konta. See cСѓig.
caoidh
lamentation, Irish caoi, caoidh, Early Irish cСѓi, cР±i, inf. to cРЅim, ploro, *keiГґ, root qei, which appears in caoin, q.v., and in English whine, whisper, etc. Bezzenberger suggests *keipГґ, and compares Lithuanian szГ«ptis, grimace, Church Slavonic o-sipna@?ti, raucescere. A former derivation of Stokes' is repeated by Rhys (Manx.Pray. @+2, 26): *qesi, root qes as in Latin questus.
caoillean
a twig or osier for wicker, Middle Irish cСѓelach; from caol, slender.
caoimheach
a bedfellow (Sh.), Irish caoimhthech, Early Irish com-aithech, neighbour; see aitheach. Also caomhach, friend, bedfellow. The latter seems from, or influenced by, caomh.
caoimhneas
kindness. This word is supposed by folk etymology to be from caomh, kind, whereas it is really allied to Old Irish coibnes, affionitas, *co-ven-estu-, root ven of fine, q.v.
caoin
kind, mild, so Irish, Old Irish cР°in, kind, beautiful Welsh cain?: *koini-, root koi, kei of caomh, q.v. Stokes gives base as kaini-, and Bezzenberger compares Greek @GkaРЅnusqai, excel, Church Slavonic sina@?ti, gleam forth. If the base idea were "beauty", English shine might be compared.
caoin
the exterior surface of cloth, right side, rind, sward; from caoin, gentle, polished?
caoin
weep, so Irish, Old Irish cСѓinim, cР±inim, Old Welsh cuinhaunt, deflebunt, Breton couen, queiniff, *koiniГґ; qein, qГ®n; English whine, Norse hvРЅna, whirr; Greek @GkinurСѓs, wailing. See caoidh.
caoinich
dry, make dry (as hay by the sun), caoin, seasoned; from the adj. caoin?
caoir
a blaze, stream of sparks, a coal, Irish caor, Early Irish cР±er, *kairo, English hoar (*kairo-), Teutonic root hai in Norse heiГ°, atmospheric clearness, Old High German hei, heat, English heat; Sanskrit kГЄtus, light. More near are Greek @GkРЅris (lamp, Hes.), Sanskrit kirР±n@.a, a ray, clear, has been also suggested. caoran, a peat ember.
caoirean
a plaintive song; also caoi-rР°n, moaning (H.S.D.). The root word is caoidh; possibly rР°n, roar, forms the latter part.
caoirnean
a drop of sheep or goats' dung, a drop or globule; cf. Irish caoirРЅn, a little berry, little sheep, from caor, berry, caora, sheep. The two ideas seem confused in Gaelic. In Argyle, gaoirnean; (Arg. ao here is northern ao). From skar, sharn?
caol
slender, so Irish, Old Irish cСѓil, Welsh, Cornish cul, Old Breton culed, macies, *koilo-; Lettic kР±ils, naked; Latin caelebs, single? Greek @Gko@nilos, hollow? Hence caol; caolas, a firth or Kyle.
caolan
gut, intesting, Irish caolР±n, Early Irish coelР±n, Old Welsh coilion, exta; from caol.
caomh
tender, kind, so Irish, Early Irish coem, Old Irish cСѓim, Welsh cu, Old Welsh cum, Breton cuff, cun, debonnaire, *koimo-, root kei, lie; Greek @GkoimР±w, put to rest, @Gke@nimai, lie; Gothic hР±ims, a village, Anglo-Saxon hР±m. English home. The idea is "restful".
caomhach
bedfellow, friend, Irish caomthach, friend; See caoimheach, and cf. Irish caomhaighim, I protect, cherish, from caomh.
caomhain
spare, save, caomhnadh, sparing, Irish caoimhnaim, preserve, keep, protect, caomhaighim, caomhnuighim, preserve. The last form seems the most original, if we refer the root to Old Irish anich, protegit, aingim, I protect (a-nak), root nak and nank, as in adhlac, thig, etc. The form nak is more particularly allied to Sanskrit nбçati, reach, Lithuanian neszщ, draw. The Gaelic verb may have been *com-anich-. It is possible to derive it from caomh with caomhuin as an inf. form which usurped the place of the present stem.
caonnag
strife, tumult, Irish caonnСѓg, strife, a next of wild bees: *cais-no-, root kais, kai, heat, English heat, Gaelic caoir?
caor
berry of the rowan, a mountain berry, Irish caor, Old Irish cР±er, bacca, Welsh cair, berries, ceirion, berry *kairГў. It is seemingly the same word as caoir, blaze, the idea arising probably from the red rowan berries.
caora
a sheep, Irish caora, g. caorach, Old Irish cГўer, *cairax, from *ka(p)erax, alliet to Latin caper, a goat, Greek @GkР±pros, a boar, English heifer. Cf. Welsh caeriwrch, roebuck.
caorrunn
the rowan tree, Irish caorthann, Early Irish caerthann, Welsh cerddin, Breton kerzin, *cairo-tann, from caor, berry, and *tann, tree, Breton tann, oak, Cornish glas-tannen. The connection with Old High German tanna, fir, oak, Middle High German tan, wood, German tanne, fir, English tan, tanner (Greek @GqР±mnos, bush?) is doubtful; it would necessitate the idea of borrowing, or that the Celtic word was dann. Ogam Maqui Cairatini, McCaorthainn. Rhys says Welsh is borrowed from Gadelic (C.F.L. 292).
cР°pa
a capl from the English cap.
cР°praid
drunken riotousness (Dial.); from Latin *crГўpula.
capull
a horse, mare (more commonly), so Irish, Early Irish capall, Breton caval; from Latin capallus, whence English cavalry, etc., caple (Middle English capil, from Celt.) Norse kapall, nag, seems borrowed from Gaelic. The Welsh is ceffyl, with remarkable vocalisation. capal-coille?
car
turn, twist, Irish cor, Middle Irish cor (= cuairt, ( O'Cl.)), Old Irish curu, gyros, Welsh cor-wynt, turbo, Middle Breton coruent, *kuro-; Latin curvus; Greek @GkurtСѓs, curved. See cruinn.
cР°r
friendly, related to, Irish cР±ra(d), a friend. See caraid for the usual root.
cР°radh
condition, usage; from cР°irich, mend.
caraich
move, stir, Irish corruighim, from corrach, unsteady. The Gaelic confuses this with car, turn.
caraid
a friend, so Irish, Old Irish cara, g. carat, *karant-; Old Irish verb carim, caraim, I love, Welsh caraf, amo, Breton quaret, amare, Gaulish carantus, Caractacus, etc.; Latin cГўrus, dear, English charity, etc.; Gothic hГґrs, meretrix.
cР°raid
a pair, couple, Irish cСѓraid, Early Irish cСѓrait:
carainnean
refuse of threshed barley, Irish carra, bran; See carthuinnich.
caraist
catechism; from Scottish carritch, a corruption of catechise.
caramasg
contest, confusion ( Arms. M`F.): from car and measg?
caramh
beside; See caruibh.
cР°ramh, cР°radh
condition, treatment:
carathaist
compulsory labour, cairiste, cairbhist.
carbad
a chariot, so Irish, Old Irish carpat, Welsh cerbyd, Old Breton cerpit, Gaulish carpentoracte, Carbantia, *karbanto-; Latin corbis, a basket; Norse hrip, pannier for peats on horse-back. Latin carpentum (English carpenter, etc.), seems borrowed from Gaulish. The root idea is "wicker", referring to the basket character of the body of these chariots.
carbad
jaw, jaw-bone, so Irish, Welsh car yr ГЄn (car of the mouth), Breton karvan. The idea is "mouth chariot", from the resemblance between the lower jaw and the old wicker chariots. Loth cfs. Welsh carfan, beam, rail, row.
carbh
engrave, carve; from the English.
carbh
a particular kind of ship or boat (Islay); from Norse karfi, a galley for the fiords.
carbhaidh
carraway-seed; from the English.
carbhanach
a carp, Irish carbhР±n, Manx, caroo; from Norse karfi, English carp.
carcair
a prison, sewer in a cow-house, Irish carcar, prison, Early Irish carcair (do.); from Latin carcer, prison, barrier. cacair in Glenmoriston.
carcais
a carcase; from the English.
ca'rd
card wool, Irish cardaighim; from the English card.
cargo
a cargo, load; from the English.
Carghus
Lent, torment, Irish Corghas, Middle Irish corgus, Welsh garawys; from Latin quadragessima.
cР°rlР°g
a lock of wool (Sh., H.S.D.), carla, a wool-card (Sh. Coneys for Irish); *card-la-, from card of English For phonetics, cf. С‚irleach.
cР°rlas
excellence, Irish carlamh, excellent, *co-er-lam-, erlam, clever, *air-lam? For lam, See ullamh.
cР°rn
heap of stones, cairn, Irish carn, Early Irish, Welsh carn, Breton karn, *kar-no-, root kar, be hard; Greek @GkranaСѓs, rock ( @Gkra-, @Gkar); further English hard, harsh. See carraig.
cР°rn
a horning. The Gaelic seems a confusion between cС‚rn, horn, English horn, put to the horn, and cР°rn. M`F. gives Р°ir chР°rn for "outlawed", cР°rn-eaglais, excommunication.
cР°rn
a sledge, cart, peat cart, Irish carr, dray, waggon, Early Irish carr, biga, Welsh carr, biga, Old Breton carr, vehiculum (gl.), Gaulish chariot, career, carry, cargo, charge); from Celt. karso-; Latin currus (quors-), from qr@.s; English horse, hurry.
carnaid
red; from English carnation.
cР°rnag
(1) a she-terrier, (2) a small fish found in stony shores at ebb-tide. The first meaning from cР±rn, cairn. Terriers were used for cairn hunting.
carr
the flesh of the seal and whale (Heb.; Carmichael); founded on obsolete carn, flesh?
cР°rr
the itch, mange, superficial roughness, Irish carr; carrach, scabby, Middle Irish carrach, *karsГўko-, from kars, be rough, hard; (*kors-ta-); further root kar, to be hard, rough. For cР°rr, rocky shelf, Irish carr, rock, See carraig.
carrachan
a frog-fish, called "cobler", Irish carrachР±n, the rock fish called cobler (Coneys). From carr, a rock. Also the word means "the wild liquorice root" - carra-meille, q.v.
carragh
a pillar stone, Irish carrthadh, cartha, Early Irish corthe. The root, despite the vocalic difficulty caused by the Early Irish form, is likely the same as in carraig; yet cf. kor of cuir, set.
carraid
conflict; from the root kars in cР°rr, "rough-work"?
carraig
rock, so Irish, Old Irish carric, Welsh careg, Old Welsh carrecc, Breton karrek, *karsekki- (so Rhys, R.C.@+17 102, who thinks Welsh borrowed), from root kars, hard, rough; Norwegian, herren, hard, stiff, harren, hard, English harsh, hard (root kar). See cР°rr.
carra-meille
wild liquorice, wood pease, Irish carra-mhilis. The name is explained as "knots of honey", the carra being the same as cР°rr, and meille the gen. of mil. Hence Scottish carmele, etc.
carran
spurrey, spergula arvensis, Irish carrР±n, scurvy grass. From the root kars of cР°rr. carran also means a "shrimp", and is of the same origin.
carran-creige
the conger; See carran above.
carrasan
hoarseness, wheezing, Irish carsР±n; from the root kars, be rough. See cР°rr. Cf. @GkСѓrnza, catarrh, rotz.
cР°rt
a quart, Irish cР±rt; from the English quart, Latin quartus.
cartan
a small brown insect that eats into the flesh, Irish cartР±n, a small brown insect that eats into the flesh, a crab. A Gadelicised form of partan, q.v.
carthannach
affectionate, charitable, Irish carthannach; from Latin caritas.
carthuinnich
dwell apart as in a cave, separate (M`F.). Cf. caruinnean, refuse of threshed corn, caruinnich, winnow. Possibly from the root kar, separate, a form of the root of sgar, q.v.
caruibh, an caruibh
beside, near. This is the dat.pl. of car.
cas
foot, leg, Irish cos, Old Irish coss, Welsh coes, *koksГў; Latin coxa, hip; Middle High German hahse, bend of the knee; Sanskrit kР±kshas, armpit.
cas
steep, sudden, Irish casach, an ascent, Middle Irish cass, rapid, *kasto-; English haste.
cas
curled, Irish, Middle Irish cas, curly, casaim, flecto; &qasto-, root qas; Norse haddr (has-da-), hair, English hair; Lithuanian kasa, hair-plait, Church Slavonic kosa, hair (Kluge). Stokes compares it with Latin quasillum, a basket, root quas.
cas
gnash the teeth, Irish cais, hate, Welsh cГўs, hate, Breton cas, *cad-s-to-; English hate, German hass, Gothic hatis. Of the same ultimate origin as cas, sudden (Strachan).
cas
fire (as a stone) (Suth.), seemingly founded on English cast. Cf. casadh ar a chР№ile = met (Irish).
cР°s
a difficulty, Irish cР±s; from Latin casus (English case).
casach
fishing tackle (part attached to hook): from cas.
casad, casad
a cough, Irish casachdach, Welsh pГўs, peswch, Breton pas, *qasto-; English host, Anglo-Saxon hvСѓsta, German husten; Lithuanian kСѓsiu; Sanskrit kГўsate, coughs.
casag
cassock, Irish casСѓg; from the English The Early Irish word is casal, from Latin casula.
casaid
a complaint, accusation, Irish casoid, Old Irish cossСѓit. The word is a compound, beginning with con, and seemingly of the same origin as faosaid, q.v. Stokes thinks that the word is borrowed from the Latin causatio; this is not likely, however. Root sen, Welsh cynhenn, quarrel.
casair
sea drift, Irish casair, a shower, Early Irish casair, hail, Welsh cesair (do.), Breton kazerc'h (do.), *kassri-, *kad-tri-; from root cad as in Latin cado, fall. The Irish and Gaelic (?) casР±ir, phosphorescence, seems to be the same word.
casan
a path, Irish casР±n; from cas, foot.
casan
a rafter, roof-tree; from cas?
casgair
slay, butcher, so Irish, Old Irish coscar, victory, destruction; *co-scar; See sgar.
casnaid
chips of wood (Arms.), Irish casnaidh; *co-+ snaidh, q.v.
caspanach
parallel (Sh.), Irish cospanach (O'R.); *co-spann; See spann.
castan
a chestnut; from Latin castanea, through Middle English castane, chestnut.
castaran
a measure for butter (quarter stone); from the English castor.
castreaghainn
the straw on a kiln below the grain (Arms., not H.S.D.):
cat
a cat, so Irish, Early Irish catt, Welsh cath, Cornish kat, Breton kaz, Gaulish Cattos; Latin catta, perhaps also catulus; English cat, German katze, etc. It is a word of doubtful origin; possibly, however, Celtic, and applied first to the wild cat, then to the tame Egyptian cat introduced in the early centuries of the Christian era.
catas
refuse at carding of wool, Irish cadР±s, cotton, scraping of linen rags; from English caddis. See further under caiteas.
cath
battle, Irish, Old Irish cath, Welsh cad, Old Welsh cat, Cornish cas, Gaulish catu-; Old High German hadu-, fight, Anglo-Saxon heaГ°o-, German hader, contention; Sanskrit Г§atru, enemy; Greek @GkСѓtos, wrath.
cР°th
chaff, husks of corn, Irish, Old Irish cР±ith, Welsh codem, a bag, husk, pod (?), *kГ»ti-, root kГўt, kat, as in caith, spend, cast.
cathachadh
provoking, accusing, fighting, Irish cathaighim; from cath, fight.
cathadh
snow-drift, Irish cР±thadh, snow-drift, sea-drift; cf. Middle Irish cСЉa, gen. cСЉadh, Welsh cawod, Old Cornish cowes, nimbus, Breton kaouad, *kavat (Stokes); allied to English shower. It is possible to refer the Gaelic word to the root of caith, cР°th.
cathair
a city, Irish, Early Irish cathair, Old Irish cathir *kastrex, Welsh caer, Breton kaer, *kastro-; Latin castrum, fort (Stokes). The root seems to be cat, cats; the phonetics are the same as in piuthar, for the final part of the word.
cathair
a chair, Irish cathaoir, Early Irish cathР±ir, Welsh cadair, Breton kador; from Latin cathedra, whence also, through Greek, English chair.
cathan
a wild goose with black bill (Heb.); See cadhan.
cathan-aodaich
a web (M`D.):
cР°thar
mossy ground; See cР°ir.
cathlunn
a corn (Sh.; not in H.S.D.); formed on Latin callum. See calum.
catluibh
cudwort; See cadh-luibh.
cРё, cРёath
cream, Middle Irish ceСѓ, milk; cf. Breton koavenn, which suggests a form keivo- (cf. glР№ from gleivo-), root kei, skei, shade, cover, as in Greek @GskiР±, shadow, German schemen (do.)? The Breton koavenn has been refered to *co+hufen, Welsh hufen, cream. Cf. ceС‚, mist, "covering".
cР№
the earth, used only in the phrase an cruinne cР№, the (round) earth, Irish, Early Irish cР№, for bith chР№, on this earth. The cР№ is supposed to be for "this", from the pronomial kei, Greek @Gkei@nnos, he, Latin ce, cis, English he. The root kei, go, move (Latin cio, Greek @GkРЅw), has also been suggested.
cРё
give?
cРё
spouse (Carm.), Irish cР№:
ceaba, ceibe
the iron part of a spade or other delving instrument; See caibe.
cРёabhar
a fine breeze (Heb.):
ceabhar
(Carm.), sky, (Prov.) ci'ar:
ceach
an interjection of dislike; See ceacharra.
ceacharra
dirty, mean, obstreperous (Carm.), Irish ceachair, dirt, Middle Irish cecharda, *kekari-; from kek, the e form of the root kak seen in cac, q.v.
ceachladh
digging, Irish ceachlaim, Old Irish ro-cechladatar, suffoderunt, *ce-clad-, a reduplicated or perfect form of the root clad of Gaelic cladh, q.v.
cead
permission, so Irish, Old Irish cet, *ces-do-; Latin ce@-do, I yield (for ces-dГґ).
ceadan
bunch of wool, Irish ceadach, cloth, coarse cloth, Welsh cadach, clout. Rhys regards Welsh as borrowed from Irish For all, cf. cadadh, caiteas.
ceadha
the part of the plough on which the share is fixed. Also ceidhe. Both words are used for English quay.
ceafan
a frivolous person (Dialectic):
ceР°ird
a trade, Early Irish cerd; See ceР°rd.
ceal
stupor, forgetfulness, Irish ceal, forgetfulness; from the root qel of ceil, conceal. Cf. Early Irish cel, death. ceal, end ( Carm.).
++ceal
same, similar hue (Carm.):
cealaich
the fire-place of a kiln:
cealaich
eat (Kirk), Irish cealaim; root qel as in Latin colo?
cealair
a virago (Badenoch):
cealg
guile, treachery, so Irish, Early Irish celg, *kelgГў; Armenian ke??ch??, hypocrisy. The further root is qel of ceil.
ceall
g. cille, a church, so Irish, Early Irish cell; from Latin cella, a cell, a hermit's cell especially, whence the Gadelic use. Hence cealloir, superior of a cell, and the name Mackellar. "A retired spot" (Hend.).
cealtar
broad-cloth, Irish cealtair, clothes, Early Irish celtar, celt, raiment; from qel, cover, as in ceil, q.v.
ceana
whither, for c'iona, c'ionadh? Cf. Irish cР± h-ionad. See ionadh.
ceanalta
mild, kind, so Irish; from *cen, as in cion, ++cean, love, desire. See cion.
ceangal
a tie, binding, so Irish, Early Irish cengal, Welsh cengl; from Latin cingulum, vb. cingo, I bind, English cincture.
ceann
head, so Irish, Old Irish cend, cenn, Welsh, Breton penn, Gaul, Penno-, *qenno. Perhaps for qen-no-, root qen (labialised), begin, Church Slavonic koni, beginning, as in ceud, first. The difficulty is that the other labialising languages and the Britonic branch otherwise show no trace of labialisation for qen. Windisch, followed by Brugmann, suggested a stem kvindo-, Indo-European root kvi, Sanskrit Г§vi, swell, Greek @GPРЅndos, Pindus Mount; but the root vowel is not i, even granting the possible labialisation of kvi, which does not really take place in Greek. Hence ceannag, a bottle of hay, ceannaich, buy (="heading" or reckoning by the head; cf. Dial. ceann, sum up), ceannaich, head-wind ( Hend.), ceannas, vaunting ( Hend.).
ceannach
a purchasing, so Irish, Early Irish cennaigim, I buy, Old Irish cennige, lixa, caingen, negotium.
ceannairc
rebellion, turbulence, so Irish; *ceann+arc; for root arc, See adharc. For meaning cf. English headstrong, Welsh penffest (do.).
ceannard
commander, chief, Irish ceannР±rd, arrogant, commanding, "high-headed", from ceann and Р°rd; Middle kinnoort, Irish ceannphort, commander, authority, head post or city: ceann+ port.
ceannrach, ceannraig
(Cam.), a brindle or horse's head-gear, Irish ceannrach; from ceann+ rach. For rach (root rig), See cuibhreach, Р°rachas.
ceannsaich
subdue, tame, Irish ceannsaighim; from ceannas, superiority, "head-ness", from ceann and the abst. termination as. Similarly ceannsal, rule.
ceap
a block, shoemaker's last, so Irish, Early Irish cepp, Welsh cyff, Breton kef; from Latin cippus.
ceap
catch, stop. This word seems borrowed from the Scottish kep, of like meaning, a bye-form of English keep. The Irish ceap, bound, bind, stop (?), seems from ceap above.
++ceapach
a tillage plot, Irish ceapach. This Stokes refers to a Celtic keppo-, garden, root kep, ka@-, Latin campus, Greek @Gke@npos, garden, German hube, piece of land. Satisfactory though the meaning be, the derivation is doubtful as involving the preservation of p, even though flanked by a second p (or -nСѓ, i.e. kep-nСѓ-, which is still more doubtful). Hence the common place name .
ceapag
a verse, an impromptu verse, carelessly sung verse, Early Irish cepСѓc, a chorus song: a rare word in Irish, and said to be Scottish Gaelic for Irish aidbsi, great chorus. From ceap, catch? cf. English catch, a chorus verse. Zimmer suggests that it stands Ce PСѓc, "kiss here", (?) sung by the girls as a refrain at gatherings!
ceapaire
bread covered with butter, etc. Irish ceapaire; from ceap, a block. Cf. ceapag, a wheel-barrow wheel.
cearb
piece, article of clothing, so Irish, Early Irish cerp, cutting, cerbaim; *kr@.bh, skr@.bh; Greek @GkР±rfos, twig, English shrub; *(s)ker, cut, divide. Cf. Welsh carp, rag, cerpyn. Bezzenberger cfs. Middle High German herb, asper. St. now skerb, English sharp.
cearc
a hen, so Irish, Middle Irish cerc, *cercГў; from Indo-European qerqo, to sound, hence "a noise-making bird"; Greek @GkР№rkos, a cock, @GkrР№x, a fowl; Latin querquedula, a teal, Old Prus. kerko, a diver; Sanskrit kr@.ka-vГўkus, a cock.
cearcall
a hoop, so Irish; from Late Latin circulus, circullus, a hoop, from circulus, a circle.
ceР°rd
a craftsman, Irish cР№ard, Early Irish cerd, Welsh cerdd, art; Latin cerdo, craftsman; Greek @GkР№rdos, gain.
ceР°rdach
a smithy, Irish cР№ardcha, Old Irish cerddchae; from cerd+cae, the latter word cae meaning a house in Irish, a Celtic kaio-n, allied to English home.
ceard-dubhan
scarabæbus, dung-beetle, hornet (H.S.D. for form), ceardaman (M`A.); See cearnabhan. cearr-dubhan ( Carm.), "wrong-sided little black one".
cearmanta
tidy (Arms.); cearmanaich, make tidy (Perth):
ceР°rn
a corner, quarter, Irish cearn, cearna, angle, corner, Early Irish cern; evidently an e form of the stem found in cС‚rn, horn, q.v.
cearnabhan
a hornet, Irish cearnabhР±n; from *cerno-. Cf. English hornet (*kr@.s-en-), Latin crabro.
ceР°rr
wrong, left (hand), Early Irish cerr, *kerso-; Latin cerritus, crazed; Greek @Ge@'gkР±rsios, slantwise; Lithuanian skersas, crooked.
ceР°rrach
a gamester, Irish cearrbhach, a gamester, dexterous gambler. Cf. Gaelic ceР°rrbhag, cearrag, the left-hand, the use of which was considered in plays of chance as "sinister".
ceart
right, so Irish, Early Irish cert; Latin certus, certain, sure, cerno, discern; Greek @GkrРЅnw, judge, @GkritР№s, a judge, English critic.
ceasad
a complaint (M`F.), Irish ceasacht, grumbling, Middle Irish cesnaighim, complain, ces, sorrow, *qes-to-; Latin questus, queror, I complain, querela, English quarrel.
++ceasg
floss (Carm.), animal with long flossy hair or wool, Irish ceaslach, long hair or wool on fleece legs. See ceus.
ceasnaich
examine, catechise, Irish ceasnuighim; from Latin quæstio, quæstionis, English question. Stokes (Bk.of Lis.) has suggested that the Latin and Gadelic are cognate; though possible (qais, qis may become by umlaut ces in Gaelic), it is improbable from the stem form in n persisting in the Gaelic verb.
ceathach
mist; this is really the old stem of ceС‚, mist, Early Irish ciach, q.v. Irish ceathach, showery, is from cith, a shower.
ceathairne
yeomanry, the portion of a population fit for warfare; See ceatharn.
ceatharn
a troop, so Irish, Early Irish ceithern, *keternГў; Latin caterua, troop, catГЄna, a chain; Old Slavonic ceta, company (Stokes). It has also been regarded as borrowed from Latin quaternio, which in the Vulg. means a "body of four soldiers", quaternion. Hence English cateran, kern.
ceidhe
quay, coulter-place, Irish ceigh, quay. See ceadha.
ceig
a mass of shag, clot, ceigein, a tuft, a fat man. From Scandinavian kagge, round mass, keg, corpulent man or animal, whence English keg; Norse, kaggi, cask, Norwegian, kagge, round mass.
ceig
a kick; from the English
ceil
conceal, Irish, ceilim, Old Irish celim, Welsh celu, Indo-European qel; Latin cГЄle, English con- ceal; Anglo-Saxon helan, hide, English Hell; Greek @GkalСЉptw, hide; Sanskrit kР±la, darkness.
cР№ile
spouse, fellow, so Irish, Old Irish cР№le, socius, Welsh cilydd (y gilydd = a chР№ile of Gaelic = eguille of Breton), *keiljo-, "way-farer", from kei, go (Latin cio, move, Greek @GkРЅw, go, kРЅnР№w, move, kinetics. The idea is the same as in Irish sР№tig, wife, from sР№t, way. Strachan thinks that Gaelic and Welsh demand a stem ceglio-; and Dr Stokes thinks that, if cР№le, servus, is different from cР№le, fellow, it must come from kak-lio- (better keklio-), and be allied to Latin cacula, a servant. Hence cР№ilidh, a gossiping visit or meeting.
ceileach
martial (H.S.D.), Irish ceallach, war, Middle Irish cellach, war; Teutonic hildi-, war, Latin per-cellere, hit.
ceileir
chirping of birds, Irish ceileabhar, ceileabhrach, musical, Middle Irish ceilebradh eoin singing of birds, Early Irish celebrad, a celebrating or observance, a welcome of joy; from Latin celebratio.
cР№illidh
wise, sover, Irish cР№illidhe; from ciall.
ceilp
kelp; from English
cР№in
remote; really the oblique form of cian, q.v.
cР№ir
wax, Irish, Middle Irish cР№ir, Welsh cwyr, Old Welsh kuyr, Cornish coir, Breton coar; from Latin cГЄra, wax.
cР№ir, cР№ire
the buttock; See pР№ire.
ceireanaich
fondle, make much of (Perth); cf. ceirein, plaster.
ceirein
a plaster, a "clout", Irish, Middle Irish, cР№irРЅn, a plaster; from cР№ir, wax. English cerate.
ceirtle
a clew, ball of yarn, Irish ceirsle (so Gaelic too), ceirtlРЅn, Old Irish certle, glomus, *kertilliГў; from Indo-European qert, wind, bend; Sanskrit kart, spin; Latin cartilago, English cartilage; Greek @GkР±rtalos, basket; English hurdle.
cР№is
a case, hamper; from English case. Irish ceis, basket, Middle Irish ceiss, is a different word, possibly allied to, if not borrowed from, Latin cista (Stokes). From Irish ceis comes ceis-chrann, polypody, given in H.S.D. from O'R. Cf. Old Irish cass, basket, Latin quasillus.
ceisd
a question, so Irish, Early Irish ceist; from Latin quæstio. Hence ceisdein, a sweetheart, founded on "ceisd mo chridhe" - darling (i.e., question, anxiety) of my heart.
cР№iseach
large, corpulent woman; See ceС‚s.
CР№itein
May, Old Irish cР№tam (g. cР№taman), cetsoman (cetshaman) in Cor.Gl., where it is explained as cР№t-sam-sРЅn, the first weather-motion of sam or summer. The word means the "first of summer" - cР№t+sam-, the sam of samhradh, q.v. The termination is possibly influenced by other time words. See Samhuinn.
ceС‚
mist, Irish ceСѓ, Early Irish ceСѓ, g. ciach, *cevox, g. *gevocos, Indo-European sqevo-, Latin obscu@-rus, Norse sky/, cloud, English sky. The idea is "covering".
ceС‚b
a dark nook, corner:
ceС‚ban
small drizzle; ceт+ boinne or -bainne, "mist-drop". The Irish is ceуbhrбn, for ceт+ braon. This last is Gaelic ciщran, q.v. Hence ceтpach (for ceтbnach?). Also ceтpan. Irish ciabhrбn, drizzle, fog, Middle Irish ciabor, mist.
ceС‚l
music, Irish, Early Irish ceСѓl, g. ciСЉil, *kipolo-, a Gadelicised form of *pipolo; onomatopoetic root pi@-p, Latin pГ®pilo, chirp, pipilum, outcry, pГ®po, chirp, Anglo-Saxon pРЅpe , English pipe (hence Welsh pib, Gaelic pРјob, etc.). Stokes and Rhys have given a Celtic qeqlo- for stem, allied to Welsh pib, pipe. For phonetics, See feС‚il. Stokes now suggests alliance with German heulen, hoot, howl, Old High German hiuwilГґn.
ceС‚s
the hip, podex; See ceus, poples. Hence ceС‚sach, broad-skirted, bulky, clumsy.
ceС‚san
burr or light down of feathers; See ceus, wool of legs, etc.
ceud
first, Irish cР№ad, Old Irish cР№t, Welsh cynt, formerly, cyntaf, first, Breton kent, kenta (do.), Gaulish Cintu-, *kentu-; allied to Welsh cann, with Greek @GkatР±, down, against (=kn@.ta); Latin contra. Further allied is possibly (and this is the usual derivation) Indo-European qen, begin, Latin re-cens), English recent; Greek @GkainСѓs (= @GkaniСѓs), new; Sanskrit kanР±, young; Church Slavonic koni, beginning. Some again have compared Teutonic hind as in English hindmost.
ceud
a hundred, so Irish, Old Irish cР№t, Welsh cant, Cornish cans, Breton kant, *kn@.to-n; Latin centum; Greek @Ge@`katСѓn (=se-kn@.ton); Gothic hund, English hund-red; Lithuanian szРјmtas; Sanskrit Г§atР±m.
ceudfadh
sense, Irish cР№adfadh, Old Irish cР№tbaid, Welsh canfod, to perceive, *cant-buti-, "with-being", from ceud, with first, and bu, be.
ceudna
the same, so Irish, Old Irish cР№tna, *centinio-s; from ceud, first.
ceum
a step, Irish cР№im, Old Irish ceimm, Welsh, Cornish cam, Old Welsh cemmein, gradibus, Breton kam, *kn@.gmen-, verb *kengГґ, I go, Irish cingim, Gaulish Cingeto-rix, "king of marching men" - of warriors: Indo-European khen@g, limp; German hinken, limp; Sanskrit khaГ±j, limp.
ceus
ham, polpes: *cencso-; Lithuanian kenkle, hough, bend of the knee, kinka, knee joint; Anglo-Saxon hСѓh (=han @Gh), English hough (Strachan for Lithuanian). The gen. is ceС‚is, whence ceС‚s, etc.
ceus
the coarse part of the wool on sheep's legs (Heb.), Middle Irish cР№slach; from ceus
cha, cha'n
not, Irish nocha n-, Old Irish nРЅ con aspirating. The particle no or nu is no part of this negative: only nРЅ and con, "non quod", con being the same as gu'n. Aspirating power of it is as yet unexplained. Ulster Irish cha.
chaidh
went, ivit, Irish cochuaidh, Old Irish dochСѓid, he went, *coud-; Sanskrit codati, make haste, codayati, drive, cСѓda, a goad; English shoot. See deach.
chaoidh
for ever, Irish choidhche, Early Irish chaidche, coidchi; for co-aidche, gu oidhche, "till night".
cheana
already, Irish cheana, Early Irish chena, in sooth, quidem, jam, ol chena, ar chena, Old Irish cene, olchene; from cen-Р№, "without this", root in gun, without, cion, want.
chРј
will see, Irish chidhim, chРЅm, Old Irish atchРЅ, videt, *ad-cesiГґ, *kesiГґ; Sanskrit caksh, see, for *ca-kas; Latin canus (*cas-no-?), grey; Anglo-Saxon hasu, grey, English hare. See chunnaic, faic. The aspiration of chРј is due to the lost ad- initial, which is confused with the verbal particle do, a.
cho, co
as, so, Irish comh, Welsh cyn; from com, with. See comh-. Gaelic "Cho dubh ri feannaig" = Welsh "Cyn ddued a'r frГўn".
chon
to; dialectic form of gu. The n belongs to the article. Also thun; q.v. Compare chugad and thugad to chon and thun in phonetics.
chuala
heard, Irish do chuala, Old Irish rochСЉala, Welsh cigleu, *kuklova; root kleu as in cluinn, q.v.
chugad
towards thee, so Irish, Old Irish chucut, *cu-cu-t, where the prep. cu or gu, to, is reduplicated. See gu. The t or -ut is for tu, q.v. So with chuga, chuige, etc.
chum, chщm, a chum
to, for, in order to, Irish chum, do chum, Old Irish dochum n-, dochom n-; an idiomatic use of com, side? Cf. English side, beside.
chun
to, until; See chon.
chunnaic
saw, Irish chonacadar, they saw, Old Irish conaca, vidi; from con+ faic; for con, See comh-, and See faic. The old past was chunnairc, still used in Irish as chonnairc, from con-+ dearc, q.v.
cia
who, what, Irish cia, Old Irish cРЅa, Welsh pwy, Cornish pyu, Breton piu, *qei; Latin qui (Old Latin quei). See further under co.
ciabh
a lock of hair, so Irish, Early Irish ciab: *kes-abu-, kes of cas?
Ciadaoin, Di-ciadaoin
Wednesday, Irish CР№adaoin, Old Irish cР№tР±in, first fast, "Day of the First Fast". The first weekly fast was the latter half of Wednesday, the next was Friday - Di-h-aoine. Thursday is the day "Between two fasts" - Diardaoin, q.v. See further under Di-.
ciagach
sly-jumoured (Dialectic):
cial
side or brim of a vessel; See ciobhull.
ciall
sense, understanding, Irish, Old Irish ciall, Welsh pwyll, Cornish pull, Breton poell, *qeislГў: Indo-European qei, observe, see, shine; Greek @GpinutСѓs, wise; Sanskrit cetati, perceive, cittam, thought, cino@-ti, discover; further German heiter, clear.
cian
remote, so Irish, Old Irish cРЅan, *keino-; from the pronominal root kei, there, Greek @Gke@ninos, ille, Latin cis, citra, English he. Others have referred it to root qei, qi, Sanskrit ciras, long, Gothic hveila, time, English while. Hence cianail, sad, lonesome, Irish cianamhuil.
cianog
a small measure of arable land (Heb.: H.S.D.); See cionag.
ciar
dusky, Irish, Early Irish cРЅar, *keiro-s, "shadowy"; root sqhei, Greek @GskierСѓs, shady, @GskiР±, shadow, Sanskrit chГўya@-/, shadow, Anglo-Saxon scimo (do.). It has been compared to English hoar, Norse hР±rr, but the vowels do not suit.
cias
g. ceС‚is, border, skirt, fringe:
ciatach, ciatfach
elegant, becoming, Irish cР№adfadhach, discreet, belonging to the senses; from ceudfadh, q.v.
cibein
rump (of a bird, M`D.), Irish cibРЅn, the rump ( Con.). Cf. Irish giob, a tail.
cРјbeir
a shepherd; from Scottish, English keeper.
cidhis
a mask, vizard (M`D.), luchd cidhis, masqueraders; from Scottish gyis, a mask, gysars, masqueraders, Middle English gi@-sen, to dress, English guise, disguise; all from Old French guise, modus, desguiser, disguise. The Scottish was directly borrowed in the Stuart period.
cigil
tickle (Sh.); See ciogail.
cРјleag
a diminutive, weakly person (Arg.):
cРјleag
a diminutive, weakly person (Arg.):
cРјlean
a large codfish; from Norse keila, gadus longus or "long cod". Also cilig (Sutherland).
cill
a church; locative case of ceall, q.v., used for the most part in place-names.
cillein
a concealed heap, repository, Irish cillРЅn, a purse or store of hoarded cash (O'Br.), dim of ceall, cell, church, q.v.
cineal
offspring, clan, Irish cineul, Old Irish cenР№l, Welsh cenedl, Old Welsh cenetl, Corl kinethel, *kenetlo-n: Indo-European qen, begin; Greek kainСѓs, new ( @GkanjСѓs); Latin re-cens, English recent; Church Slavonic koni, beginning; Sanskrit kanР±, young.
cinn
grow, increase, spring from, Irish, Early Irish cinim, spring from, descend of; root qen of cineal, q.v. Also cinnich, grow, increase.
cinneadh, cinne
tribe, clan, Irish cineadh, cine, Early Irish ciniud (g. cineda); from root qen in cineal, q.v. Hence cinnich, gentiles, Irish cineadhach, a gentile.
cinneag
a spindle (Sutherland):
cinnseal
need, desire ( Arms.), contact, origin ( M`A.). In the first sense, the word is from cion, want; in the second, from cinn. In the sense of "contact", as exemplified by M`A., the Scottish kinches, correspondence, etc. ("to kep kinches wi' one"), has to be remembered, a word apparently from kin.
cinnte
certain, so Irish, Old Irish cinnim, definio, Р№cintech, infinitus; from ceann, head, q.v.
cРјob
bite, wound (Bib. Gl.); See caob. cРјbidh ( Hend.).
ciod
what, Irish cad, Old Irish cate, cote, lit. "quid est", co+ ta, q.v. Irish caidР№ (North goidР№, Old Irish catР№, what is it, Old Irish itР№, it is.
ciogail
tickle, Irish giglim; See diogail. In the Heb. ciogailt, tickling, also signifies terror, a crisis of timerous determination (H.S.D.).
ciom
a comb, wool-card, Irish ciomam, I comb ( O'Br., Sh.); from Middle English kemb, to comb. H.S.D. has not the word.
ciomach
a prisoner, Irish cimidh, Old Irish cimbid, *km@.biti- (Stokes), root kemb, wind; Latin cingo, surround; Greek @GkСѓmbos, band, Norwegian hempa (do.). See ceangal, from the same Indo-European root qen@g.
ciombal
bell, cymbal, so Irish,; from Latin cymbalum, English cymbal.
ciomboll
a bundle of hay or straw (Heb.); from Norse kimbill, a bundle kimbla, to truss, Scottish kemple, fory bottles of hay or straw, kimple, a piece (Banffshire).
cion
want; from the root ken of gun, without.
cion
love, esteem, Irish cion, cean, Middle Irish cen, Old Irish fochen, welcome; root qino-, qi, Indo-European qei, notice, as in ciall. Further, Greek @Gtimc/, honour, @GtРЅw, honour, @GtРЅnw, pay penalty. The sense of honour and punishment is combined in the same word. See ciont.
cionag
a small portion of land, one-fourth of a cleitig or one-eighth of a "farthing" land (Heb.), Irish cionСѓg, a small coin, a kernel; cf. Welsh ceiniog, a penny.
cionar
music (Arms.; Sh. has cionthar; H.S.D. has cion'thar from A.M`D., querulous music):
cionn, os cionn
etc.; this is the old dat. of ceann, head (*qenno@-).
cionarra
identical, idem; Irish cionda (dial. Gaelic cРјonda), for ceudna, by metathesis of the n. The Gaelic -arra is an adjectival form of the -ar in aon-ar, etc.
cionnas
how, Irish cionnus, Old Irish cindas = co+indas; See co and ++ionnas.
ciont
guilt, Irish cionnta, Old Irish cintach, injustice, cin, guilt (*cin-at-), dat.pl. cintaib; also Gaelic ++cion; Indo-European qin, Greek @GtРЅnumai, punish, @Gpoinc/, punishment, Latin p@oena, punishment, English pain. See cion.
ciora
a pet lamb or sheep, cireag, a petted sheep, ciridh, the call to a sheep to come to one: all from a shorter form of the root ka'er or kair (i.e. kir) of caora, q.v.
cioralta
cheerful, ciorbail, snug; from English cheerful. Cf. tРјorail.
ciorram
hurt, damage, wounding, Irish cРЅorrbhadh, Early Irish cirriud, cirud, *cir-thu-, root ker, destroy, Latin caries, decay, Greek @Gkc/r, death, Sanskrit Г§r@.nГўtРЅ, smash. ro cirrad, was mutilated.
cРјosaich
subdue: "make tributary"; from cРјs, tribute, tax.
ciosan
a bread basket, corn-skep (M`D.), Irish cisean, cis, basket, Middle Irish ceiss, possibly allied to (if not borrowed from) Latin cista (Stokes). See cР№is. Scottish cassie.
ciotach
left-handed, sinister, so Irish, Welsh chwith, *sqГ®ttu- (Stokes), *sqit-tu-, and sqit is an extension of sqi, sqai in Greek @GskaiСѓs, Latin scaevas (*sqai-vo-), left.
ciotag
a little plaid, shawl, Old Irish cР№taig, acc. case (Bk.of Armagh);
cРјr
a comb, Irish cРјor, Old Irish cРЅr, *kensrГў; cf. Greek @GktР№is, g. @GktenСѓs, (from skens), Church Slavonic ceslu@u, Lithuanian kasy/ti, scratch (Stokes, Strachan), root qes, shave, scratch; cf. Greek @GxР№w, @GxurСѓn. Zimmer refers it to the root qers, to furrow, Sanskrit karsha, a scratch, etc.; but qers would give a Gaelic cerr. A Celtic cГЄra would be the ideal form, suggesting Latin cГЄra, wax, "honey-comb".
cРјs
tribute, tax, Irish cРЅos, Old Irish cРЅs; from Latin census, whence English census.
cisd, cist
a chest, Irish cisde, Middle Irish ciste, Welsh cist; from Latin cista, Irish cis, piece of basket work of osiers. Cf. Old Irish cass, basket, Latin quasillus.
cРјsean
hamper (Islay); from cРёis.
ciseart
a light tweed (N.Lochaber).
cistin
a kitchen; from the English
cith
a shower, Irish cith, cioth, g. ceatha, Early Irish cith, Old Irish cithech, flebilium; *citu-:
cith
rage, ardour; *ketu-, cf. cuthach: an cith, attuned, where cith seems from English key, mood.
cithean
a complaining; See caoin.
cithris-chaithris
confusion (M`L.): "hurly-burly"; an onomatopoetic word.
ciщbhran, ciщran, ciщrach
small rain, drizzle, Irish ceСѓbhrР±n. See ceС‚ban. Middle Irish ciabor, mist.
ciuchair
beautiful, dimpling ( Sh., Arms.; not H.S.D.):
ciщcharan, ciщcran
a low-voiced plaint: from Norse kjГ¶kra, whine, kjГ¶kr, a voice stifled with tears.
ciщin
mild, Irish ciСЉin, *kivo-ni-, Indo-European, kivo-, keivo-, akin, dear; Latin civis, English civil; Norse hy/rr, mild, Anglo-Saxon heСѓre, German ge-heuer, safe; Church Slavonic po-Г§ivu@u, benignus; Sanskrit Г§ivР±, friendly.
ciщrr
hurt, Irish cРЅorrbhaigim, I maim, wound: See ciorram. Cf., however, Old Irish dufiurrsa, adteram, du-furr, attriveris, iСЉrthund, to hurt, root org as in turguin.
clab
an open mouth, Irish clab; from English clap, a clap, noise, the human tongue. Hence claban, a mill-clapper.
claban
top of the head, brain-pan (H.S.D.); cf. Welsh clopen, Gaelic claigionn, q.v. Possibly Pictish?
clabar-nasg
the clasp of wooden cow collar (Arg.):
clabog
a good bargain, great pennyworth:
clach
a stone, Irish, Early Irish cloch, Welsh clwg, a rock, detached rock, clog, a rock, clogan, a large stone, *klukГў; root kal, kl-, hard; Gothic hallus, stone, Norse hella, flat stone, Sanskrit Г§ilГў, a stone. Usually correlated with Latin calculus, a pebble, English calculate.
clachan
kirk or kirk town, Irish clochР±n, monastic stone-cells singly or in group; also Gaelic and Irish "stepping stones".
clР°d
comb wool, clР°d, a wool comb; from Scottish claut, clauts, wool comb, also a "clutching hand, a hoe or scraper"; from claw.
cladach
a shore, beach, so Irish, *claddo-, "a score, shore"; from clad of cladh, q.v.
clР°dan
a burr, a thing that sticks, Irish cladР±n, burr, flake; from clР°d.
cladh
churchyard, Irish cladh, a bank, ditch, Early Irish clad, a ditch, Welsh cladd, clawdd, fossa, Cornish cledh (do.), Breton cleuz (do.), *klado-, *klГўdo; root kela, kla, break, split, hit; Greek @GkladarСѓs, easily broken; Latin clГўdes; Russ. kladu, cut. See further claidheamh, sword. Hence cladhaich, dig.
cladhaire
a poltroon, so Irish; "digger, clod-hopper", from cladh?
clag
a bell, Irish clog, Old Irish clocc, Welsh, Cornish cloch, Breton kloc'h, *klokko-, *kloggo-; root, klog, klag, sound; Latin clango, English clang; Greek @GklР±zw, @Gklaggc/, clang; Lithuanian klage@?ti, cackle. Bez. suggests Bul. klu@ucam, hit, giving the stem of clag as *klukko-. Hence English clock, etc.
clР°ideag
a lock, ringlet; See clР°d, clР°dan.
claidheag
the last handful of corn cut on the farm, the "maiden" (Badenoch); Scottish claaik-sheaf (Aberdeen, etc.), from claaick, the harvest home; the state of having all the corn in.
claidheamh
a sword, Irish clСѓidheamh, Old Irish claideb, Welsh cleddyf, Cornish cledhe, Breton kleze, *kladebo-s; root klad, Sanskrit kladga: Greek @GklР±dos, a twig; Church Slavonic kladivo, a hammer. Further root kela, klГў, hit, split; Latin culter, per-cellere, etc. See cladh.
claidhean
better clР°idhean, the bolt of a door, Irish claibРЅn; from the same source as claidheamh. H.S.D. gives it in supp. as clР°imhean.
claidreach
a damaging, shattering: *claddo-; root clad of claidheamh.
claigionn
a skull, Irish cloigionn, Middle Irish cloicend, Welsh clopen, Breton klopenn, *cloc-cenn, from clag and ceann, "bell-head, dome-head". Stokes considers the Irish borrowed from the Welsh. Cf. claban.
clais
a furrow, ditch, so Irish, Early Irish class, Welsh clais, *clad-s-ti-; from *clad of cladh. Breton kleus, pit.
clР°istinn
hearing, listening; from *clГґstГў, ear; See cluas.
clР°iteachd
gentle rain (Arran):
clambar
wrangling, Irish clampar; from Latin clamor.
clamhan
a buzzard:
clamhradh
a scratching, so Irish: *clam-rad; See cloimh, itch.
clamhsa
an alley, close, so Irish,; from English close.
clР°mhuinn
sleet:
clann
children, clan, so Irish, Old Irish cland, Welsh plant, *qlanatГў: Indo-European root qel; Greek @GtР№los, company; Old Slavonic celjadi@u, family, Lithuanian kiltis = Lettic zilts, race, stock; Sanskrit kСЉla, race. Some have added Latin populus. Usually regarded as borrowed from Latin planta, a sprout, English plant, whence Gaelic clannach, comatus.
claoidh
vex, oppress, Irish claoidhim, Old Irish clСѓim, Welsh cluddio, overwhelm, *cloid; Indo-European klei, incline, as in claon, q.v. Windisch and Stokes refer it to *cloviГґ, root qlov, qlav, qlu, shut in, Latin claudo, close, claudus, lame, Greek @GkleРЅs, @GkleidСѓs, key.
claon
inclining, squint, oblique, Irish claon, Old Irish clСѓin: *kloino-; Latin cli@-no, accli@-nis, leaning, English incline; Greek @GklРЅnw ( @G i long), incline; English lean; Lithuanian szlГ«/ti, incline; Sanskrit Г§rayati (do.).
clap, clapartaich
clap, clapping; from the English clap.
clР°r
a board, tablet, Irish, Old Irish clР±r, Welsh claur, Old Welsh claur; Greek @Gklc/ros (for @Gkla@nros), a lot, @GklР±w, break; root qela, qlГў, break, etc., as in claidheamh, coille, q.v. Hence, inter alia, clР°rach, a woman of clumsy figure, "board-built".
clР°rsach
a harp, Irish clР±irseach; from clР±r. Cf. for meaning fiodhcheall, chess-play, "wood-intelligence".
clasp, claspa
a clasp, Irish clasba; from the English
clР°tar
mire (Dial.); from Scottish clart.
clathnР°ire
bashfulness ( M`D., who writes clР°thnР°ire. H.S.D. gives the form in the text): clath+ nР°ire; See nР°ire. clath seems from the root qel, hide, as in ceil, q.v. ( H.S.D.).
cleachd
a practice, custom, Irish cleachdadh, Early Irish clechtaim, I am wont, *kl@.cto-, root qel, as in Latin colo, English cultivate, Greek @GpР№lomai, go, be, etc. Cf., however, cleas.
cleachd
a ringlet, a fillet of wool, Early Irish clechtaim, I plait (Cam.), Welsh pleth; from Latin plecto, English plait.
clearc
a curl, lock of hair:
cleas
a play, trick, feat, so Irish, Early Irish cless, *clessu-, *clexu-; root klek, klok, as in cluich, q.v.
cleath
concealment, hiding; also cleith (*kleti-s); inf. to ceil, hide, q.v.
cleibe
an instrument for laying hold of fish, or of sea-fowls, Irish clipe; from English clip, a gaff or cleek, a fastener, Norse kly/pa, to pinch, Old High German chluppa, tongs.
clР№ir
the clergy, Irish clР№ir; from Latin clГЄrus. See clР№ireach.
clР№ireach
a clerk, a cleric, Old Gaelic clР№rec (Book of Deer), Irish clР№ireach, Early Irish clР№rech, Breton kloarek; from Latin cle@-ricus, a clerk, cleric, from Greek @GklcrikСѓs (do.), from @Gklc@nros, a lot, office: "the lot ( @Gklc@nron) of this ministry" (Acts i. 17).
cleit
a quill, feather, down, Irish cleite:
cleit
a rocky eminence; from Norse klettr, rock, cliff. Common in Northern place-names.
cleit
bar, ridge (Carm.).
cleith
a stake, wattle, Irish cleith, cleath, Early Irish cleth, tignum, Welsh clyd, sheltering, Middle Breton clet, warm (place); root qleit, qlit, Old Sax. hhlîdan, cover, Gothic hleiðra, hut, Church Slavonic kleti, house. Hence cleith, roof; the Early Irish clйthe, roof, roof-pole, appears to be for kleitio-, the same root in its full vocalic form (Schräder).
cleith
concealing, Old Irish cleith; See cleath.
cleitig, clitig
a measure of land - an 8th of the "penny" land:
cleС‚c
a cloak, Irish clСѓca; from the English
cleuraidh
one who neglects work (Arran):
clРј
vigour:
clРј
left (hand), wrong, Irish clРЅ, Early Irish clРЅ, Welsh cledd, Old Welsh cled, Breton kleiz, *klijo; root klei, incline, Gothic hleiduma, left, etc. See further under claon.
cliabh
a basket, hamper, the chest (of a man), Irish clРЅabh, Old Irish cliab, corbis, *cleibo-. Root klei as in cliath.
cliadan
a burr; cf. clР°dan.
cliamhuinn
son-in-law, Irish cliamhuin, Gaelic and Irish cleamhnas, affinity; root klei, lean, Latin cliens, English client, in-cline, lean.
cliar
a poet, hero or heroes, Irish, Early Irish clРЅar, society, train, clergy; from Latin clР№rus, as in clР№ir, q.v. Hence cliaranach, a bard, swordsman. The , (Senchan's Lot) was the mythic bardic company, especially on its rounds (Gaelic Folk Tales). Hence cliarachd, singing, feats.
cliatan
a level plot of ground: *cliath-t-an, a participial formation from cliath, harrow - "harrowed, level".
clath
harrow, hurdle, Irish clРЅath, Early Irish cliath, Old Irish Vadum clied (Adamnan), Dublin, Welsh clwyd, hurdle, Cornish cluit, Breton kloned, Gaulish 8clГЄta, whence French claie, hurdle, *kleitГў; root klei, lean; Lettic slita, wood fence, Lit szlitР№, a rack (of a waggon).
cliath
tread hens, as cock:
cliathach
side, the side of the ribs, Irish cliathР±n, side, breast, *kleito-, "slope", root klei, incline; Norse klРЅГ°, a slope, mountain side, Greek @GklitСЉs ( i long), a slope, hill-side.
clibeag
a trick, wile (H.S.D.); from cleibe, clip, as clРјchd from cleek.
clibist
a misadventure; See cliob.
clic
a hook, gaff: See clРјchd.
clРјchd
an iron hook; from Scottish cleik, English cleek, click.
clРјchd
a cunning trick; from the above. Scottish cleiky, ready to take the advantage, tricky, cleek, inclination to cheat: "There's a cleek in 'im" (Banffshire).
cliob
to stumble, cliobach, stumbling, awkward. Cf. Scottish clypock, a fall. See cliob.
cliob
anything dangling, excrescence, cliobain, a dew-lap, Irish cliob, clibРЅn; also Irish cliobach, hairy, shaggy, clibСѓg, a (shaggy) colt, etc. Cf. Scottish clype, an ugly, ill-shaped fellow: origin unknown (Murray); clip, a colt, German klepper, palfrey. Root ql@.@g, stumpy, Greek @GkolobСѓs.
cliopach
halt in speech (H.S.D.): cf. English clip words.
cliostar
a clyster; from the English
clip
a hook, clip, Irish clipe, a gaff; from the English clip. See cleibe.
clipe
deceit (H.S.D.); See clibeag.
clis
active, Irish, Middle Irish cliste, ready, quick. Cf. Welsh clys, impulse: *cl@.-sto-; root kel, as in Latin celer, swift, etc.? "", the Merry Dancers. From cleas. Cf. Irish and Early Irish deil-clis, staff-sling.
clisbeach
unsteady of foot, cripple; from clis. Also clisneach.
clisg
start, Irish cliosg (Meath Dial., clist); from clis.
clisinnean
boat ribs, clisneach, rib:
clisneach
the human body, carcase, outward appearance (Arms.; not H.S.D.):
clisneach
a bar-gate ( H.S.D.), a rib ( Wh.):
cliщ
renown, praise, Irish, Old Irish clСЉ, Welsh clyw, sense of hearing, clod, praise; Greek @GklР№os, fame; Sanskrit Г§ravР±s, Indo-European kleu, hear. See further under cluinn.
cliщchd
mend nets:
cliщd
a slap with the fingers; from the Scottish clout, English clout, a cuff, "clout".
cliщd
a small or disabled hand; from Scottish cloot, hoof, half-hoof?
clС‚, clС‚th
broad-cloth; from English cloth, clothing, etc.
clС‚
a print, printing press, Middle Gaelic clСѓ (Carswell), Irish clСѓ, clСѓdh (clodhuighim, Coneys; Early Irish clod, mark?); cf. ++clС‚. Also clС‚dh.
++clС‚
a nail, Irish, Early Irish clС‚, Welsh clo, key, Breton klao, tool, *klavo-; Latin clГўvus, nail, clavis, key; Greek @GkleРЅs, key, etc. See claoidh.
clС‚-chadail
slumber; See clС‚th.
clobha
a pair of tongs; from Norse klofi, a fork (of a river), a forked mast, snuffers, klof, fork of the legs, "cloven, cleft". The Irish clobh(a) in Con. and Fol., and the clomh of Lh., seems a Scottish importation, for Coneys says the vernacular is tlobh. In fact, the Irish word is tlСЉ, tlСЉgh: "lifter"; root tl@.- as in Latin tollo?
clobhsa
a close, lane, farm-yard, Irish clamhsa, Welsh claws; from English close. Also, clamhsa, q.v.
clochranaich
wheezing in the throat ( M`F.; Sh. has clochar, and clochan, respire); from Scottish clocher, wheezing, cloch, cough feebly. It is an onomatopoetic word, like English cluck, clock.
clod
a clod, turf; from the English
clogad, clogaid
a helmet, Irish clogad, Middle Irish clogat, at chluic, Early Irish clocatt; from ad, hat, q.v., and ++clog head, which See in claigionn.
clogais
a wooden clog; from English clogs.
cloidhean
the pitch of the box-tree or any shrub tree (Arms.; not H.S.D.). Cf. glaoghan.
clС‚imh
wool, down of feathers, Irish clСЉmh, down, feathers, Early Irish clСЉm, pluma, Welsh pluf, plumage; from Latin pluma (English plumage).
clС‚imhdich
rub or scratch as itchy; same as clamhradh in meaning and root.
clС‚imhein
icicle, snot; from clС‚imh
clois
the herb "stinking marsh, horse tail", Irish clСѓis, clo-uisge (O'R.), "water nail" (Cameron).
cloitheag
a shrimp, prawn (M`D.), Irish cloitheСѓg. Possibly for claidh-, *cladi-, root clad of cladh: "a digger". M`L. has instead cloidheag, a small shore-fish.
clomh
counteract, subdue (Carm.). See caochail.
clomhais
cloves; from the English
clos
rest, sleep, stillness; *clud-to-, root klu, klav; See claoidh.
closach
a carcase; from clos, q.v.
clС‚said
a closet, Irish closeud; from the English
clС‚th
mitigate, still; from the root klav, of claoidh, q.v.
cluain
a green plain, pasture, Irish and Early Irish cluain: *clopni-; Lithuanian szlapti, become wet, szlapina, a wet spot; Greek @GklР№pas (Hes.), a wet muddy place (Strachan).
cluaineas, cluain
intriguing, deceit, Irish cluainearachd, cluain, *clopni; Greek @GklР№ptw; steal, English lift, cattle lifting (Strachan). cluain = sense (Glenmoriston).
cluaran
a thistle; cf. Welsh cluro, whisk.
cluas
ear, Irish, Old Irish cluas, Welsh clust, *kloustГў, root kleus, klus, kleu, hear; Old Sax. hlust, hearing, English listen, etc. See cluinn.
clщd
a patch, clout, Irish clСЉd, Welsh clwt; from the English clout, Anglo-Saxon clСЉt (Rhys, Murray).
cluich
play, Irish cluiche, a game, Early Irish cluche, a game, Old Irish cluichech, ludibundus: *klokjo-; Gothic hlahjan, English laugh, German lachen (Windisch, Stokes). placere?
cluigein
a little bell, anything dangling; from clag.
cluinn
hear, Irish, Early Irish cluinim, Welsh clywed hearing, Cornish clewaf, audio, Breton klevet, audire, *klevô, I hear; Latin clueo, am reputed, inclustus, famous; Greek @Gklevô, hear; English loud, listen; Sanskrit çru, hear, crâvas, sound. Hence cliщ, cluas, etc.
cluip
cheat: hardly *kloppi-; Greek @GklР№ptw.
clupaid
the swollen throat in cattle:
cluthaich
cover, clothe, Irish cluthmhar, sheltered, warm. Cf. Early Irish clithaigim, I shelter, clith, clothing, Welsh clyd, sheltering; root qel of ceil, q.v. Irish clСЉdaim, I clothe, cover, from English clothe, has possibly influenced the vowel both in Gaelic and Irish
cluthaich
chase, Irish cluthaighim: *kluto-, *klu; See claoidh?
cnab
pull, haul; See cnap.
cnabaire
an instrument for dressing flax, Irish cnР±ib, hemp; See cainb.
cnag
a crack, Irish cnag; from the English crack.
cnag
a pin, knob, Irish cnag; from the English knag, a peg, Danish knag, a peg, Swedish knagg, a knag.
cnР°id
a scoff, Irish cnР±id:
cnР°imh
bone, Irish cnР±imh, Old Irish cnР±im, *knГўmi-s; Greek @Gknc/mc, leg; English ham.
cnap
a knob, Irish cnap, Early Irish cnapp; from Norse knappr, a knob, Middle English knap. Hence also Gaelic and Irish cnap, a blow, Scottish knap, English knappe, blow.
cnapach
a youngster; from cnap. But cf. Norse knapi, boy, varlet, English knave.
++cnarra
a ship, Irish cnarra; from Norse knГ¶rr, g. knarrar, Anglo-Saxon cnear.
cnatan
a cold: *krod-to-; German rotz, catarrh; Greek @GkСѓruza (do.). Also cneatan.
cnead
a sigh, groan, so Irish, Early Irish, cnet; from the root can of can, say, sing.
cneadh
a wound, so Irish, Early Irish cned, *knidГў; Greek @GknРЅzw, sting, @GknРЅdc, nettle; Anglo-Saxon hnРЅtan, tundere. Cf. Teutonic hnit, hit; Greek @Gknizw, stick, cut; cneidh-ghalar, painful complaint.
cneap
a button, bead; See cnap.
cneas
skin, waist, Irish cneas, Early Irish cnes; from cen of cionn, skin; See boicionn; Cornish knes, body, Welsh cnawd, human flesh.
cneasda
humane, modest, Irish cneasda; from cen as in cineal, kin.
cnРёatag
fir cone, shinty ball:
cneisne
slender (M`D.); from cneas.
cniadaich
caress, stroke:
cnС‚
a nut, Irish cnСѓ, Old Irish cnСЉ, Welsh cneuen, pl. cnau, Cornish cnyfan, Breton knaouenn, *knovГў; Norse, hnot, Anglo-Saxon hnutu, English nut, German nuss.
cnoc
a hillock, Ir, cnoc, Old Irish cnocc, Old Breton cnoch, tumulus, Breton kreac'h, krec'henn, hill, *knokko-; from knog-ko-, Norse, hnakki, nape of the neck, Anglo-Saxon hnecca, necl, English neck. Some have given the stem as *cunocco, and referred it to the root of Gaulish cuno-, high, Welsh cwn, height, root ku, be strong, great, as in curaidh, q.v. Cf. Anglo-Saxon hnoll, Old High German hnol, vertex, head. See ceann.
cnС‚caid
a young woman's hair bound up in a fillet. Founded on the Scottish cockernonny.
cnod
a knot, Irish cnota; from the English
cnС‚d
a patch, piece on a shoe; cf. Scottish knoit, knot, large piece.
cnС‚daich
acquire, lay up, Irish cnСѓdach, acquiring (O'R.); See cnС‚d.
cnС‚dan
the gurnet, Irish cnСЉdР±n (Fol.); cf. Scottish crooner, so-called from the croon or noise it makes when landed. The Gaelic seems borrowed from Scottish crooner, mixed with Scottish crout, croak.
cnСѓid
a sumptuous present (Heb.); crС‚id:
cnoidh
tooth-ache, sever pain; See cnuimh.
cnomhagan
a large whelk, buckie; cf. cnС‚, nut.
cnot
unhusk barley; from cnotag, the block or joint of wood hollowed out for unhusking barley. The word is the English knot?
cnuachd
head, brow, temple, Irish cruaic (O'R.); cf. Welsh cnuwch, bushy head of hair, cnwch, knuckle, cnuch, joint, *cnoucco-, "a prominence"; root kneu, knu; Norse hnСЉkr, hnjСЉkr, knoll, peak, hnuГ°r, a knob. Hence cnuachdach, shrewd: "having a head".
cnuas
gnash, chew, crunch; for cruas, cruais, founded on English crush, crunch?
cnuasaich
ponder, collect, Irish cnuasuighim, cnuas, a collection, scraping together, Gaelic and Irish cnuasachd, reflection, collection, *knousto-; root knu, knevo, scrape, Greek @GknСЉw, scratch, Norse hnГ¶ggr, niggard, English niggard, Anglo-Saxon hneР±w, sparing. The idea is "scraping together": a niggard is "one who scrapes". Stokes (Dict.) gives the root as knup, and compares Lithuanian knupsyti, oppress. St. now, possibly, *knoud-to, Norse, knСЉГ°r, ball. Cf. cruinnich, for force.
cnuimh
a worm; wrong spelling for cruimh, q.v.
cnumhagan
a handful (Heb.); for crobhagan, from ++crobh the hand? See crС‚g.
co, cС‚
who, Old Irish co-te, now Gaelic ciod, q.v.; Welsh pa, Cornish py, pe, Breton pe, quia, root qo-, qa, qe; Latin quod; Greek @GpСѓ-qi, etc.; English who.
co, cho
as, so; See cho.
cС‚b
plenty (Sh.); from Latin copia. Irish cСѓib, party, followers.
cobhair
assistance, so Irish, Old Irish cobir, *cobris, co+ber, root bher, carry, See beir; and cf. for meaning Greek @GsumfР№rei, it is of use.
cobhan
coffer, box, Irish cofra; from English coffin, coffer.
cobhar
foam, Irish cubhar, Early Irish cobur: co+bur; for bar, See tobar, well.
cobhartach
spoil, booty:
cobhlach
fleet. See cabhlach.
coc
cock, to cock; from the English
cС‚caire
a cook, Irish cСѓcaire, Middle Irish cocaire, Cornish peber, pistor; from the Latin coquo, I cook.
cochull
also coich (Carm.), husk, hood, Irish cochal, Old Irish cochull, Welsh swcwll, hood, cowl; from Latin cucullus, English cowl.
cocontachd
smartness (A.M`D.); See coc, gog.
codaich
share, divide; from codach, gen. of cuid.
cС‚dhail
a meeting; See cС‚mhdhail.
cogadh
war, so Irish, Old Irish cocad: *con-cath, "co-battle"; See cath.
cogais
conscience, Irish cogus, Old Irish concubus: con+cubus; and Old Irish cubus, conscience, is for con-fis, co and fios, knowledge, q.v.
cogan
a loose husk, covering (H.S.D.), a small vessel; See gogan for latter force.
cogull
tares, cockle, Irish cogal; borrowed from Middle English cackel, cokkul, now cockle.
coibhneas
proper spelling of caoimhneas, which see.
coibhseachd
propriety, so Irish coibhseach, becoming; cf. Middle Irish cuibdes, fittingness, from cubaid; See cubhaidh.
coicheid
suspicion, doubt:
cСѓig
five, Irish cСЉig, Old Irish cСѓic, Welsh pump, Early Welsh pimp, Cornish pymp, Breton pemp, Gaulish pempe, *qenqe; Latin quinque; Greek @GpР№nte; Lithuanian penki; Gothic fimf; Sanskrit pР±Г±ca.
coigil
spare, save, so Irish, Early Irish coiclim, cicill (n.); *con-cel, root qel, as in Latin colo, etc. Also cagail. The Early Irish cocell, concern, thought, is for con-ciall; ciall, sense.
coigreach
a stranger, Irish coigcrigheach, cСѓigcrРЅoch, *con-crРЅch-ech, "provincial", Early Irish cocrРЅch, province, boundary. See crРјoch. The meaning is, "one that comes from a neighbouring province".
coilceadha
bed materials, ++coilce a bed, Irish coilce, a bed, Early Irish colcaid, flock bed, Old Welsh cilcet, now cylched; from Latin culcita, a pillow, English quilt.
coilchean
a little cock, water spouting; from coileach, q.v.
coileach
a cokc, so Irish, Old Irish cailech, Welsh ceiliog, Cornish celioc, Breton kiliok, *kaljР±kos, the "caller"; rrot qal, call; Latin calare, summon, English Calends; Greek @GkalР№w, call; Lithuanian kalba, speech, etc.
coileag
a cole of hay; from the Scottish cole, a cole or coil of hay. See gСѓileag. cС‚ileag (Perth.).
coileid
a stir, noise (Heb.); cf. English coil, of like force. The Gaelic seems borrowed therefrom.
coileir
a collar, Irish coilР№ar; from the English
coille, coill
wood, Irish coill, Old Irish caill, Welsh celli, Cornish kelli, *kaldet-, Greek @GklР±dos, a twig; English holt, German holz. Further root qla, qela, split, hit, as in cladh, claidheamh, q.v.
comparison, co-equal, Irish coimheas, Early Irish coimmeas: com-+ meas. See meas.
coimh-, co-
See comh-.
coimheach
strange, foreign, cruel, Irish coimhtheach, cСѓimhthigheach, cСѓimhightheach, strange, Middle Irish comaigthe, foreign, Old Irish comaigtech, alienigena; for comaitche (Stokes). See tathaich.
++Coimhde
God, Irish CСѓimhdhe, God, the Trinity, Old Irish comdiu, gen. comded (Book of Deer), Lord, *com-mediГґs, "Providence", root med, think as in Gaelic meas, esteem, Latin modus, mediator, mediate. See meas. The fanciful "Coibhi, the Celtic arch-druid", is due to a confusion of the obsolete Coimhdhe with the Northumbrian Coifi of Bede.
coimhead
looking, watching, Irish cСѓimhР№ad, Old Irish comР№t, *com-entu-. For entu, See dРјdean.
coimhearsnach
a neighbour, Irish cСѓmharsa, gen. cСѓmharsan, Early Irish comarse; from com- and ursainn, a door-post (Zimmer). See ursainn.
coimheart
a comparison; *com-bР№rt, root ber, of beir. Cf. Latin confero.
coimheirbse
wrangling: comh-+ farpuis, q.v.
coimhirp
rivalry, striving (Arg.); same root as oidhirp.
coimhliong
a race, course, also coi'lige (Dial.); Irish cСѓimhling; from com- and lingim, I leap. For root, See leum.
coimsich
perceive, Irish coimighim: com-meas; See meas.
coimirc
mercy, quarter, so Irish; See ++comairce.
coimpire
an equal, match; from English compeer or Latin compar.
coimrig
trouble; from Scottish, English cumber, cumbering.
coimseach
indifferent (Sh.); from coimeas, co-equal.
coindean
a kit (Arms.: not in H.S.D.):
cС‚ineag
a nest of wild bees (M`L.); from cС‚inneach, moss. See caonnag.
coinean
a rabbit, coney, Irish coinРЅn, Welsh cwning; from Middle English cuinin, from Old Greek connin, connil, from Latin cuniculus, whence English coney, through French
coingeis
indifferent, same as, no matter; con-geas, from geas, desire, etc. Cf. Р°illeas, from ail-ges.
coingeal
a whirlpool (H.S.D.):
coingheall
a loan, Irish coinghioll, obligation; con-+ giall, q.v.
coingir
a pair (Sh.):
coinlein
a nostril; See cuinnean.
coinn
fit of coughing; a nostril (Hend.):
coinne
a supper, a party to which every one brings his own provisions (Heb.). Cf. Early Irish coindem, coinmed, coigny, conveth, quartering, *kond, eat, as in cnР°mh, q.v.
coinne
woman (Hend.); from Norse kona, kvenna (gen. pl.), woman, English queen.
coinne, coinneamh
a meeting, Irish coinne, Early Irish conne, *con-nesiГў; root nes, come, dwell, Greek @GnР№moi, go, @GnaРЅw, dwell; Sanskrit nas, join some one. Stokes seems to think that kon-dГЄ- is the ultimate form here, dГЄ being the Indo-European dhГЄ, set, Greek @GtРЅqcmi, etc. coinneamh, when used as adverb = coinnibh, dat.pl.?
candle, so Irish, Early Irish candel, Welsh canwyll, Old Welsh cannuill, Cornish cantuil; from Latin candela, whence English candle.
coinneas
a ferret; *con-neas, "dog-weasel"? See neas.
coinnseas
conscience (Hend.):
coinnlein
a stalk, Irish coinlРЅn, Middle Irish coinnlin, Old Irish connall, stipula, *konnallo-; Latin, canna, a rood, Greek @GkР±nna. Stokes also joins Welsh cawn, reed, *kГўno.
cС‚ir
just, right, Irish, Old Irish cСѓir, Welsh cywir: *ko-vГЄro-, "co-true", from vГЄro-, now fРЅor, q.v. Hence cС‚ir, justice, right, share. Also in the phrase 'n an cС‚ir, in their presence; See comhair.
coirb
cross, vicious, Irish corbadh, wickedness, Early Irish corpte, wicked; from Latin corruptus. Also See coiripidh.
coirceag
a bee-hive ( Sh., O'R.):
coire
fault, so Irish, Old Irish caire, Old Welsh cared, Welsh cerydd, Breton carez, *karjГў; Latin carinare, blame, abuse; Let. karinР±t, banter, Church Slavonic karati, punish.
coire
a cauldron, so Irish, Early Irish core, coire, Welsh pair, Cornish, Breton per, *qerjo; Norse hverr, kettle, Anglo-Saxon hwer; Sanskrit carСЉ; Greek @GkР№rnos, a sacrificial vessel.
coireal
coral, from the English
coireall
a quarry, Irish coireul, coilР№r (Four Masters); from French carriere, with dissimilation of r's (Stokes).
coireaman
coriander, so Irish; founded on the Latin coriandrum, Greek @GkorРЅannon.
coirioll
a carol; from the English
coiripidh
corruptible; from Latin corruptus.
cС‚irneil
a colonel, Irish curnel, corniel (Four Masters); from the English
coirpileir
a corporal; from the English
coiseunuich
bless (Sh.); con-+ seun or sian, q.v.
coisich
walk, Irish coiseachd (n.); from cas, coise, q.v.
coisinn
win; See cosnadh.
coisir
a festive party, chorus, Irish coisir, feast, festive party, cСѓisir ( O'R., O'Br., and Keat.), feasting, "coshering":
coisrigeadh
consecration, Old Gaelic consecrad (Book of Deer), Irish coisreagadh, Old Irish coisecrad; from Latin consecratio.
coit
a small boat, Irish coit, Early Irish coite. Cf. Latin cotta, species navis, Norse kati, a small ship, English cat. Stokes suggests that the Gaelic and Irish are from the Low Latin cotia, navis Indica. Hence English cot. Now from *quontio; Gaulish ponto, whence English punt.
coitcheann
common, public, so Irish, Old Irish coitchenn: *con-tech-en?
coiteir
a cottar, Irish coiteСѓir; from the English cottar.
coitich
press one to take something: *con-tec-, root tek, ask, English thig; See atach.
col
an impediment, Irish colaim; root qela, qlГў, break, split? See call; and cf. Greek @GkwlСЉw, hinder, which is probably from the same root.
col
sin, Irish, Early Irish col, Welsh cwl, Old Breton col, *kulo-; Latin culpa, colpa, fault. Stokes hesitates between referring it to the root of Latin culpa or to that of Latin scelus, Gothic skal, English shall, German schuld, crime.
colag
a small steak or collop (Arg.); from English collop.
colaiste
a collage, Irish colaisde; from the English
colamoir
the hake ( Sh., O'Br.), Irish colamСѓir; cf. Scottish coalmie, colemie, the coal-fish.
cС‚lan
a fellow-soldier, companion; cf. cС‚mhla, together. The Irish cСѓmhlach is for com-lach, the lach of С‚glach.
colann, colainn
a body, so Irish, Old Irish colinn, gen. colno, Welsh celain, carcase, Old Welsh celein, cadaver, *colanni- (Brugmann); root qela, break, the idea being "dead body"? Cf. for meaning Greek @GnР№kus, corpse, from nek, kill.
colbh
pillar, Irish colbh, Early Irish colba, Welsh celff, Breton kelf; Latin columna, English column; root qel, high. Gaelic colbh, plant stalk, Irish colmh, is allied to Latin culmus. The Celtic words, if not borrowed from, have been influenced by the Latin
colc
an eider duck (Heb.); from Scottish, English colk, Early Frisian kolke, the black diver.
colg
wrath, Irish, colg; a metaphorical use of calg (i.e. colg), q.v.
colg
sword (ballads). See calg.
collachail
boorish ( H.S.D.; O'R. quoted as authority), Irish collach-amhuil; from Irish collach, boar. See cullach.
collaid
a clamour, Irish collСѓid; See colР№id.
collaidh
carnal, sensual, so Irish, Early Irish collaide; for colnaide, from colann, body, flesh.
collaidin, codalan
white poppy (H.S.D.; O'R. only quoted), Irish collaidРЅn, codalР±n; from colladh, codal, sleep.
collainn
a smart stroke; also coilleag.
colman
a dove; See calman.
colpack
a heifer, steer, Irish colpack, Middle Irish calpach; apparently founded on Norse kР±lfr, a calf. Hence Scottish colpindach.
coltach
like; for co-amhuil-t-ach. See amhuil, samhuil.
coltar
a coulter, Irish coltar, Early Irish coltar; from Middle English cultre, Latin culter.
columan
a dove, Irish and Old Irish colum, Welsh colomen, cwlwm, Cornish colom, Breton coulm; from Latin columbus, columba.
cСѓm
the cavity of the chest, Irish com, coim, chest cavity, waist, body. The Gaelic is allied to Welsh cwm, a valley, "a hollow", *kumbo-; Greek @Gku@nfos, Latin cumbere; German haube, hood; root kumbo-, bend. The Old Irish coim, covering, is from the root kemb, wind, as in cam, q.v.
coma
indifferent, so Irish, Early Irish cuma, Old Irish cumme, idem, is cumma, it is all the same; from root me, measure: "equal measure".
comaidh
a messing, eating together, Early Irish commaid, *kom-buti-s, "co-being", from *buti-s, being. See bРј, be.
comain
obligatino, Irish comaoin, Old Irish commР±in: *com-moini-; Latin communis. See maoin.
++comairce
protection; See comraich.
comanachadh
celebration of the Lord's Supper; from comann or comunn, society, Latin communio, English communion.
comannd
a command; from the English
++comar
a confluence, Irish comar, cumar, Early Irish commar, Welsh cymmer, Breton kemper, confluent, *kom-bero-; Latin con-fero. Root bher, as in beir.
comas, comus
power, Irish cumas, Early Irish commus, *com-mestu-, *mestu-, from med, as in meas (Zimmer, Brugmann).
combach
a companion; a shortened form of companach.
combaid
company (Dial.):
combaiste, compaiste
a compass, Irish compР±s; from the English
comh-, com-
prefix denoting "with, com-, con-", Irish comh-, Old Irish com-, *kom-; Latin cum, com-, con-, English com-, con-, etc. It appears as comh-, com- (before m and b), con- (before d, g), etc.
comhach
prize, prey: *com-agos-; root ag, drive?
comhachag
owl, Welsh cuan, Breton kaouen, Old Breton couann; Late Latin cavannus (from the Celtic - Ernault), French chouette, Old French choue. Cf. German schugu, uhu. An onomatopoetic word originally.
co had
a comparison (Sh.); comh-+ fad, q.v.
co haib
contention about rights (M`A.):
comhaich
dispute, assert, contend:
comhailteachd
a convoy, Irish comhailtim, I join; from comhal, a joining, so Irish, Early Irish accomallte, socius, Old Irish accomol, conjunctio, Welsh cyfall, *ad-com-ol. For ol, See under tional, alt.
comhair
presence, e regione, etc., Irish cСѓmhair, Early Irish comair, Welsh cyfer, Old Welsh cwer: com-+ air, the prep. comh- and air, q.v. (Asc.). Cornish kever. Cf. comhghar of Irish
comhairc
an outcry, appeal, forewarning, Irish cСѓmhairce, Early Irish comaircim, I ask: com-+ arc. For arc, See iomchorc.
comhairle
advice, Irish cСѓmhairle, Old Irish airle, air+ le. This le is usually referred to the root las, desire, Sanskrit lash, desire, Latin lascivus, wanton. Ascoli suggests the root la@- of Old Irish lР±aim, mittere, Greek @Ge@'laСЉnw.
comhal
a joining - an Irish word; See comhailteachd.
comhalta
a foster-brother, Irish cСѓmhalta, Early Irish comalta, Welsh cyfaillt, friend, *kom-altjos, root al, rear, Latin alo. See altrum.
comharradh
a mark, Irish cСѓmhartha, Old Irish comarde; from com and Old Irish airde, signum, Welsh arwydd, Middle Breton argoez, *are-video-; root vid, as in Latin video, here pr@oe-video, etc.
comhart
the bark of a dog; from comh- and art, Old Irish artram, latratus, Welsh cyfarth, arthio, to bark, Old Breton arton. Cf. Irish amhastrach, barking.
cС‚mhdach
clothing, covering, Irish cСЉmhdach, veil, covering, defence, Early Irish comtuch, cumtach, covering, "shrine": *con-ud-tog; root teg, tog, as in tigh, q.v. Cf. cСЉintgim, peto: *com-di-segim.
cС‚mhdaich
allege, prove: *com-atach; See atach?
cС‚mhdhail
a meeting, Irish cСѓmhdhР±il, Early Irish comdР±l: com-+dР±il; See dР±il.
cС‚mhla
together, Irish cСѓmhlР±mh: com-+ lР°mh, "co-hand, at hand". See lР°mh.
cС‚mhla
door, door-leaf, Irish cСѓmhla, Early Irish comla, gen. comlad: *com-la@-, root (p)la@-, fold, groove (cf. Latin sim-plu-s, Old High German zwГ®fal, two-fold); root pal, pel, as in alt, joint.
comhlann
a combat, Irish cСѓmhlann, Early Irish comlann: *com+lann; See lann.
comhluadar
conversation, colloquy, Irish cСѓmhluadar, company, conversation; from luaidh, speak (*com-luad-tro-). See luaidh.
cС‚mhnadh
help, Irish cСЉngnamh, Old Irish congnam, inf. to congniu, I help: com-+(g)nРј, "co-doing". See nРј, do gnРјomh, deed.
cС‚mhnuidh
a dwelling, Irish cСѓmhnuidhe, a tarrying, dwelling, Early Irish comnaide, a waiting, delay, (also irnaide): *com-naide; root nes, nas, dwell; Greek @GnaРЅw, dwell, @GnР№omai, go, @GnaР№tes, inhabitant; Sanskrit nas, join any one.
cС‚mhradh
conversation, Irish cС‚mhradh; com-+ rР°dh; See rР°dh.
cС‚mhrag
a conflict, Irish cСѓmhrac, Early Irish comrac, battle, Old Irish comracc, meeting, Welsh cyfrang, rencounter, *kom-ranko-; root renk, assemble; Lithuanian rРјnkti, assemble, surinkРјmas, assembly.
comhstadh
a borrowing, loan: *com-iasad-; See iasad? Cf. Early Irish costud, consuetudo.
compР°irt
partnership, Irish cСѓmpР±rtas; from com- and pР°irt, q.v.
companach
companion, Irish cСѓmpР±nach, Middle Irish companach; from Early English compainoun, through French, from Late Latin compГўniГґ, "co-bread-man", from pГўnis, bread. Dialectic combach.
comradh
aid, assistance:
comraich
protection, sanctuary, Irish cСѓmairce, comruighe, Early Irish comairche, Middle Irish comairce; from the root arc, defend, as in teasairg, q.v.
comunn
society, company, Irish cumann; from Latin communio, English communion.
con-
with; See comh-.
cona
cat's tail or moss crops (Sh.); See canach. Cf. gonan, grass roots.
conablach
a carcase, so Irish; for con-ablach; See con- and ablach. "Dog's carcase" (Atkinson).
conachag
a conch (M`A.); from the English
concachair
a sick person who neither gets worse nor better (M`A.), uproar (M`F.):
cona-ghaothach
tempest, raging gale (Hend.):
conair
a path, way (Sh., O'Br.), so Irish, Old Irish conar:
conaire
the herb "loose-strife", Irish conair (O'R.); See conas.
conal
love, fruitage (Carm.):
conalach
brandishing ( Sh.; not H.S.D.); cf. the name Conall, *Cuno-valo-s, roots kuno (see curaidh) and val, as in flath, q.v.
conaltradh
conversation, Irish conaltra ( O'R.; Sh.): *con-alt-radh? For alt, See alt, joint.
conas
a wrangle, so Irish (O'R., Sh.); from con-, the stem of cщ, dog: "currushness"?
condrachd, contrachd
mischance, curse, Early Irish contracht; from Latin contractus, a shrinking, contraction.
confhadh
rage, Irish confadh, Middle Irish confad: con+fadh; for fadh, See onfhadh.
cС‚nlan
an assembly, Irish conlР±n. H.S.D. gives as authorities for the Gaelic word "Lh. et C.S.".
conn
sense, so Irish, Early Irish cond: *cos-no-, root kos, kes, as in Gaelic chРј, see; Greek @GkonnР№w, understand, @GkСѓsmos, array ("what is seen"), world. See further under chРЅ for kes. Stokes equates cond with Gothic handngs, wise; but this is merely the English handy. It has been suggested as an ablaut form to ceann, head. Gothic hugs, sense, has also been compared; *cug-s-no- is possible.
connadh
fuel, so Irish, Old Irish condud, Welsh cynnud, Cornish cunys, *kondutu-; rrot kond, kn@.d; Latin candeo, incendo; Greek @GkР±ndaros, coal.
connan
lust:
connlach
straw, stubble, so Irish Old Irish connall, stipula: konnallo-; Latin cannula, canna, a reed, canalis, Greek @GkР±nna, reed. See coinnlein.
connsaich
dispute; See under ionnsaich.
connspair
a disputant: *con-desbair; See deasbair.
connspeach
a wasp, Irish connspeach (Fol.); See speach, wasp.
connspoid
a dispute, Irish conspСѓid; from a Latin *consputatio, for *condisputatio. See deasbud.
connspunn, conspull
cС‚nsmunn, a hero, Irish conspullach, heroic (O'R.):
constabal
the township's bailiff (Heb.); from English constable.
contraigh
neaptide, Old Irish contracht; from Latin contractus, shrinking (Zeuss, Meyer). See condrachd and traogh.
contran
wild angelica, Irish contran (O'R.):
conuiche
a hornet (H.S.D.), cС‚nuich (Arms.), conuibhe, connuibh (M`L., M`A.); used by Stewart in the Bible glosses. Same root as conas.
cop
foam, Middle Irish, Early Irish copp; from Anglo-Saxon, Middle English copp, vertex, top, German kopf, head.
copag
docken, Irish copСѓg, capСѓg; Middle Irish copСѓg. Founded on the English cop, head, head-dress, crest, tuft; Welsh copog, tufted. The same as cop, q.v.
copan
a boss, shield boss, cup; from the Norse koppr, cup, bell-shaped crown of a helmet, English cup.
copar
copper, Irish copar; from the English
cor
state, condition, Irish cor, Old Irish cor, positio, "jactus", *koru-, vb. *koriГґ, I place. See cuir.
cС‚ram
a faction, a set (M`A.); from the English quorum.
corc
a cork, so Irish; from the English
corc
a knife, gully, dirk, Irish corc: *korko-, *qor-qo-, root qor, qer cut; Lithuanian kirwis, axe; Greek @GkР№rma, a chip, @GkeРЅrw, cut. Allied to the root sqer of sgar, q.v.
corc
oats, Irish coirce, Middle Irish corca, Welsh ceirch, Breton kerc'h, *korkjo-. Bezzenberger suggests connect with Lettic kurki, small corn. Possibly for kor-ko-, where kor, ker is the root which appears in Latin Ceres, English cereal, Greek @GkСѓros, satiety, Lithuanian szР№rti, feed. The meaning makes connection with Greek @GkСѓrkoros, pimpernel, doubtful.
corcur
crimson, Irish corcur, scarlet, Old Irish corcur, purple, Welsh porphor; from Latin purpura (English purple).
cС‚rd
a rope, Irish corda; from English cord, Latin corda.
cС‚rd
agree, Irish cord; from obsolete English cord, agree, bring to an agreement, from Latin cord-, the stem of cor, heart, whence English cordial, etc. The Scottish has the part. as cordyt, agreed.
cordaidhe
spasms (Sh.): "twistings", from cС‚rd.
cС‚rlach
bran, refuse of grain (M`D.; O'R has corlach), cС‚rrlach, coarsly ground meal, over-plus. A compound of cС‚rr, "what is over"?
cС‚rn
a drinking horn, Irish, Early Irish corn, Welsh corn, Breton korn, *korno-; Latin cornu; English horn; Greek kР№ras, horn.
cС‚rnuil
retching, violent coughing: *kors-no-? For kors, See carrasan.
coron
a crown, Irish, Early Irish corСѓin, corСѓn, Welsh coron; from Latin corona (English crown).
corp
a body, Irish, Old Irish corp, Welsh corff, Breton korf; from Latin corpus (English corpse, Scottish corp).
corpag
tiptoe (Arms.); seemingly founded on corr of corrag.
corr
a crane, Irish, Early Irish corr, Welsh crychydd, Cornish cherhit, Old Breton corcid, ardea, *korgsГў, korgjo-s; Greek @GkР№rhw, be hoarse, @Gkerhnc, a hawk, Old Slavonic kraguj, sparrow-hawk. Cf. Welsh cregyr, heron, "screamer", from cregu, be hoarse; Anglo-Saxon hrР±gra, German reiher, heron, Greek @GkrРЅzw, @GkrРЅke, screech.
cС‚rr
excess, overplus, Irish corr; Gaelic corr, odd, Irish cor, corr, odd; also Irish corr, snout, corner, point, Early Irish corr, rostrum, corner. The Early Irish corr, rostrum, has been referred by Zimmer and Thurneysen to corr, crane - the name of "beaked" bird doing duty for "beak". The modern meanings of "excess, odd" (cf. odd of English, which really means "point, end") makes the comparison doubtful. Refer it rather to kors-, stick out, point, head; Greek @GkСѓrsc, head; stem keras-; Latin crista, English crest; further is Greek @GkР№ras, horn, Latin cerebrum, Norse hjarsi, crown of the head; and also cС‚rn, horn, q.v. Hence corran, headland.
corra-biod
an attitude of readiness to start; from cС‚rr, point, and biod = biog, start. corra-beaga (M`A.).
corrach
abrupt, steep, Irish, Middle Irish corrach, unsteady, wavering; "on a point", from corr, point, odd?
corra-chagailt
glow-worm-like figures from raked embers, Irish corrchagailt; from cС‚rr, a point, and cagailt.
corradhuil
first effor of an infant to articulate. An onomatopoetic word.
corrag
a forefinger, finger; from cС‚rr, point, etc.
corra-ghriodhach
a heron, crane, Irish corr-ghrian, heron; from cС‚rr, and (Early Irish) grith, a cry, scream, *gr@.tu-, root gar, of goir, q.v.
corran
a sickle, Irish corrР±n, carrР±n, Middle Irish corrР±n, *korso-, root kors, kers, an extension of Indo-European qero, Greek @GkeРЅrw, etc., as in corc, q.v. Cf. Indo-European qerpo, cut, from the same root, which gives Latin carpo, cull, Greek @GkarpСѓs, fruit (English harvest), Lithuanian kerpu, cut, Sanskrit kr@.pana, sword. Gaelic may be from a korpso-, korso-. The Gaelic has also been referred to the root kur, round, as in cruinn, Irish cor, circuit ( O'Cl.).
corran
headland; See cС‚rr.
corran
a spear, barbed arrow (Ossianic Poems); from corr, a point, q.v.
corranach
loud weeping, "coronach", Irish corР±nach, a funeral cry, dirge: co+rР°n-ach, "co-weeping"; See rР°n.
corrghuil
a murmur, chirping (Heb.); See corradhuil.
cС‚rrlach
coarsely ground meal, overplus; See cС‚rlach.
corruich
anger, rage, Irish corruighe, vb. corruighim, stir, shake; from corrach. The striking resemblance to Middle English couroux, Old French couroux (from Latin corruptus), has been remarked by Dr Cameron (Rel.Celt. II, 625).
cС‚rsa
a coast; from the English course. Cf. cС‚rsair, a cruiser.
cor-shРјomain
thraw-crook; from cor or car, q.v., and sРјoman, q.v.
cos
a foot, leg; See cas.
cС‚s
a cave, Irish cuas, topographically Coos, Coose, Middle Irish cuas, a cave, hollow: *cavosto-, from cavo-, hollow; Latin cavus. It is possible to refer it to *coud-to, koudh, hide, Greek @GkeСЉqw, English hide, hut. The Norse kjСѓs, a deep or hollow place, is not allied, but it appears in Lewis in the place-name Keose.
cosanta
industrious; See cosnadh.
cosd
cost, Irish cosdus (n.), Middle Irish costus, Welsh cost; from Old French cost, English cost.
cosgairt
slaughtering; See casgair.
cosgaradh
valuation of the sheep and cattle which a crofter is entitled to; Norse kost-gorГ°, state of affairs (Lewis).
crР°dh
torment, Irish crР±dh, Early Irish crР±d, crР±idim (vb.). Ascoli has compared Old Irish tacrР±th, exacerbatione, which he refers to a stem acrad-, derived from Latin acritas. This will not suit the Р° of crР°dh. Possibly it has arisen from the root ker, cut, hurt (ker, krГў).
crР°-dhearg
blood-red, Early Irish crСѓ-derg; See crС‚.
crag, crac
a fissure; from the English crack.
craicionn
skin, Irish croiceann, Old Irish crocenn, tergus, Cornish crohen, Breton kroc'hen, *krokkenno-, Welsh croen, *krokno- (?) From *krok-kenn: krok is allied to German ru@cken, back, English ridge, Norse hryggr; and kenn is allied to English skin. For it, See boicionn.
craidhneach
a skeleton, a gaunt figure, craidhneag, a dried peat; for root, See creathach, crРјon (*krat-ni-).
crР°igean
a frog, from crР°g, crС‚g, q.v. : "the well-pawed one".
craimhinn
cancer, Irish cnamhuinn; from cnР°mh, q.v.
crР°in
a sow, Irish crР±in, Middle Irish crР±nai (gen. case): *cra@-cnix, "grunter", root qreq, as in Latin cro@-cio, croak, Lithuanian krГµkti, grunt.
crР°iteag
a niggard woman; likely from crР°dh.
crР°lad
torment; from crР°dh-lot, crР°dh and lot, q.v.
cramaist
a crease by folding (Skye):
cramb
a cramp-iron, Irish crampa; from the English
crambadh, crampadh
a quarrel:
crР°laidh
crawl, crawling; from the English
crann
tree, a plough, Irish crann, a tree, lot, Old Irish crann, Welsh and Breton prenn: *qrenn-; cf. Greek @GkrР±non, cornel, Latin cornus, Lithuanian kР№ras, tree stump, Old Prussian kirno, shrub (Bezzenberger). Windisch correlated Latin quernus, oaken, but this form, satisfactory as it is in view of the Welsh, rather stands for quercnus, from quercus, oak.
crannadh
withering, shrivelling, Irish crannda, decrepit; from crann: "running to wood".
crannag
a pulpit, a wooden frame to hold the fir candles, Irish crannСѓg, a hamper or basket, Middle Irish crannoc, a wooden vessel, a wooden structure, especially the "crannogs" in Irish lakes. From crann; the word means many kinds of wooden structures in Gadelic lands.
crannchur
lot, casting lots, Irish crannchar, Old Irish crannchur; from crann and cuiir.
crannlach
the teal, red-breasted merganser; from crann and lach, duck, q.v.
craobh
tree, so Irish, Early Irish crСѓeb, crР±eb, *croib? "the splittable", root krei, kri, separate; as tree of English and its numerous congeners in other languages is from the root der, split; and som other tree words are from roots meaning violence of rending or splitting (klР±dos, twig, e.g.). For root kri, See criathar.
craoiseach
a spear, Early Irish crСѓisech; from craobh?
craoit
a croft; See croit.
craos
a wide, open mouth, gluttony, so Irish, Early Irish crСѓes, crР±es, Old Irish crois, gula, gluttony. Zimmer cfs. Welsh croesan, buffoon. Possibly a Celtic krapesty-, allied to Latin cra@-pula, or to Greek @GkraipР±lc, headache from intoxication.
crasgach
cross-ways, crasg, an across place; for crosg, from cros of crois, a cross, q.v.
crasgach
corpulent (Sh.; H.S.D. for C.S.); from obsolete cras, body (O'Cl.), Irish cras, for *crapso-, *kr@.ps, root kr@.p of Latin corpus?
cratach
back of person, side (Skye): crot?
crath
shake, Irish crathadh, Old Irish crothim, *kr@.to-; perhaps allied to Lithuanian kresti, kraty/i, shake. But it may be allied to crith, q.v. It has been compared to Greek @GkradР±w, brandish, which may be for @GskardР±w, root sker in @GskaРЅrw, spring, German scherz, joke. This would suit Gaelic crith, Welsh cryd and ysgryd.
crРё
clay, Irish, Old Irish crР№, g. criad, Welsh pridd, Cornish, Breton pry. Its relation to Latin crГЄta, which Wharton explains as from crГЄtus, "sifted", from cerno, is doubtful. If cerno be for *crino, Greek @GkrРЅnw, we should have the root kri, krei, separate, as in criathar, and it is not labialised in any language (not qrei). The Celtic phonetics are not easily explained, however. Stokes gives the stem as qreid-, but the modern Gaelic has the peculiar Рё sound which we find in gnРё, cРё. This points to a stem qre@--jГў, root qrГЄ, which is in agreement with Latin crГЄta without doing the violence of supposing crino to give cerno, and this again crГЄtus. Cf. Old Irish clР№, left.
crРё, creubh
body; See creubh.
crРёabag
a ball for playing, fir cone:
creach
plunder, so Irish, Early Irish crech, plundering, hosting; cf. Breton kregi, seize, bite, catch (as fire). From the root ker, cut, ultimately. See corc, knife, and creuchd.
creachag
a cockle, Irish creach, scollop shell ( O'R.); cf. Welsh cragen, a shell, Cornish crogen, Breton krog.
creachan, creachann
bare summit of a hill wanting foliage, a mountain: "bared", from creach?
creachan
pudding mad with a calf's entrails (M`L.):
creadhonadh
a twitching, piercing pain (Heb.); possibly for cneadh-ghonadh, "wound-piercing".
creag
a rock, so Irish; a curtailed form of carraig. Also (Dialectically) craig. Hence English crag.
cradle, from Northern Middle English credil, Scottish creddle, English cradle, Anglo-Saxon cradol. Further derivation at present uncertain (Murray).
creathall
a lamprey:
creatrach
a wilderness, so Irish ( Lh., etc.); M`A. gives the word, but it is clearly Irish Cf. creathach.
creic
sell, Middle Irish creicc, sale, Early Irish creic, buying, Old Irish crenim, I buy, Welsh prynn, buy; Sanskrit krГ®nami (do.). There seems a confusion in Gaelic and Early Irish with the word reic, sell, q.v.
creid
believe, Irish creidim, Old Irish cretim, Welsh credu, Cornish cresy, Breton cridiff, *kreddiГґ, Old Irish cretim, Welsh credu, Cornish cresy, Breton cridiff, *kreddiГґ; Latin cred; Sanskrit Г§rad-dadhГўmi. From cred-dГґ, "I give heart to".
creigeir
a grapple (M`D.); from some derivative of Norse krækja, to hook, krækill, a crooked stick, English crook?
creim, creidhm
gnaw, chew, nibble, Irish creimim, creidhmim, Middle Irish crР№im. Irish is also creinim, Welsh cnithio, cnoi (which also means "gnaw"): from knet, knen, kno@-, ken, bite, scratch, as in cnР°mh, q.v. The n of kn early becomes r because of the m or n after the first vowel.
crein
suffer for (Welsh H.. Allied to the Old Irish crenim, buy: "You will buy for it!" See under creic.
crР№is
grease; from Scottish creische, from Old French craisse, cress, from Latin crass, crassus, thick. English grease is of like origin.
creС‚th
wound, hurt (Dialectic), Irish creo, a wound (O'R.); creonadh, being pained: *krevo- as in crС‚, blood.
creubh, creubhag
crР№, the body; cf. Middle Irish crРЅ, *kreivio-, flesh, body; Gothic hraiva-, Norse hrae, body, Old High German hreГґ, corpse. It is possible to refer crРЅ, crР№ to *krepi-, Latin corpus, Old High German href, Anglo-Saxon hrif, body, English mod-riff. Stokes: crРЅ, kr@.pes.
creubh
dun, crave; from the English crave.
creubhaidh
tender in health; seemingly from creubh.
creuchd
wound, Irish crйachd, Old Irish crйcht, Welsh craith, scar, creithen, Middle Breton creizenn (do.), *crempto-; root kerp, ker, Lithuanian kerpщ, cut, Sanskrit kr@.pana, sword (Strachan). Stokes gives the Celtic as krekto-s, and Bez. cfs. Norse hrekja, worry. This neglects the й of Gadelic.
creud
what, Irish creud, crР№ad, Early Irish crР№t; for ce rР№t. See co and rud.
creud
creed, Irish crР№idh, Middle Irish credo, Welsh credo; from Latin credo, I believe; the first word of the Apostles' Creed in Latin
creutair
creature, Irish crР№atСЉr, Welsh creadwr; from Latin creatura.
criadh
clay, so Irish Really the oblique form of crР№, q.v.
criathar
a sieve, Irish, Old Irish criathar, Old Welsh cruitr, Cornish croider, Middle Breton croezr, *kreitro-; Anglo-Saxon hridder, hriddel, English riddle, German reiter; further Latin crГ®brum (*kri- @Gq??ro-n); root kri, krei, separate, whence Greek @GkrРЅnw, English critic, etc.
criachadh
proposing to oneself; from crРјoch, end. Cf. English de fine, from finis and end, used for "purpose".
cridhe
heart, Irish croidhe, Old Irish cride, Welsh craidd, Breton kreis, middle, *krdjo-n; Greek @GkradРЅa, @GkardРЅa; Latin cor, cordis; English heart, German herz; Lithuanian szirdis.
crРјlein
a small creel ( M`E.), a box, small coffer ( H.S.D.), crilein ( Arms., M`L.), a box, Irish crilРЅn, Early Irish criol, coffer, *krГЄpolo. criol (Arran, Perth). Stokes gives the stem as krГЄpo-, and Bez. adds Sanskrit Г§u@-/rpa, winnowing basket (Cf. for phonetics lРјon, and Sanskrit pГ»rna, full). Scottish, English creel, which appears about 1400, is usually derived hence; but as the Gaelic form itself is doubtful, and, from all appearance, taken from Lh., it is best to look elsewhere for an etymology for creel, as, through French, from Latin craticula. The Gaelic criol exists only in Sh., who found it in Lh. See croidhleag.
crРјoch
end, Irish crРЅoch, Old Irish crРЅch, *krГ®ka,from the root krei, separate, as in criathar, q.v. Stokes and Bezzenberger join Welsh crip, a comb, and compare Lithuanian kreikti, strew, and, for sense, appeal to the German, English strand, "the strewed", Old Slavonic strana, side. It has also been referred to the root of Latin circus, circle, Greek @GkrРЅkos.
criom
nibbling, criomag, a bit; See creim.
crРјon
little, withered, Irish crРЅon, Early Irish crРЅn, Welsh crin, fragile, dry, Breton krin, *kre@-no-s; the root kre@- appears to belong to root ke@-r, kera, destroy, Sanskrit Г§r@.n@.a@-/mi, break, rend, Latin caries, decay, Greek @Ga@'kc/ratos, pure, untouched, Gothic hairus, sword. Stokes allies it to Sanskrit Г§rГўn@.a, cooked, Г§rГў, cook, possibly a form of the root kera, mix, Greek @GkР№ramai, mix.
crioncanachd
a strife, quarrelsomeness, Irish crРЅoncР±nachd: an Irish word from Lh., apparently. Perhaps crРЅon-cР±n, "small reviling".
crionna
attentive to small things, prudent, so Irish (crРЅonna, Con.); also dialectic crРјonda, which shows its connection with crРјon. Cf. Welsh crintach, sordid.
criopag
a wrinkle, Irish criopСѓg; founded on English crimp, crumple. M`A. has criopag, a clew of yarn.
crios
a belt, girdle, so Irish, Old Irish criss, fo-chridigedar, accingat, Welsh crys, shirt, Early Welsh crys, belt, Middle Breton crisaff, succingere, Breton kreis, middle. Bez. suggests comparison with Lithuanian skrituly/s, circle, knee-cap, skreiste@?, mantle. It has been referred also to the root krid of cridhe, heart.
CrРјosdaidh
a Christian, Irish Criosduighe, Middle Irish cristaige; from the Gaelic CrРјosd, Irish CrРЅosda, Christ; from Latin Christus, Greek @GHriostСѓs, the Anointed One.
criostal
a crystal, so Ir; from the English
criot
an earthen vessel (Dialect, H.S.D.), Irish criotamhail, earthen, made of clay ( O'Br.), criot, an earthen vessel ( O'R.):
criotaich
caress; See cniadaich.
criplich
a cripple; from the English cripple.
crith
shake, quiver, Irish, Early Irish crith, Welsh cryd, Old Welsh crit, *kritu-; Anglo-Saxon hriГ°a, fever, German ritten, fever. See crath, to which crith has been suggested as cognate (root kr@.t, krot, kret.
critheann, critheach
the aspen tree, Irish crann-critheach; from crith.
crС‚
a sheep cot, pen, Irish crСѓ, Middle Irish crСѓ caerach, ovile, crС‚ na muice, pig-stye, Welsh craw, hovel, pig-stye, Breton kraou, crou, stable, *krГўpo-s, a stye, roof; Anglo-Saxon hrСѓf, English roof, Norse hrСѓf, a shed (Stokes). The Norse krСѓ, small pen, Scottish croo, seem borrowed.
crС‚.1
the eye of a needle, Irish, Early Irish crу, Welsh crau, Middle Breton cräo, Breton kraouenn.
++crС‚
blood, Early Irish crСѓ, crСЉ, Welsh crau, Cornish crow, *krovo-s; Latin cruor, gore; Lithuanian kraСЉjas, blood; Sanskrit kravis, raw flesh; Greek @GkrР№as, flesh; English raw.
++crС‚.1
death, Irish, Early Irish crСѓ. From the same origin as crС‚, blood. This is the Scottish cro, the weregild of the various individuals in the Scoto-Celtic Kingdom, from the king downwards.
crС‚c
beat, pound (Dialectic, H.S.D.):
crС‚c
a branch of a deer's horn; cf. Norse krСѓkr, English crook.
crС‚can
a crook; from the Norse krСѓkr, English crook.
croch
hang, Irish crochaim, croch, a cross, gallows, Early Irish croch, cross, Welsh crog; from the Latin crux, crucis.
crС‚ch
saffron, Irish crСѓch; from Latin crocus, from Greek @GkrСѓkos, crocus, and its product saffron.
crodh
cattle, Irish crodh, a dowry, cattle, Middle Irish crod, wealth (cattle): *krodo-, Indo-European qordh, qerdh; English herd, German herde; Lithuanian kerdz@?us, herd (man), Church Slavonic creda, a herd; Sanskrit Г§ardhas, a troop.
crС‚dha
valiant, Irish crСѓdha, Early Irish crСѓda, valiant, cruel, *croudavo-s, "hardy"; root croud of cruaidh, q.v.
crodhan
hoof, parted hoof, Irish crobhР±n, a little hoof or paw, See crubh.
crog
an earthen vessel, crogan, a pitcher, Irish crogР±n, pitcher, Early Irish crocann, olla, Welsh crochan, *krokko-; Greek @GkrwssСѓs, pitcher ( @G*krwkjos); to which are allied, by borrowing somehow, English crock, Anglo-Saxon crocca, Norse krukka, German krug. Gaelic and Welsh phonetics (Gaelic g = Welsh ch.) are unsatisfactory. Schrader derives these words from Old Irish crocenn, skin - a "skin" vessel being the original.
crog
an aged ewe; from the Scottish crock; cf. Norw. krake, a sickly beast, Fries. krakke, broken-down horse, etc.
crС‚g
large hand, hand in paw form, *crobhag, Irish crobh, hand from wrist to fingers, paw, hoof, Old Irish crob, hand. See crubh.
crogaid
a beast with small horns (M`A.); from crog?
crogan
a gnarled tree (Arg.); cf. crС‚can.
crС‚gan
thornbush (Arg.), from crС‚g, Welsh crafanc, claw.
crС‚ic
foam on spirits, rage, difficulty, cast sea-weed:
croich
gallows, Irish croch, gallows, cross, Early Irish croch, cross, Welsh crogbren, gallows; from Latin crux, crucis.
crС‚id
a sumptuous present (Heb.); See cnС‚id.
crС‚idh
pen cattle, house corn; from crС‚. Dialectic for latter meaning is crСѓdhadh.
croidhleag
a basket, amall creel; See crРјlein.
crС‚ilean
a little fold, a group; from crС‚.
crois
a cross, so Irish, Early Irish cross, Welsh croes; from Latin crux.
croistara, cranntara
also -tР°ra, -tarra, the fiery cross: crois+tara; See crois above. As to tara, cf. the Norse tara, war (Cam.).
croit
a hump, hillock, Irish croit, Welsh crwth, a hunch, harp, croth, a protuberant part (as calf of leg), *crotti-; from krot, kurt, root kur, round, as in cruinn, cruit, q.v.
croit
a croft; from the English croft. In the sense of "vulva", cf. Welsh croth, Breton courz, which Stokes refers to cruit, harp; but the Gaelic may be simply a metaphorical use of croit, croft.
crС‚lot
wound dangerously; crС‚+ lot, q.v.
crС‚m
bent, Irish Early Irish crom, Old Irish cromm, Welsh crwm, Breton krom, Old Breton crum, krumbo-; from the same root as cruinn? The Anglo-Saxon crumb, crooked, English crumple, German krumm, have been compared, and borrowing alleged, some holding that the Teutons borrowed from the Celts, and vice versa. Dr Stokes holds that the Celts are the borrowers. The Teutonic and Celtic words do not seem to be connected at all in reality. It is an accidental coincidence, which is bound to happen sometimes, and the wonder is it does not happen oftener.
cromadh
measure the length of the middle finger, Irish cruma, cromadh; from crom.
croman
kite, hawk, from crom.
cron
fault, harm, Irish cronaim, I bewitch; cf. Middle Irish cron, rebuking. The idea is that of being "fore-spoken" by witchcraft. See cronaich.
crС‚nan
a dirge, croon, purring, Irish, Early Irish cronР±n. O'Curry (Mann. and Cust. III., 246) writes the Irish as crСѓnР±n, and defines it as the low murmuring or chorus to each verse of the aidbsi or choral singing. Scottish croon, croyn (15th century), corresponds to Dutch kreunen, groan, Middle Dutch krГ¶non, lament, Middle Low German kronen, growl, Old High German chrГґnan, Middle Low German kroenen, chatter (Murray, who thinks the Scottish came from Low German in Middle English period). It seems clear that the Gadelic and Teutonic are related to each other by borrowing; seemingly the Gadelic is borrowed.
cropan
deformed person (Suth.); from Norse kroppinn, deformed. See under crщb.
crosach
crossing, thwarting, Irish crosanta; also Gaelic crosan (and crostan), a peevish man; all from cros, the basis of crois, cross, q.v.
crosanachd
from crosan, poet, chorister.
crosda
perverse, irascible, so Irish; from the Gaelic base cros of crois, cross.
crotal
lichen, especially for dyeing, cudbear: *crottal; *crot-to-, from krot, cf. Greek @Gkrotw/nc, an excrescence on a tree. Hence Scottish crottle. Middle Irish crotal means "husk" (which may be Gaelic crotal above), "kernel, cymbal". In the last two senses the word is from the Latin crotalum, a rattle; the Irish used a small pear-shaped bell or rattle, whence the Irish English crotal (Murray).
cruach
a pile, heap, Irish, Early Irish cruach, Welsh crug, Cornish cruc, Old Breton cruc, *kroukГў; Lithuanian krР±uti, to pile, krСЉvi, heap; Norse krСЉga, heap. Others have compared the Norse hraukr, a small stack, Anglo-Saxon hreР±c, English rick.
cruachan, cruachainn
hip, upper part of the hip, Early Irish cruachait; from cruach, heap, hump. Stokes translates the Irish as "chine", and considers it like the corresponding German kreuz, derived from Latin crГ»cem, cross. The Gaelic meaning is distinctly against this.
cruaidh
hard, Irish cruaidh, Old Irish cruaid, *kroudi-s; root kreva, to be blood, raw, whence crС‚, blood, q.v.; Latin crГ»dus, English crude. Hence cruailinn, hard, rocky.
crщb
squat, crouch, Irish crъbadh, to bend, crook; also Gaelic crщbach, cripple, Irish do. ; from Norse krjъpa, to creep, kneel (English creep, etc.), kroppinn, crippled, root kreup, krup, as in English cripple, Scottish cruppen thegether, contracted, bowed. Cf. Welsh crwb, bent.
crщb
bed recess (Carm.):
crщban
the crab-fish, Irish crъban, Welsh crwban. From crщb above.
crubh
a horse's hoof, Irish crobh, paw, hoof, Early Irish crщ, *kruvo-, hoof; Zend çrva, çruva, nail, horn; further Greek @Gkйras, horn, and cтrn, q.v. (Stokes).
crudha
horse shoe, Irish crСЉdh: seemingly from crubh.
cruinn
round, so Irish, Old Irish cruind, Welsh crwn, Breton krenn, *krundi-s; root kuro-, circle, turn, as in car, q.v. Cf. Latin curvus; Greek @GkurtСѓs, bunt, @Gkorw/nc, ring, Latin corona, English crown. Bezzenberger cfs. the form crundi- from kur to Latin rotundus from rota.
crщisgein
a lamp, jug, Irish crСЉisgРЅn; from Middle English cruskyn, from Old French creusequin, from Teutonic krГ»s, whence English cruse.
crщisle, crщidse
mausoleum, hollow vault of a church; from Middle English cruddes, vault, crypt, crowd, by-form of English crypt.
cruit
a harp, so Irish, Old Irish crot, Welsh crwth, fidicula, Late Latin (600 A.D.) chrotta, *krotta: krot-ta-, from krot, kurt, root kur, as in Gaelic cruinn, round, q.v., Greek @GkurtСѓs (do.): "the curved instrument". Stokes refers it to the root krot, strike, as in Greek @GkrotР№w, rattle, clap. Hence English crowd.
cruithneachd, cruineachd
wheat, Irish cruithneachd, Old Irish cruithnecht: *kr@.t-on-, root kert, ker, cut, "that which is cut"; Lithuanian kertщ, cut; Greek @Gkeнrw, Latin curtus, etc. (Rhys). It has been compared to the Latin Ceres, English cereal, and Latin cresco, creo, as in cruth.
crщlaist
a rocky hill (H.S.D., from MSS.); from cruaidh? Cf. cruailinn.
crumag
the plant skirret; Scottish crummock. From Gaelic crom (Cameron).
cruman
the hip bone, Irish crumР±n, hip bone, crooked surgical instrument; from crom.
crщn
crown, Irish crСЉn; from Middle English crune, from Old French coronne, from Latin corona.
crunnluadh
a quick measure in pipe music: cruinn+ luath.
crup
crouch, contract, Irish crupaim; founded on the Middle English cruppel, cripple, a root crup, appearing in Scottish cruppen, contracted. See crщbach.
crщsbal
crucible (Hend.).
cruscladh
wrinkling:
cruth
form, figure, Old Irish cruth, Welsh pryd, *qr@.tu-s, root qer, make; Latin cerus, creator, creo, English create; Lithuanian kuriщ, build; Sanskrit kar, make, kr@.tas, made.
cruthach
placenta of mare:
cщ
a dog, Irish, Old Irish cСЉ, g. con, Welsh ci, pl. cwn, Cornish, Breton ki, pl. Breton koun, *kuГґ, g. *kunos; Greek @GkСЉwn; Latin canis; English hound; Sanskrit Г§vГў, g. Г§СЉnas.
cuach
a cup, bowl, Irish cuachСѓg, Old Irish cСЉach: Latin caucus, Greek @Gkau@nka; Sanskrit koГ§a. It is generally held that cuach is borrowed from the Latin, though phonetically they may be cognate. Thw Welsh cawg is certainly borrowed.
cuach
curl, so Irish; from the above.
cuag
an awkward curve, kink, an excrescence on the heel; also guag (Dialectic): *kouggГў, *kouk-gГў; root qeuq, bend; Sanskrit kuc, bend. Lithuanian kuku, hook?
cu'ag, cubhag
cuckoo, Irish cuach, Old Irish cСЉach, Welsh cГґg, of onomatopoetic origin - from the cuckoo's cry of kuku, whence English cuckoo, Latin cucГ»lus, Greek @GkСѓkkux, Sanskrit kГґkilas, koka.
cuailean
the hair, a lock, curl, Irish cuailen (Stokes). This Stokes refers to a stem *koglenno-, and cfs. Greek @GkСѓhlos, a spiral-shelled shell-fish, @GkohlРЅas, spiral-shelled snail, Latin cochlea. As the Greek may be for hСѓhlos, the derivation is uncertain. Irish cuailРЅn, a bundle, faggot, suggests that a similar derivation from cual was used metaphorically for a "bundle or cord of hair".
cuaille
a club, bludgeon, Irish, Early Irish cuaille, *kaullio-; Greek @GkaulСѓs, stalk; Latin caulis, stalk; Lithuanian kР±ulas, a bone (Stokes). It may, however, be for *coud-s-lio-, from qoud, Latin cГ»do, strike.
cuairsg
roll, wreathe, so Irish; from cuairt, with the termination -sqГґ.
cuairt
circuit, so Irish, Old Irish cСЉairt. Stokes gives the stem as kukr@.ti, from kur, circle, as in cruinn.
cual
a faggot, burden of sticks, Irish cual, Middle Irish cual, heap, *kuglo-, root kug, qeu@g; English heap; Latin cumulus (=cub-lus?); Lithuanian kСЉgis, heap.
cuallach
herding or tending cattle:
cuallach
society, family, Irish cuallaidheachd, society, cuallaidhe, a companion:
cuan
the ocean, Irish, Middle Irish cuan, harbour, copno-; Norse kГ¶fn, German hafen, English haven.
cuanal, cuantal
a company, a band of singers, flocks (Carm.), Early Irish cСЉan, host, *koupn-, Lithuanian kupa, heap, English heap(?).
cuanna, cuannar
handsome, fine, Irish cuanna; also cuanta, robust, neat: *kaun-navos, from kaun, skaun; German schГ¶n.
++cuar
crooked, Irish cuar, Early Irish cСЉar, *kukro-, root kuc, bend; Sanskrit kucati, bend, Lithuanian kuku@?, hook (Strachan). But cf. cuairt.
cuaradh
paining, tormenting; cf. Welsh cur, pain, care, curio, beat. The Dictionaries refer the word to ciщrr, as a Dialectic form.
cuaran
a brogue, sock, Irish cuarСѓg, Middle Irish cСЉarР±n, Welsh curan, a covering for the foot and leg *kourano-, "mocassin": *keu-ro-; root keu, ku, as in Latin cu-tis, skin, English hide, Anglo-Saxon hy/d (*kГ»tРЅ-).
cuartach
a fever (Arg.); from cuairt.
cuartag
ringworm (Hend.):
cuas
a cave; See cС‚s.
ciat
sweetheart (Carm.):
cщb
a tumbril, box-cart; from Scottish coop, coup, box-cart, etc., probably the same as English coop, basket. Dialectic coba.
cщbaid
pulipt; ultimately from Latin pulpitum, a speaking platform, whence English pulpit, Scottish poopit. Dialectic bщbaid.
cщbair
a cooper; from the English
cubhag
cuckoo; See cu'ag.
cubhaidh
fit, so Irish, Old Irish cobaid, fit, cubaithiu, concinnior: *convedo-, "suiting"; root ved, bind, as in feadhainn.
cщbhraidh
fragrant, Irish cumhra, cСЉmhra, Middle Irish cumra, cumrae, Early Irish cumrai (i n-aballgort chumrai); *com-rae:
cubhraig, cubhrainn
a coverlet; founded on the English cover, coverlet. Dialectic cuibhlig.
cuchailte
a residence (Arms.; not H.S.D.), Irish, cuclaidhe; *concladh-; from cladh, q.v.
cudaig
the fish cuddy, young of the coalfish, Irish cudСѓg, cСѓdog, haddock, *cod-do-; English haddock? Scottish cuddy, cudden, may be of Gaelic origin (Murray). A.so cudainn.
cщdainn
a large bushel or tub; cf. Norse kСЉtr, cask, Scottish coodie, quiddie, small tub. Middle Irish cuidin, coithin, catГ®nus, is probably from a Celt. kotГ®no-, Greek @GkotСЉlc, cup, Latin catГ®nus, a dep vessel.
cudrom, cudthrom
weight: *con-trom-, "co-heavy"; Old Irish cutrumme, similis. See trom. Dialectic cuideam.
cugann
delicacy, "kitchen", Early Irish cuicen; from Latin coquina.
cugan
food (Carm.):
cugar
mab, or wild cat (Carm.):
cugullach
precarious, unstable (Carm.):
cuibheas
sufficiency:
cuibheasach
tolerable, middling, Irish cuibheasach, decent, pretty good, fairly good (in health), cuibheas, decency, cuibhe, decent. See cubhaidh for stem. The Irish cuibhe shows that it is possible to derive the word from *con-vesu-, root vesu of feabhas.
cuibhreach
a bond, chain, so Irish, Old Ir cuimrech, vb. conriug, ligo, Welsh rhwym, vinculum, Breton rum, kevre, *kom-rigo-n; rigo-, a bond; Latin corrigia, shoe-lace; Middle High German ric, band, string. Stokes (rightly) now gives root is rek, bind, Sanskrit raГ§ana, cord, rope, raГ§mi (do.).
cuibhrig
cover, coverlet; See cubhraig.
cuibhrionn
portion, so Irish, Early Irish cuibrend, Welsh cyfran: *com-rann; See rann.
cuicheineach
coquetting, secretly hobnobbing (Arg.): co-ceann.
cuid
share, part, Irish cuid, g. coda, Old Irish cuit, Welsh peth, res, pars, Cornish peth, Breton pez, *qezdi-, *qozdi-; qes, qos, seemingly from the pron. root qo, qe (see co). Cf. Latin quotidie, quota, Breton ped, how much. Bezzenberger compares Lithuanian kede@?ti, burst, Slavonic ce@?sti, part; root qed. Hence English piece. Some have suggested comparison with Latin costa, rib, English coast.
cuideachd
company, Irish cuideachda, Old Irish cotecht, coitio, conventus: *con-techt; See teachd.
cuideag
a spider ( H.S.D.), Irish cuideog ( O'R.):
cuideal
pride ( Arms.), cuidealas ( M`A.); from cuid?
cuideam
weight; See cudrom.
cuidh, cuith
inclosure (Barra); from Norse kuР№, Orkney quoy, a pen, Orkney and Shetland quey, quay, enclosed land.
cuidhe
wreath of snow; See cuith.
cuidhtich
quit, requite, Irish cСЉitighim; from English quit?
cuidich
assist, Irish cuidighim, Middle Irish cuitigim, share; from cuid.
cuidridh
common ( Sh.; not H.S.D.), Irish cuidri(dh), entertainment, commons: *con-trebi-, as in caidreabh?
cuifein
the wadding of a gun; from Scottish colfin.
cuigeal
a distaff, so Irish, Middle Irish cuigel, Welsh cogail, Cornish cigel, Breton kegel; from Middle Latin conucula, for colucula, from colus. From Latin conucula comes German kunkel, French quenouille.
cщil
corner, recess, Irish cъil, Old Irish cuil, Welsh cil, *kûli-. See cщl
cuilbheart
a wile, trick; from cщil+ beart.
cuilbheir
a gun; from the English culverin.
cuilc
reed, cane, Irish cuilc, *kolki-; root kol, as in Latin culmus, stalk, Greek @GkР±lamos, reed, English haulm.
cuile
an apartment where stores are kept, Old Irish cuile fРЅnda, vinaria, *koliГў; Greek @GkalРЅa, hut, Sanskrit kula@-/ya, hut, nest (Stokes); from *kol-io-, root qel of ceil.
cuileag
a fly, Irish and Early Irish cuil, Welsh cylion, flies, Cornish kelionen, Breton quelyenen, *kuli-s, kuliГўno-s; Latin culex.
cщileagan
feast (in a corner) (Carm.).
cuilean
a whelp, Irish cuileбn (O'Br.), cuileann (O'R.), Early Irish culйn, Welsh colwyn, Cornish coloin, catulus, Breton kolenn, young of quadrupeds; Greek @Gkъlla= @Gskъlaz, whelp (Bez.). It may be from cщ, *kun, dog. Ernault, *culenos: root of @Gkъos; Middle Breton colen, so D'Arbois. Rhys says Welsh borrowed.
cuilidh
cellar, secret place, treasury; See cuile.
cuilionn
holly, so Irish, Early Irish cuilenn, Welsh celyn, Cornish celin, Breton kelenn (pl.), *kolenno-; English holly, Anglo-Saxon holegn
cuilm
a feast; Dialectic for cuirm, q.v.
cuimein
the plant cumin, Irish cumРЅn; from Latin cuminum, English cumin.
cuimhne
rememberance, so Irish, Old Irish cuman, cuimnech, memor, Welsh cof, Cornish cov, Middle Breton couff, *co-men; root men, as in Latin memini, I remember, English mention, mind, etc.
cuimir
brief, handsome, so Irish, Early Irish cumbair, *com-berro-; for berr, see beР°rr.
cuimrig
trouble; See coimrig.
cuimse
a mark, aim, moderation, Irish cuimse; from com-+ meas; See meas. Cf. eirmis.
cuin
when, Early Irish cuin, Welsh, Breton pan; Latin quum; English when; See co. The Irish can ( O'Cl.) is allied to Latin quando, and more nearly than cuin to Welsh, Breton pan.
cuing
a yoke, Irish, Early Irish cuing: *con-jungi-, root jung, jug, as in Latin jungo, English joke. For phonetics, See cuinge Stokes since gives the stem as ko-jungi-.
cuinge
narrowness, Old Irish cumce; See cumhang.
cщinn
coin; from the English
cuinneag
a pail, milk pail, Irish cuinneСѓg, Middle Irish cuindeog, Welsh cunnog, cynnog; cf. Latin congius, a quart.
cuinnean
a nostril:
cuinnlein
a stalk of corn, a nostril; for the first meaning, See connlach; for the second, cuinnean above.
cuinnse
a quince; from the English
cuinnsear
a dagger, sword; from the English whinger.
cuip
a whip; from English whip.
cuir
put, Irish, Early Irish cuirim, Old Irish cuiriur, Welsh hebgor, put aside, *koriГґ, I put. The root is likely ker, kor, of cruth, q.v. For meaning cf. Latin facio and Greek @GtРЅqcmi. Bezzenberger compares it to Sanskrit kalР±yati, drive, bear, do, Lithuanian karta, position, lie.
cuircinn
a particular kind of head-dress for women, Irish cuircРЅn, head, crest, comb (O'R.); from currachd? Scottish courche, curges (pl.), a covering for a woman's head, English kerchief. Early Irish cuirce, bow, knot; which makes the Scottish and English comparison doubtful.
cuireadh
an invitation, so Irish; from cuir, q.v.
cuireall
a kind of pack-saddle (H.S.D. from MSS.):
cuireid, cuirein
turn, wile; from car, q.v.
cuirinnein
the white water-lily ( H.S.D., which quotes only O'R.), Irish cuirinРЅn (O'R.):
cuirm
a feast, so Irish, Early Irish coirm, cuirm, Middle Welsh cwrwf, Welsh cwrw, beer, Cornish coref, Gaulish @Gkou@nrmi, cervisia *kurmen; Latin cremor, broth (English cream; Greek @GkerР±nnumi, mix; Sanskrit Г§rГў, Г§r@., cook; Indo-European kera, kra, mix.
cuirnean
a small heap of stones, dew-drop, ringlet, Irish cuirneР±n, head of a pin, brooch, ringlet. In the first sense, it is from cР±rn, and possibly also in the other two senses, the idea being "cluster, heap".
cuirpidh
wicked, corrupt; See coirbte, coirb.
cщirt
court, Irish cСЉirt; from the English
cщirtein
a curtain, cщirteir, plaiding (Dialectic); formed on English curtain.
cщis
cause, matter, Irish, Early Irish cСЉis, Old Irish cСѓis; from Latin causa.
cuisdeag
the little finger (Sh., H.S.D.), Irish cuisdeog (O'R.):
cuiseag
a stalk, kind of grass, Irish coisРЅn, a stem, stalk, little foot; from cas, foot. But See cuisle. di fetchoisig, "by piping".
cuisle
pulse, vein, pipe, Irish cuisle, Early Irish cuisli, g.pl. cuislend, a pipe for music, Old Irish cusle, g. cuslen, cuislennach, a piper. It has no connection with Latin pulsus, and its etymology is obscure (Stokes). Cf. English hose.
cuiste
a couch, Irish cСЉiste, cuiste (O'Br.); from English couch.
cuith
a wreath of snow, a pit, Irish, Early Irish cuithe, a pit, Welsh pydew; from Latin puteus, English pit.
cuithe
pen for sheep (Carm.); See cuidh.
cщitich
quit, requite; See cuidhtich.
cщl
back, Irish, Old Irish cъl, Welsh cil, Cornish chil, Breton kil, *kûlo; Latin cûlus. Hence cщlaist, recess.
culadh
a good condition of the body, culach, fat, sleek: "well-covered", from cul of culaidh?
culaidh
apparel, so Irish; root qel, qol, cover; German hГјlle, a covering, Latin occulo. See ceil.
culaidh
boat (Suth.):
cщlag
turf for the back of the fire, sitting behind another on horseback, a collop; all from cщl.
cщlan
tresses, hair; from cщl.
cщlaobh
behind, the back; Early Irish cъlaib (dat.pl.), cъlu (acc.pl.); from cщl. The dat. (and acc.) pl. of cщl used locatively - for rest (and motion). Compare beulaobh.
cularan
a cucumber, Irish cularР±n, Welsh cylor, earth nuts, Breton coloren, earth nut. Ernault makes the Celtic word to be *carul-an-, and compares Greek @GkР±rnon, nut.
cullach
a boar, Irish, Early Irish cullach, Old Irish callach, cullach, caullach, Breton kalloc'h, "entire", qellecq, epithet for stallions and boars, *kalluГўko-s, from *kalljo-, testicle, Welsh caill, testiculus, Middle Breton quell; root kal, hard, as in clach, q.v., Norse hella, flat stone, etc. (Bezzenberger). Cf. Latin cuelleus, bag, scrotum, whence Old French couillon, English cullion, testicles, Scottish culls. Hence cullbhoc, wether-goat, Irish culbhoc.
cullachas
impotence, cullach, eunuch; from coll, call; See call.
culraoРјnidh
goal-keeper (Suth.); from cщl and raon?
culuran
birth-wort, cucumber; See cularan.
cum
keep, hold, Irish congbhaighim, inf. congmhail, Old Irish congabin; from con- and gabh, take. The Gaelic cum is for congv or congbh, and the gv becomes m as in Рјm, ciomach, tum, etc.
cuma, cumadh
shape, form, Irish cuma, Early Irish cumma, vb. cummaim:
cumail
keeping, Irish cumail, congmhail; inf.to cum, i.e., cum-gabhail. cuman, a milking pail; Greek @GkСЉmbc, @GkСЉmbos, cup; German humpen, bowl.
cumanta
common, Irish cumann; from the English common.
cumha
mourning, so Irish, Early Irish cuma: Indo-European root qem, qom; English hum, German hummen.
cumha
a stipulation, Irish cumha, Early Irish coma, bribe, gift, condition: *com-ajo-, "co-saying", Old Irish Р±i, a saying, Latin ajo? See adhan. Cf. cunnradh.
cumhachd
power, so Irish, Old Irish cumachte, Welsh cyfoeth, power, riches, *kom-akto, root ag, drive, carry, Latin ago, Greek @Ga@'/gw, English act, etc. (Stokes). The Old Irish cumang, potestas, is doubtless a nasalised form of the root ag (=ang); it has been referred to the root ang, Latin angere, etc., as in cumhang below, but the meaning is unsatisfactory. The word cumhachd has also been analysed as co-mag-tu-, where mag has been bariously referred to Indo-European meg, great (Gaelic @GmР№gas, English much), or Indo-European me@-gh (English may, Latin machina, machine).
cumhang
narrow, Irish cСЉmhang, Old Irish cumang, Welsh cyfang, *kom-ango-s; root ang; Greek @Ga@'\gw, choke, @Ga@'/ghi, near; Latin ango, angustus; German eng.
cщmhlaidean
stipulations (Hend.):
cщmhnant
covenant; from Middle English, Scottish conand, couenant, English covenant, from Old French convenant, Latin convenire. Middle Breton has comanant, Welsh cyfammod. Dial. plurals are cщmhlaichean and cщmhlaidean.
cumraich
cumber; from the English
cunbhalach
constant, steady, Irish cungbhailteach, firm, miserly; from cungbhail, keeping, Irish inf. of cum, q.v.
cungaidh
instrument, accoutrements: *con-gen-, root gen of gnРјomh, deed. See cungaisich.
cungaisich
help, co-operate, Irish cunghas, co-operation, vb. cungnaighim, I help, cungantach, helpful, Early Irish cungnam, assistance: *con+gnРЅom; See cС‚mhnadh.
cunnradh, cщnradh
bargain, covenant, Irish connradh, cunnradh, Old Irish cundrad, cunnrath, Manx coonrey: *con-rР±dh; See rР°dh, say. Corm. derives from rР±th, surety.
cunnt
count, Irish cunntas, cuntas, reckoning, cuntaim, I count; from the English
cunnuil
an objection ( Sh.), Irish cunuil ( Lh.):
cщp
box-cart, coup; See cщb.
cupa
a cup, Irish cСЉpР±n, Welsh cib; from Latin cГ»pa, tub, English cup, coop, etc.
cupull
a couple, Irish cСЉpla, cupall, Welsh cwpl; from Middle English couple.
cur
a placing, setting; inf. to cuir, q.v.
curach
a boat, coracle, Irish, Early Irish curach, Irish Latin curucis, dat.pl. (Adamnan), Welsh corwc, cwrwg, cwrwgl, *kuruko- (Stokes); Armen. kur, a boat, Old Slavonic korici, a kind of vessel. The Latin carina has been compared, but the vowels are unsuitable. Hence English coracle.
cщradh
affliction, obstacle, curabh (Lh.), obstacle. In the sense of affliction, cf. cuaradh.
curaideach
frisky, cunning; See cuireid.
curaidh
a champion, Irish curadh, Early Irish cur, g. curad, caur, Welsh cawr, Cornish caur, gigas, Gaulish @GKaСЉaros (Polyb.), Cavarillus, etc., *kauaro-s, a hero, mighty, root keva, kГ», be strong; Sanskrit Г§avГ®ra, mighty, Г§u@-/ra, hero; Greek @GkСЉrios, lord, @Gku@nros, might.
cщraing, cщrainn
a coverlet (Dialectic, H.S.D.); founded on English covering. M`A. has cщrainn, plaiding (felt); of the same origin.
cщram
care, Irish cСЉram; from Latin cura.
curcag
sandpiper, Middle Irish cuirrcech, plover; from currech, a marsh (K. Meyer). See curcais.
curcais
bulrush, so Irish (O'Br., etc.), Early Irish curcas, Old Irish curchas, Old Welsh cors, cannulos, Welsh corsen, reed, Breton corsenn, reed, *korokasto-, korkasto; Latin cГўrex (Stokes, Ernault). The Early Irish currech, a marsh, is allied, *gr@.siko-, Gaulish *parriko-, Anglo-Saxon pearroc, Greek parc (St.), Latin cursus. Perhaps English hurst (St.).
curracag
a bubble on the surface of liquids; See currachd.
currachd
hood, cap, night-cap, Irish currach (O'R.), Middle Irish curracach, cuculatus (Stokes, Irish Gl. 598, who suggested connection with Welsh pyrchwyn, crest of a helmet). Scottish curch, courchie, English kerchief, seem to be the origin of the Gaelic word.
currachdag
peat-heap (M`A.); cf. gurracag.
curradh
a crowding together (Macpherson's Ossian):
curran, curral
a carrot, root, radish, Irish currР±n, any kind of tap-rooted plant ( O'R., Sh.): *cors, head, as in corr? Cf. English carrot, ultimately from Greek @GkarwtСѓn, carrot, from @GkР±ra, head, top; *cors and kar of @GkР±ra are ultimately from the same source.
curran, curral
horse-panniers for heavy loads; cf. Scottish currack, corrack (do.), English crooks.
currucadh
cooing of pigeons, Irish currСЉcadh (O'R.), Scottish, English curr, curring. The word is onomatopoetic.
currucag
the lapwing: See curcag.
currusan
a milk-pail:
cщrsa
course, manner, Irish cСЉrsa, from the English course.
curta
bad ( Sh.; not H.S.D.), curtsa ( O'R.); from English curst, cursed.
cus
sufficiency, overplus:
cusag
a wild mustard ( Sh., Arms.; not H.S.D.):
cusp
a kibe:
cuspair
an object, mark, Irish cuspСѓir, Middle Irish cuspСѓir (Keat., Oss.@+3 296). Dialectic cuspair, a customer (see cuspunn).
cuspunn
custom, tribute, also cusmunn; founded on English custom.
cut
hank of yarn, Irish cuta, one-twelfth of a hank of yarn; from English cut.
cut
to gut (fish); from English gut.
cutach
bobtailed, so Irish, Early Irish do-chotta, they cut short, Welsh cwta. The relationship, if any, existing between cut, cutach, and English cut, is one of borrowing; the history of English cut is obscure, and the Celtic words mean "short, shorten", not "to cut" with a knife. Besides, the Early Irish appears a century and a half earler than the English (1139 v. 1275). Stokes has suggested a borrowing from French couteau (= cultellus, knife) for the Early Irish form. Rhys says Welsh is English cutty, borrowed.