Фракийская лексика
Фракийский словарный фонд:
словарь языка фракийцев, лексика фракийского, слова гетов и даков
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Фракийско-английский словарь
Здесь приведён список из 180 реконструированных
фракийских
слов, который будет пополняться из указанных в конце страницы источников.
achel-:
'вода; водный, водяной' [Лит. Н Akele, Phryg. Akala "вода"];
‘water (noun), water (adj.)’ [Lith. H AkElE , Phryg. akala ‘water’].
aiz-:
'козёл' ;
‘a goat’ [Armen. aic, Greek aix].
ala:
'течение, поток' ;
‘current, stream’ [Latv. H Alaja, Lith. alE'ti ‘flooded’].
alta(s):
'течение, поток' ;
‘current, stream’ [Illyrian RN Altus, Russ. (from Balt. ) RN Alьta].
an(a):
'на, в' ;
‘at, on’ [Avest. ana ‘along’, Greek aná ‘at, along’, Goth. ana ‘at, towards’].
ang-:
'кривой, изгибающийся' ;
‘curved, twisting’ [Old-Ind. ancati ‘a curve’, Greek ankos ‘valley, abyss’].
ant(i):
'(на)против' ;
‘against’ [Old-Ind. ánti ‘against, nearby, the Lith. añt ‘towards, against’, Toch. nt ‘through’,
Greek antí ‘against’, etc.].
apa, aphus:
'вода, река, ручей' ;
‘water, river; a spring’ [Old-Pruss. ape ‘river’, apus ‘spring’, Old-Ind. p- ‘water’].
apsa:
'осина';
‘aspen’ [Altin apse ‘aspen’, Old-Pruss. abse, Pol. osa (from Proto-Slavic *aps ), Old-HighGerman aspa ‘aspen’].
arma:
'болото, топь, трясина' .
‘swamp, bog’ [Lith. arma ‘bog, puddle’, armuõ, -eñs ‘the same’].
ars-:
'течь, течение, река' .
‘to flow; current, river’ [Old-Pruss. RN Arsio, Arse, Old-Ind. ár ati ‘to flow’, Hett. ar - ‘the same’].
arta(s), arda(s):
'течение, река' .
‘current. river’ [Old-Ind. árdati ‘to flow’, Greek ard ‘to bedew’].
arzas:
'белый' .
‘white’ [Greek argós ‘white’, Toch. A rki-, B rkwi- ‘white’, Hett. kar-ki-is ‘white’].
asa(s):
'камень' .
‘stone’, as(a)m ‘stony’ [Old-Ind. as’man ‘stone; heaven’, Avest. asman- ‘the same’,
Pelasg. asáminthos (stone) bath’, Lith. akmuõ, -eñs ‘stone’].
at:
'у, к' .
‘at, towards’ [Latv. ad ‘at, towards’, Old-Icel. at ‘at, opposite to’].
ath-:
'холм, яр' .
‘high, steep coast, a hill’ [Greek akt ‘steep coast, peninsula, cape’].
at(u):
'течение, поток' ;
‘current, stream’ [Latv. RN Adula, German Attel, Avest. adu- ‘current, stream, channel’].
bebrus:
'' ;
‘beaver’ [Lith. bebrus ‘beaver’, Old-Pruss. b brus, Bulg. VN Bebrovo, Old-HighGerman bibar, etc.].
bend-:
'' ;
‘to bind’ [Old-Ind. bándhana- ‘binding’, Avest. bandayaiti ‘to bind’, Goth , Anglo-Saxon bindan, German binden ‘to bind’].
beras:
'' ;
‘brown, swarthy’ [Lith. b 'ras ‘brown’, Latv. b rs ‘the same’,
Old-HighGerman bero ‘a bear’ (initially ‘brown’)].
berga(s):
'' ;
‘hill, bank’
[Old-Icel. berg ‘mountain’, Old-HighGerman berg, German Berg ‘mountain’,
Old-Bulg. breg , New-Bulg. brjag ‘bank, coast’].
berza(s):
'' ;
‘birch’ [Lith. bér as, Latv. b rzs, dial. bêrza,
Old-Pruss. berse, Russ. berëza, Bulg. breza ‘birch’].
bredas:
'' ;
‘pasture-ground’ [Russ. bred, bredina ‘pasture’, bresti, bredu ‘to cross by a ford’,
Balt. (Zhemait.) RN Bred-upja].
brentas (brendas):
'' ;
‘deer’ [Messap. bréndon ‘deer’].
brink-:
'' ;
‘to swell’ [Lith. brìnkti [brìnkstu) ‘to swell’, Pol. na-brekac' ‘the same’].
bruzas:
'' ;
‘quick’ [Lith. brù as ‘somebody who runs to and fro’, the Slavic *b rz , Bulg. br z].
bur, buris (boris):
'' ;
‘man’ [Alb. burrë ‘man’].
burt- (burd-):
'' ;
‘a ford’ [Slavic *brod , Bulg. brod ‘a ford’].
b zas:
'' ;
‘a goat’ [Avest. b za- ‘a goat’].
chalas:
'' ;
‘mud’ [Old-Bulg. kal , New-Bulg. kal ‘mud’, Czech kal ‘swamp; mud. soft soil’].
dama:
'' ;
‘settlement, place for settling’ [Old-Ind. dh man- ‘place for dwelling’, Greek thaimós ‘house’].
daphas:
'' ;
‘a flood’ [Lith. dãpas ‘a flood’, Norw. dial. dave ‘puddle, pool’].
darsas (dersas):
'' ;
‘brave, courageous’ [Old-Pruss. dyrsos (pl.) ‘able, brave’, Avest. dar yu- ‘brave, strong’].
datan (datas):
'' ;
‘place, settlement’ [Alb. datë ‘place, settlement].
dentu-:
'' ;
‘clan, tribe’ [Latv. gens ‘clan, tribe’].
desa(s), disa(s):
'' ;
‘deity, god’ [Greek théos ‘god’].
dinga:
'' ;
‘fertile ground’ [Latv. dinga ‘fertile place’, Old-Icel. dyngia ‘dunghill’].
diza:
'' ;
‘fortress’ [Avest. uz-da za ‘a heaping, a fortification’, Old-Pers. did , New-Pers. diz, d z ‘fortress’].
d n:
'' ;
‘place, country(side)’ [Old-Ir. d , Gen. don ‘place, country(side)’, Greek chth n ‘soil, land’].
drenis:
'' ;
‘deer’ [Alb. Geg dre, dreni ‘deer’].
dumas:
'' ;
‘dark’ [Lith. d 'mas ‘dark, dark brown (for cattle)’, Latv. d ms ‘dark brown’].
d n-:
'' ;
‘hill, mountain’ [Anglo-Saxon d n hill, mountain’, German Düne ‘dune’].
e(i)b-:
'' ;
‘to flow, to drip’ [Pelasg. eib ‘to drip, to flow (out)’].
ermas:
'' ;
‘fierce, mad’ [Alb. jerm ‘furious, mad’].
esvas (ezvas):
'' ;
‘horse’ [Old-Ind. ás’va-h ‘horse’, Avest. aspa- ‘the same’, Latin equus, etc.].
gaidrus:
'' ;
‘bright, clear’ [Lith. gaidrùs ‘bright, clear (cloudless)’, Greek phaidrós ‘shining, bright, cheerful’].
gava(s):
'' ;
‘county, countryside’ [Goth. gawi ‘county’, pre-Greek gaia, Att. g ‘land, region’].
germas:
'' ;
‘warm, hot’ [Old-Ind. gharmá- ‘heat’, Armen. j^erm’warm’, Greek thermós ‘the same’].
gesa:
'' ;
‘stork kingfisher’ [Old-Pruss. geeyse ‘kingfisher’, Latv. dz se ‘heron, kingfisher’].
gin-:
'' ;
‘to languish, to spoil, to dry out’
[Old-Kurian Ginulle (a stream), Latv. g'nins ‘to spoil, to languish’].
haimos (-on), *saimas (-an):
'' ;
‘ridge, mountain chain’ [Old-Ind. simán- ‘ridge, boundary’, Irish s m ‘chain’].
ida (ide):
'' ;
‘tree; forest’ [Old-Ir. fid, Gen. fedo ‘tree, trees, forest’].
iet(e)r (=jeter-):
'' ;
‘quick, agile’ [Old-HighGerman tar ‘quick’, Latv. ãtrs ‘quick’].
l(u)-:
'' ;
‘silt, mud’ [Greek lys, - os ‘mud, silt’, Church Slavic il ‘the same’].
i ras (=j ras):
'' ;
‘water, river’ [Lith. j 'ra ‘a sea’, Old-Nord. r ‘drizzle’].
kalas:
'' ;
‘district, border region’ [Lith. gãlas ‘end, border of a field, meadow or forest’, Latv. gals ‘neighbourhood’].
kalsas:
'' ;
‘dry, dried up’ [Latv. kálst (-stu, -tu) ‘to dry up, to wither’].
kapas:
'' ;
‘hill, slope’ [Latv. kãpa, kape ‘long mountain strip, dune, slope’, Lith. kopà ‘and hill, dune’].
kel(l)a:
'' ;
‘a spring’ [Old-HighGerman quella, German Quelle ‘a spring’].
kenthas:
'' ;
‘a child, descendant’ [Latv. re-cens ‘fresh, young, new’, with another suffix in the New-Bulg chedo ‘a child’].
kersas:
'' ;
‘black’ [Lith. kér as ‘on black and white spots’, Bulg. cheren ‘black’, Old-Ind. krsná ‘black, dark’].
ketri-, ketre-:
'' ;
‘four’ [Greek tetra ‘four’, Cymr. pedry- ‘four-fold’, Lith. keturì, Latv. etri, Bulg. etiri ‘four’].
kik-:
'' ;
‘live, agile’ [Anglo-Saxon cwicu, Old-Nord. kvikr, kykr ‘live, agile’, Engl. quick].
kiri-
[or kira ]: ‘mountain’, ‘forest’ [Old-Ind. girí-h ‘mountain’, Avest. gairi- ‘the same’, Lith. girià, gìre:
'' ;
‘forest, wood’. Latv. dzi a ‘forest’].
knisa(s):
'' ;
‘eroded place’ [Lith. knìsti ‘to dig’].
kupsela:
'' ;
‘a heap, a hillock’ [Lith. kups lis ‘heap, hillock’].
kurp-:
'' ;
‘to burrow’ [Lith. ku pti (-iù) ‘to burrow’, Russ. korpat’ ‘to burrow’].
kurta:
'' ;
‘groove, wood’ [Old-Pruss. korto ‘groove’ from the Baltic *kurt ].
laza (-as):
'' ;
‘clearing (in forest), glade’
[Serbo-Croat läz ‘clearing’, Russ. laz ‘animal pathway to a river (lake)’, lazina ‘clearing’].
lingas:
'' ;
‘depression, meadow’ [Lith. lénge ‘low land’, PN Linge, Bulg. long ‘meadow’].
mar-:
'' ;
‘water, river, bog’ [Anglo-Saxon merisc ‘swamp’, Old-Icel. mørr ‘swampy country’].
marka:
'' ;
‘bog; swampy country’ [Lith. markà ‘a pit for steeping flax or hemp’, Ukrain. morokva ‘bog’].
melda(s):
'' ;
‘marshy reed’ [Lith. meldà, méldas ‘marsh reed’, Latv. meldi ‘reed’, Old-HighGerman melta].
m r-:
'' ;
‘large, great’ [Church Slavic personal name Vladi-mer , Old-HighGerman Volk-m r, Hlodo-m r, Old-Icel. m r ‘big’].
mez na:
'' ;
‘a horseman’ [Alb. mes, mezi ‘stallion’, Roman. (substrat) mînz ‘stallion’].
muka:
'' ;
‘seed, clan, posterity’ [Iran. muka- in the Osset. mugæ ‘family’, muggag ‘seed, clan’].
mukas:
'' ;
‘swampy country, a bog’ [Latv. muka ‘swamp, where one can sink’, mukls ‘swampy’, Lith. RN M k ].
musas:
'' ;
‘moss, mould’ [Old-HighGerman , Anglo-Saxon mos ‘moss, swamp’, German Moss ‘moss’,
Church-Slav. m h ‘moss’, Lith. musai, pl. ‘mould on yoghourt’].
nest-:
'' ;
‘rumbling, roaring’ [Old-Ind. nádati ‘to rumlble, to roar’, nadi- ‘river, current’].
Ostas:
'' ;
‘river mouth’ [Lith. úostas, uostà ‘river mouth; a port’, Latv. uosts-, uosta ‘the same’,
Latin stium:
'' ;
‘river mouth’, Old-Bulg. uostije ‘the same’].
pa(i)vis:
'' ;
‘child, son’ [Greek Homer pavis, Att. paus, pais].
paisa(s):
'' ;
‘soot’ [Lith. pai ai ‘soot’].
pala:
'' ;
‘swamp, bog’ [Lith. pãlios, pl. ‘big swamp. bog’, Latv. pa as, pa i ‘swampy banks of a lake’, Latin palus ‘lake’].
palma:
'' ;
‘swamp, bog’ [from pala with the suffix -m ].
pan(i):
'' ;
‘swamp, quagmire, peat-bog’ [Old-Pruss. pannean ‘quagmire’, Goth. fani ‘silt’, etc.].
para, phara:
'' ;
‘settlement, village’ [from the IE *(s)por as ‘village’].
pauta(s):
'' ;
‘foam’ or ‘foaming’ [Old-Pruss. RN Pauta, Lith. putà ‘foam’, putóti ‘to foam’, Latv. putas ‘foam’].
per:
'' ;
‘boy, son’ [Lat. puer ‘child, boy, son’].
per(u)-:
'' ;
‘a rock’ [Hett. peruna- ‘a rock’, Old-Ind. párvata- ‘mountain’].
p s:
'' ;
‘boy, child’ [Greek paus, pais ‘child’, Cypr. pas ‘the same’].
piza(s):
'' ;
‘bog, meadow’ [Latv. p sa ‘deep swamp’, Greek p sea, pl. ‘damp places, meadow’].
pras- (resp. *praus- ):
'' ;
‘to wash, to splash, to bedew’ [Lith. pra sti ‘to wash, to sprinkle’,
Latv. prauslat ’to splash, to besprinkle’, Old-Ind. prusn 'ti ‘to splash’].
puis, pus, pys:
'' ;
‘child, son’ [-pu(i)s = Greek Att. paus ‘child, son’].
pupa:
'' ;
‘beans’ or ‘hill’ (?) [Lith. pupà ‘beans’ or Alb. pupë ‘hill’].
pura-:
'' ;
‘maize, spelt’ [Greek pyrós ‘maize’, Lith. p rai ‘winter maize’, Church Slavic p iro ‘spelt’].
purda:
'' ;
‘swampy, damp place’ [Latv. purdu i ‘a snivel’, Greek pardakos ‘damp, wet’].
puris, poris, por, pyris, pyros, pyr:
'' ;
‘son, boy’
[Latin pure ‘child, boy, son’ in Latin PN Marci-por, Nae-por, li-por,
Etr. nei-pur, naei-purs].
pus, pys:
'' ;
‘child, son’ - see puis.
pusinas:
'' ;
‘spruce forest, pine forest’ [Lith. pu nas ‘spruce forest’ from pu ìs ‘pine, spruce’].
putras:
'' ;
‘bawler, squaller, babbler’ [Old-Latv. personal name Putre,
Latv. putruôt, putrât ‘to cry, to speak fast’].
raimas:
'' ;
‘motley’ [Lith. ráimas ‘motley, particoloured’].
raka(s):
'' ;
‘eroded place, a gully’ [Lith. ràkti ‘to burrow’].
ramus:
'' ;
‘quiet, calm’ [Lith. ramùs ‘quiet’, Old-Ind. rámate ‘to stay quiet, to rest’].
raskus:
'' ;
‘quick, agile, live’ [Old-HighGerman rasc ‘quick’, German rasch ‘the same’, Engl. rash].
rera:
'' ;
‘stones, stony ground’ (from an earlier *lera ) [Alb. lerë, -a ‘stones, fallen stones’].
r zas (resas ):
'' ;
‘king’ [Latin rex ‘king’, Old-Ind. raj- ‘the same’].
ring- (rink- ):
'' ;
‘quick, skillful’ [Old-HighGerman (ge)-ringi ‘light’, Middle-German ge-ringi ‘light. quick’,
Greek rhimpha ‘quickly, skillfully’].
rudas:
'' ;
‘red, reddish’ [Lith. RN Rùd-up , adj. rùdas ‘(red-) brown, reddish’, Latv. ruds ‘reddish’].
rumba(s):
'' ;
‘edge; rapids’ [Lith. ru bas ‘periphery’, Latv. ru ba ‘waterfall, rapids’].
r s-a (-as, -is):
'' ;
‘a pit’ or rus- ‘slowly flowing’ [Old-Pruss. PN Russe (a village and a swamp),
Lith. r s s (and rúsas) ‘potatoe’s pit; hut’, Latv. r sa ‘pit; or the Litv. rus 'ti ‘to flow slowly’].
sabazias:
'' ;
‘free’ [Old-Bulg. svobod ‘free’].
saldas (instead of *zaldas ):
'' ;
‘golden’ [Old-Bulg. zlato (from the Proto-Slavic *z lt ) ‘gold (noun)’ ,
New-Bulg. zlato ‘gold’, zlaten ‘golden’].
sara:
'' ;
‘current, stream’ [Old-Ind. sar ' ‘river, stream’].
sartas:
'' ;
‘light-red’ [Lith. sa tas ‘light-red (for horses)’, Latv. sarts ‘red’].
satras (satrus ):
'' ;
‘live, quick, agile’ (?) [Lith. atrùs ‘live, quick, agile, row’].
saut-is (-as):
'' ;
‘lazy’ [Latv. sautis ‘lazy man, who sleeps all the time’].
sei(e)tuva:
'' ;
‘deep place in the river’ [Lith. sietuvà ‘deep place in the river’].
seina(s):
'' ;
‘village, settlement’ [Armen. n, Gen. sini ‘village’, Greek Rhod. kroina ‘residence’].
s kas:
'' ;
‘grass, greenery; hay’ [Lith. 'kas ‘recently mowed down grass’, Old-Ind. s' ka- ‘vegetable’].
sem(e)la (= zeml’a ):
'' ;
‘land, earth’ [Old-Bulg. zemlja, Russ. zemlja, Lith. zeme, Latv. zeme].
serma, sermas:
'' ;
‘current, stream’ [Old-Ind. sárma-h ‘current’, Lith. RN Sérmas].
siltas:
'' ;
‘warm, pleasant’ [Lith. i tas ‘warm, pleasant’, Latv. sìlts ‘warm’, Cymr. clyd ‘warm, warming’].
sind(u)-:
'' ;
‘river’ [Old-Ind. sindhu- ‘river’, Old-Pers. hindus ‘the same’].
singas:
'' ;
‘low land, depression’ [Goth. sigqan, Old-HighGerman sinkan, German sinken ‘to sink, to collapse’].
skaivas:
'' ;
‘left’ [Greek skaiós ‘left’, Latin scaevus ‘the same’].
skalp-:
'' ;
‘to beetle, to hit’ [Lith. ska bti (-biù, -bia ) ‘to beetle, to dolly (for laundry)’].
skaplis:
'' ;
‘axe’ [Lith. skãplis ‘axe’].
skapt-:
'' ;
‘to dig’ [Lith. skaptúoti ‘to cut, to carve (in wood)’, Greek skápto ‘to dig’].
skaras (-is):
'' ;
‘quick’ [Old-Bulg. skor , Russ. skor j ‘quick’, etc. (Proto-Slavic *skar )].
skarsas:
'' ;
‘transverse, slanting’ [the Greek en-kársios, epi-kársis ‘curved, bent, transverse’,
Lith. ske sas ‘transverse, oblique].
skilas:
'' ;
‘quick, impetuous’ [Lith. skìlti ‘set fire’ and ‘run mad’]
skreta:
'' ;
‘circle, circumference’ [Lith. skret ' ‘a (round) disk’, skrìt ‘circumference’].
skumbr-as (or -is):
'' ;
‘hill, mountain’ [Lith. kumbr s, ku bris ‘hillock, hill, mountain peak, small mountain’].
spinda(s):
'' ;
‘clearing (in the forest)’ [Lith spiñdis ‘clearing in the forest’].
stra (from an earlier *strava ):
'' ;
‘current, torrent’ [Lith. sravà ‘current’, Latv. strava ‘current, torrent’].
strambas:
'' ;
‘stubble-field’ [Old-Pruss. strambo ‘stubble-field’, the Latv. strùobs ‘a spray, a stem, a straw’ ].
strum , strum n:
'' ;
‘current, river’ [Old-HighGerman stroum, German Strom ‘current’ river’,
Lith. sraumuõ, -eñs ‘fast current’, sr ti (sr vù, dial. sr nù) ‘to fill with water’ and ‘to flow, to outflow the banks (for a river)’].
str na:
'' ;
‘current, river’ [Lith. sriti ‘to fill with water, to outflow’].
stur(ia):
'' ;
‘country, countryside’ [Old-Bulg strana (Proto-Slavic *st rn ) ‘country’, Bulg. pro-stor ‘expanse, space’].
suchis, sukis, suku(s) (-os):
'' ;
‘girl’, resp. ‘boy, juvenile’ [Cymr. hogen ‘girl’, hogyn ‘boy, lad’,
Lith. s nùs ‘son’, Old-Bulg. s in ‘son’, etc.].
suka:
'' ;
‘a crack, a gorge, a pass’, [Lith. ùk ‘a gap, a crack’].
sula:
'' ;
‘groove’ [Greek h le ‘forest, groove’].
sunka:
'' ;
‘sap, fluid’ [Lith. sunkà ‘sap (of a tree); fluid’].
sura (zura):
'' ;
‘current, stream’ [Old-Ind. sir ' ‘current. stream’].
suras:
'' ;
‘strong, brave; a hero’ [Old-Ind. s 'ra-h ‘a hero, a warrior’, Avest. s 'ra- ‘brave, courageous; a hero’].
suras:
'' ;
‘salty, bitter’ [Lith. s 'ras ‘salty’, Latv. s rs ‘salty, bitter, sour’].
svit-:
'' ;
‘to shine, to twinkle’ [Lith. vit 'ti ‘to shine, to twinkle’, Old-Bulg. sv teti sia) ‘to shine’].
tarpas, terpas:
'' ;
‘a gap, a crack’ [Lith. tárpas, térp ‘an interstice, a crack’, Proto-Slavic *tarp ‘a pit, a ditch’].
taru-:
'' ;
‘spear’ [Greek dóry ‘tree’ and ‘spear’, Hett. ta-ru- ‘tree, trees’, Old-Ind. dáru- ‘tree’].
thin-:
'' ;
‘to hold, to carry’ [Latin tene , -ere ‘to hold’].
thurd-:
'' ;
‘to crash, to collapse’ [Old-HighGerman sturzen, German stürzen ‘to overthrow, to fall’].
tirsas:
'' ;
‘thicket’ [Lith. ti tis ‘density, thickness’ and ‘thicket, brush-wood’, ti ti (ti tù) ‘to thicken’].
titha:
'' ;
‘light, radiance’ [Greek tit ' ‘morning glow; morning, day’, Alb. ditë ‘day’].
tranas:
'' ;
‘rotting’ [Lith. RN Tran s, tren 'ti ‘to rot, to decompose’].
traus-:
'' ;
‘to break, to crumble’ [Lith. trau ti ‘to break, to crumble’, tra us ‘brittle’,
the Latv. trauss, trausls ‘brittle, fragile’, Old-Russ. troh ‘lazy; sad’].
tund-
'' ;
1. ‘to push, to knock’;
2. ‘river’
[1. Latin tund , -ere ‘to push, to knock’, Old-Ind. tundat ‘to push’. 2. Old-Icel. þund ‘river’].
tuntas:
'' ;
‘a flock, a flight; a heap’ [Lith. tuñtas ‘a flock, a flight; a heap, a pile’].
turm-:
'' ;
‘a run, a flight’ [Old-Ind. drámati ‘to run’, Greek drómos ‘a run’].
udra(s):
'' ;
‘otter’ [Old-Ind. udrá-h ‘water animal’, Avest. udra- ‘otter’, Greek hy’dros, Old-HighGerman ottar,
Lith. údra, Bulg. vidra ‘otter’].
udr nas:
'' ;
‘water, aquatic’ [Greek hydrinós ‘referring to water, water’, án-ydros ‘waterless’].
kas:
'' ;
‘mist; misty, turbid’ [Lith. kas ‘a mist; clouding; fume, vapour’, 'kanas ‘cloudy, turbid’].
upa:
'' ;
‘river’ [Lith. ùp ‘river’, Latv. upe ‘river, stream’].
urda(s):
'' ;
‘stream’ [Lith. urdul s ‘(mountain) stream, pool’, Latv. urdavi a ‘stream’].
usku-:
'' ;
‘water; aquatic, marshy’ [Old-Ir. u(i)sce ‘water’, Old-Cymr uisc, Irish esc ‘water, bog, swamp’].
ut-:
'' ;
‘water, river’ [Old-Ind. ud-án- ‘water’, Greek hydos ‘the same’].
vair-as (-us):
'' ;
‘spinning’ [Lith. vairùs, vairas ‘spinning’, Swed. v rr ‘a spiral’].
varpasas:
'' ;
‘whirlpool’ [Latv. v rpats ‘whirlpool’, the Lith. varp ti (-pau, -piau) ‘to dig, to burrow’].
veger- (resp. *veker- ):
'' ;
‘damp; to bedew’ or ‘haymowing’ [Dutch wak ‘damp’, Latv. vedzere etc.].
veleka(s):
'' ;
‘place for washing’ [Lith. vel kles ‘a place, used for washing’, vel 'ti ‘to wash (with a paddle)’].
ver-:
'' ;
‘to spring, to issue’
[Lith. vírti (vérdu, viria ) ‘to boil, to bubble’, the Old-Bulg. v reti v rion ‘to spring, to boil’].
verza(s):
'' ;
‘a barrier used for fishing; dam’ [Latv. varza ‘dam’].
zbel- (from an initial *zibel- ):
'' ;
‘shining; a thunderbolt, a lightning’
[Latv. zibele ‘shining’, zibelêt ‘to flash, to twinkle, to shine’].
zburul-:
'' ;
‘light (noun); shining’ [Lith. ibur s ‘light’ (noun)’].
zelmis:
'' ;
‘an offspring, descendant’ [Lith. elmuõ, -eñs ‘plant’ and ‘an offspring’].
zenis, zen s:
'' ;
‘born, born in’ [= genes in the Greek personal name of Dio = génes,
from the IE *gen’- ‘to give birth’ in the Old-Latin geno ‘to produce, to give birth’].
z ri- (from an earlier *zv ri- ):
'' ;
‘an animal, a beast’
[Lith. v ris ‘a beast’, Old-Bulg. zver ‘the same’, Greek th r].
zi-:
'' ;
‘god’ [shortened from ziu-, zia- and similar, Greek Zeus].
zilas:
'' ;
‘grey, turned grey’ or ‘blue’ [Lith. ìlas ‘grey-haired’, Latv. zils, zil ‘blue’].
zilma(s):
'' ;
‘greenery’ [Latv. zelme ‘green grass or wheat’].
zum-, zuml-:
'' ;
‘dragon’ [Old-Bulg zm i ‘dragon’, zm ia ‘snake’].
zvaka(s):
'' ;
‘bright, white’ [Lith. vãk ‘light (noun)’].
Статистический анализ фрако-индоевропейских соответствий
Фонетическая статистика по словарю:
Больше всего слов – на E, A, K, B, G.
Отсутствуют слова на F (как во фракийском), H. Неизвестны на N
(во фракийском тоже мало – и удивительно для такой устойчивой фонемы), R (очень странно).
Самые частые фонемы в середине - ?.
Меньше всего – на C (Ci – как во фракийском – нет, наверное, аффрикат), L, I, O
(как во фракийском – и вообще отсутствует в этрусском), S, V, W.
Самые редкие фонемы в середине - ?
Статистика по соответствиям:
балтских - 138:
литовских - 82, латышских - 44, прусских - 12;
германских - 61:
общегерманских - 26 древне-верхненемецких - 15, древне-исландских - 6, готских - 6,
англо-саксонских - 5,
норвежских - 1,
шведских - 1, ст.-норд. - 1;
славянских - 46: болгарских - 23,
праславянских - 5,
русских - 8, польских - 2,
старославянских - 2, чешских - 1,
украинских - 1;
арийских - 41:
древне-индийских - 29, авестийских - 11, иранских - 1;
греческих - 36;
латинских - 10;
албанских - 8;
хеттских - 4;
кимрских [кельтских ?] - 3;
армянских - 3;
фригийских - 2;
тохарских - 2;
пеласгийских - 2;
иллирийских - 1.
Соответствия говорят о том, что фракийский, вопреки классическому мнению, далек от
армяно-фригийской группы, а больше всего близок
к балтской
(еще более широко - к балто-славянской
(почти 200 соответствий - больше, чем со всеми остальными ), еще шире -
к балто-германской (260 соответствий - более, чем в 2 раза больше остальных вместе взятых).
Возможно, фракийский - балтский язык с фонетическим оглушением звонких согласных, вернее, с их сдвигом по типу армяно-германского
(или наиболее родствнный балтскому внутри балто-германских) с активным влиянием греко-арийского. Возможно, даже, это предок
прагерманского .
Следовательно, фракийская группа входит в состав "древнеевропейских" языков (а, точнее, северной ветви
праиндоевропейского ),
наряду с итало-кельтскими , а влияние древнегреческого (или
греко-македонского )
и арийского обусловлено ареальными контактами (с юга и востока, соответственно).
Известны, например, походы фракийцев на киммерийцев (которые, возможно, были не
иранцами ,
а индоарийцами ),
а сама фракийская цивилизация была культурным источником для древнегреческой (наряду с критской и ближневосточной).
Вот, оказывается, на каком языке говорили догреческие пеласги!
Сведения о фракийской лексике
© «lexicons.ru », 2012.
Автор и владелец - Игорь Константинович Гаршин
(см. резюме ).
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